路由器配置基础

路由器配置基础[@more@]

路由器配置基础?
一、基本设置方式?
一般来说,可以用5种方式来设置路由器:?
1.?Console口接终端或运行终端仿真软件的微机;?
2.?AUX口接MODEM,通过电话线与远方的终端或运行终端仿真软件的微机相连;?
3.?通过Ethernet上的TFTP服务器;?
4.?通过Ethernet上的TELNET程序;?
5.?通过Ethernet上的SNMP网管工作站。?
但路由器的第一次设置必须通过第一种方式进行,此时终端的硬件设置如下:?
波特率?:9600?
数据位?:8?
停止位?:1?
奇偶校验:?无

此主题相关图片如下:

命令状态?
1.?router>?
路由器处于用户命令状态,这时用户可以看路由器的连接状态,访问其它网络和主机,但不能看到和更改路由器的设置内容。?
2.?router#?
在router>提示符下键入enable,路由器进入特权命令状态router#,这时不但可以执行所有的用户命令,还可以看到和更改路由器的设置内容。?
3.?router(config)#?
在router#提示符下键入configure?terminal,出现提示符router(config)#,此时路由器处于全局设置状态,这时可以设置路由器的全局参数。?
4.?router(config-if)#;?
router(config-line)#;?
router(config-router)#;…­
路由器处于局部设置状态,这时可以设置路由器某个局部的参数。?
5.?>?
路由器处于RXBOOT状态,在开机后60秒内按ctrl-break可进入此状态,这时路由器不能完成正常的功能,只能进行软件升级和手工引导。?
6.?设置对话状态?
这是一台新路由器开机时自动进入的状态,在特权命令状态使用SETUP命令也可进入此状态,这时可通过对话方式对路由器进行设置。?
三、设置对话过程?
利用设置对话过程可以避免手工输入命令的烦琐,但它还不能完全代替手工设置,一些特殊的设置还必须通过手工输入的方式完成。?
进入设置对话过程后,路由器首先会显示一些提示信息:?
---?System?Configuration?Dialog?---?
At?any?point?you?may?enter?a?question?mark?'?'?for?help.?
Use?ctrl-c?to?abort?configuration?dialog?at?any?prompt.?
Default?settings?are?in?square?brackets?'[]'.?
这是告诉你在设置对话过程中的任何地方都可以键入“?”得到系统的帮助,按ctrl-c可以退出设置过程,缺省设置将显示在‘[]’中。然后路由器会问是否进入设置对话:?
Would?you?like?to?enter?the?initial?configuration?dialog??[yes]:?
如果按y或回车,路由器就会进入设置对话过程。首先你可以看到各端口当前的状况:?
First,?would?you?like?to?see?the?current?interface?summary??[yes]:?
Any?interface?listed?with?OK??value?"NO"?does?not?have?a?valid?configuration?
Interface?IP-Address?OK??Method?Status?Protocol?
Ethernet0?unassigned?NO?unset?up?up?
Serial0?unassigned?NO?unset?up?up?
………­………¡…¡……­…¡…?
然后,路由器就开始全局参数的设置:?
Configuring?global?parameters:?
1.?设置路由器名:?
Enter?host?name?[Router]:?
2.?设置进入特权状态的密文(secret),此密文在设置以后不会以明文方式显示:?
The?enable?secret?is?a?one-way?cryptographic?secret?used?
instead?of?the?enable?password?when?it?exists.?
Enter?enable?secret:?cisco?
3.?设置进入特权状态的密码(password),此密码只在没有密文时起作用,并且在设置以后会以明文方式显示:?
The?enable?password?is?used?when?there?is?no?enable?secret?
and?when?using?older?software?and?some?boot?images.?
Enter?enable?password:?pass?
4.?设置虚拟终端访问时的密码:?
Enter?virtual?terminal?password:?cisco?
