锁降级详解

锁降级: 写线程获取写入锁后可以获取读取锁, 然后释放写入锁, 这样就从写入锁变成了读取锁, 从而实现锁降级的特征

public class LockDegrade {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
       ReentrantReadWriteLock reentrantReadWriteLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
        Lock writeLock = reentrantReadWriteLock.writeLock();
        Lock readLock = reentrantReadWriteLock.readLock();
        writeLock.lock();
        readLock.lock();
        writeLock.unlock();
        readLock.unlock();

        System.out.println("程序正常运行");

    }
}

运行结果

锁降级以后, 写锁并不会直接降成读锁, 不会随着读锁的释放而释放, 因此需要显式地释放写锁

锁降级的应用场景: 对于数据比较敏感, 需要在对数据修改以后, 获取到修改后的值, 并进行接下来的其它操作

public class LockDegradeDemo {
    private int i = 0;

    private ReadWriteLock readWriteLock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
    private Lock writerLock = readWriteLock.writeLock();
    private Lock readLock = readWriteLock.writeLock();

    public void doSomething() {
        writerLock.lock();
        try {
            i++;
            readLock.lock();
        } finally {
            writerLock.unlock();
        }
        try {
            // 模拟其它复杂操作
            Thread.sleep(500L);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        try {
            if (i == 1) {
                System.out.println("i的值是" + i);
            } else {
                System.out.println("i = " + i);
            }
        } finally {
            readLock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        LockDegradeDemo lockDegradeDemo = new LockDegradeDemo();
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            new Thread(() -> {
                lockDegradeDemo.doSomething();
            }).start();
        }
    }
}

运行结果