Python编程快速上手-猜数字游戏

将所学的知识综合起来，编写一个更完整的程序

# This is a guess the number game.
import random
secretNumber = random.randint(1,20)
print('I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20.')

# Ask the player to guess 6 times.
for guessTanken in range(1, 7):
    print('Take a guess.')
    guess = int(input())

    if guess < secretNumber:
        print('Your guess is too low.')

    elif guess > secretNumber:
        print('Your guess is too high.')
    else:
        break # This condition is the correct guess!

if guess == secretNumber:
    print('God job! You guessed my number in ' + str(guessTaken) + 'guesses!')
else:
    print('Nope. The number I was thinking of  was ' + str(secretNumber))

函数时将代码逻辑分组的主要方式。
因为函数中的变量存在于它们自己的局部作用域内，所以一个函数中的代码不能直接影响其他函数中变量的值。
函数是很好的工具，能帮助你组织代码。可以认为它们是黑盒。它们以参数的形式接收输入，以返回值的形式产生输出。它们内部的代码不会影响其他函数中的变量。