5.?询问是否要设置路由器支持的各种网络协议:?
Configure?SNMP?Network?Management??[yes]:?
Configure?DECnet??[no]:?
Configure?AppleTalk??[no]:?
Configure?IPX??[no]:?
Configure?IP??[yes]:?
Configure?IGRP?routing??[yes]:?
Configure?RIP?routing??[no]:?
………­
6.?如果配置的是拨号访问服务器,系统还会设置异步口的参数:?
Configure?Async?lines??[yes]:?
1)?设置线路的最高速度:?
Async?line?speed?[9600]:?
2)?是否使用硬件流控:?
Configure?for?HW?flow?control??[yes]:?
3)?是否设置modem:?
Configure?for?modems??[yes/no]:?yes?
4)?是否使用默认的modem命令:?
Configure?for?default?chat?script??[yes]:?
5)?是否设置异步口的PPP参数:?
Configure?for?Dial-in?IP?SLIP/PPP?access??[no]:?yes?
6)?是否使用动态IP地址:?
Configure?for?Dynamic?IP?addresses??[yes]:?
7)?是否使用缺省IP地址:?
Configure?Default?IP?addresses??[no]:?yes?
8)?是否使用TCP头压缩:?
Configure?for?TCP?Header?Compression??[yes]:?
9)?是否在异步口上使用路由表更新:?
Configure?for?routing?updates?on?async?links??[no]:?y?
10)?是否设置异步口上的其它协议。?
接下来,系统会对每个接口进行参数的设置。?
1.Configuring?interface?Ethernet0:?
1)?是否使用此接口:?
Is?this?interface?in?use??[yes]:?
2)?是否设置此接口的IP参数:?
Configure?IP?on?this?interface??[yes]:?
3)?设置接口的IP地址:?
IP?address?for?this?interface:?192.168.162.2?
4)?设置接口的IP子网掩码:?
Number?of?bits?in?subnet?field?[0]:?
Class?C?network?is?192.168.162.0,?0?subnet?bits;?mask?is?/24?
在设置完所有接口的参数后,系统会把整个设置对话过程的结果显示出来:?
The?following?configuration?command?script?was?created:?
hostname?Router?
enable?secret?5?$1$W5Oh$p6J7tIgRMBOIKVXVG53Uh1?
enable?password?pass?
…………¡
请注意在enable?secret后面显示的是乱码,而enable?password后面显示的是设置的内容。?
显示结束后,系统会问是否使用这个设置:?
Use?this?configuration??[yes/no]:?yes?
如果回答yes,系统就会把设置的结果存入路由器的NVRAM中,然后结束设置对话过程,使路由器开始正常的工作。?
四、常用命令?
1.?帮助?
在IOS操作中,无论任何状态和位置,都可以键入“?”得到系统的帮助。?
2.?改变命令状态?
任务?命令?
进入特权命令状态?enable?
退出特权命令状态?disable?
进入设置对话状态?setup?
进入全局设置状态?config?terminal?
退出全局设置状态?end?
进入端口设置状态?interface?type?slot/number?
进入子端口设置状态?interface?type?number.subinterface?[point-to-point?|?multipoint]?
进入线路设置状态?line?type?slot/number?
进入路由设置状态?router?protocol?
退出局部设置状态?exit?
3.?显示命令?
任务?命令?
查看版本及引导信息?show?version?
查看运行设置?show?running-config?
查看开机设置?show?startup-config?
显示端口信息?show?interface?type?slot/number?
显示路由信息?show?ip?router?
4.?拷贝命令?
用于IOS及CONFIG的备份和升级
此主题相关图片如下:

网络命令?
任务?命令?
登录远程主机?telnet?hostname|IP?address?
网络侦测?ping?hostname|IP?address?
路由跟踪?trace?hostname|IP?address?
6.?基本设置命令?
任务?命令?
全局设置?config?terminal?
设置访问用户及密码?username?username?password?password?
设置特权密码?enable?secret?password?
设置路由器名?hostname?name?
设置静态路由?ip?route?destination?subnet-mask?next-hop?
启动IP路由?ip?routing?
启动IPX路由?ipx?routing?
端口设置?interface?type?slot/number?
设置IP地址?ip?address?address?subnet-mask?
设置IPX网络?ipx?network?network?
激活端口?no?shutdown?
物理线路设置?line?type?number?
启动登录进程?login?[local|tacacs?server]?
设置登录密码?password?password?
五、配置IP寻址?
1.?IP地址分类?
IP地址分为网络地址和主机地址二个部分,A类地址前8位为网络地址,后24位为主机地址,B类地址16位为网络地址,后16位为主机地址,C类地址前24位为网络地址,后8位为主机地址,网络地址范围如下表所示:?
种类?网络地址范围?
A?1.0.0.0?到126.0.0.0有效0.0.0.0?和127.0.0.0保留?
B?128.1.0.0到191.254.0.0有效128.0.0.0和191.255.0.0保留?
C?192.0.1.0?到223.255.254.0有效192.0.0.0和223.255.255.0保留?
D?224.0.0.0到239.255.255.255用于多点广播?
E?240.0.0.0到255.255.255.254保留255.255.255.255用于广播?
2.?分配接口IP地址?
任务?命令?
接口设置?interface?type?slot/number?
为接口设置IP地址?ip?address?ip-address?mask?
掩玛(mask)用于识别IP地址中的网络地址位数,IP地址(ip-address)和掩码(mask)相与即得到网络地址。?
3.?使用可变长的子网掩码?
通过使用可变长的子网掩码可以让位于不同接口的同一网络编号的网络使用不同的掩码,这样可以节省IP地址,充分利用有效的IP地址空间。?
如下图所示:

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1和Router2的E0端口均使用了C类地址192.1.0.0作为网络地址,Router1的E0的网络地址为192.1.0.128,掩码为255.255.255.192,?Router2的E0的网络地址为192.1.0.64,掩码为255.255.255.192,这样就将一个C类网络地址分配给了二个网,既划分了二个子网,起到了节约地址的作用。?
4.?使用网络地址翻译(NAT)?
NAT(Network?Address?Translation)起到将内部私有地址翻译成外部合法的全局地址的功能,它使得不具有合法IP地址的用户可以通过NAT访问到外部Internet.?
当建立内部网的时候,建议使用以下地址组用于主机,这些地址是由Network?Working?Group(RFC?1918)保留用于私有网络地址分配的.?
l?Class?A:10.1.1.1?to?10.254.254.254?
l?Class?B:172.16.1.1?to?172.31.254.254?
l?Class?C:192.168.1.1?to?192.168.254.254?
命令描述如下:?
任务?命令?
定义一个标准访问列表?access-list?access-list-number?permit?source?[source-wildcard]?
定义一个全局地址池?ip?nat?pool?name?start-ip?end-ip?{netmask?netmask?|?prefix-length?prefix-length}?[type?rotary]?
建立动态地址翻译?ip?nat?inside?source?{list?{access-list-number?|?name}?pool?name?[overload]?|?static?local-ipglobal-ip}?
指定内部和外部端口?ip?nat?{inside?|?outside}?

如下图所示,路由器的Ethernet?0端口为inside端口,即此端口连接内部网络,并且此端口所连接的网络应该被翻译,Serial?0端口为outside端口,其拥有合法IP地址(由NIC或服务提供商所分配的合法的IP地址),来自网络10.0.0.0/24的主机将从IP地址池c2501中选择一个地址作为自己的合法地址,经由Serial?0口访问Internet。命令ip?nat?inside?source?list?2?pool?c2501?overload中的参数overload,将允许多个内部地址使用相同的全局地址(一个合法IP地址,它是由NIC或服务提供商所分配的地址)。命令ip?nat?pool?c2501?202.96.38.1?202.96.38.62?netmask?255.255.255.192定义了全局地址的范围。

此主题相关图片如下:
设置如下:?
ip?nat?pool?c2501?202.96.38.1?202.96.38.62?netmask?255.255.255.192?
interface?Ethernet?0?
ip?address?10.0.0.1?255.255.255.0?
ip?nat?inside?
!?
interface?Serial?0?
ip?address?202.200.10.5?255.255.255.252?
ip?nat?outside?
!?
ip?route?0.0.0.0?0.0.0.0?Serial?0?
access-list?2?permit?10.0.0.0?0.0.0.255?
!?Dynamic?NAT?
!?
ip?nat?inside?source?list?2?pool?c2501?overload?
line?console?0?
exec-timeout?0?0?
!?
line?vty?0?4?
end?
六、配置静态路由?
通过配置静态路由,用户可以人为地指定对某一网络访问时所要经过的路径,在网络结构比较简单,且一般到达某一网络所经过的路径唯一的情况下采用静态路由。?
任务?命令?
建立静态路由?ip?route?prefix?mask?{address?|?interface}?[distance]?[tag?tag]?[permanent]?
Prefix?:所要到达的目的网络?
mask?:子网掩码?
address?:下一个跳的IP地址,即相邻路由器的端口地址。?
interface?:本地网络接口?
distance?:管理距离(可选)?
tag?tag?:tag值(可选)?
permanent?:指定此路由即使该端口关掉也不被移掉。?
以下在Router1上设置了访问192.1.0.64/26这个网下一跳地址为192.200.10.6,即当有目的地址属于192.1.0.64/26的网络范围的数据报,应将其路由到地址为192.200.10.6的相邻路由器。在Router3上设置了访问192.1.0.128/26及192.200.10.4/30这二个网下一跳地址为192.1.0.65。由于在Router1上端口Serial?0地址为192.200.10.5,192.200.10.4/30这个网属于直连的网,已经存在访问192.200.10.4/30的路径,所以不需要在Router1上添加静态路由。

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1:?
ip?route?192.1.0.64?255.255.255.192?192.200.10.6?
Router3:?
ip?route?192.1.0.128?255.255.255.192?192.1.0.65?
ip?route?192.200.10.4?255.255.255.252?192.1.0.65?
同时由于路由器Router3除了与路由器Router2相连外,不再与其他路由器相连,所以也可以为它赋予一条默认路由以代替以上的二条静态路由,?
ip?route?0.0.0.0?0.0.0.0?192.1.0.65?
即只要没有在路由表里找到去特定目的地址的路径,则数据均被路由到地址为192.1.0.65的相邻路由器。?

第二章?广域网协议设置?
一、HDLC?
HDLC是CISCO路由器使用的缺省协议,一台新路由器在未指定封装协议时默认使用HDLC封装。?
1.?有关命令?
端口设置?
任务?命令?
设置HDLC封装?encapsulation?hdlc?
设置DCE端线路速度?clockrate?speed?
复位一个硬件接口?clear?interface?serial?unit?
显示接口状态?show?interfaces?serial?[unit]?1?
注:1.以下给出一个显示Cisco同步串口状态的例子.?
Router#show?interface?serial?0?
Serial?0?is?up,?line?protocol?is?up?
Hardware?is?MCI?Serial?
Internet?address?is?150.136.190.203,?subnet?mask?is?255.255.255.0?
MTU?1500?bytes,?BW?1544?Kbit,?DLY?20000?usec,?rely?255/255,?load?1/255?
Encapsulation?HDLC,?loopback?not?set,?keepalive?set?(10?sec)?
Last?input?0:00:07,?output?0:00:00,?output?hang?never?
Output?queue?0/40,?0?drops;?input?queue?0/75,?0?drops?
Five?minute?input?rate?0?bits/sec,?0?packets/sec?
Five?minute?output?rate?0?bits/sec,?0?packets/sec?
16263?packets?input,?1347238?bytes,?0?no?buffer?
Received?13983?broadcasts,?0?runts,?0?giants?
2?input?errors,?0?CRC,?0?frame,?0?overrun,?0?ignored,?2?abort?
22146?packets?output,?2383680?bytes,?0?underruns?
0?output?errors,?0?collisions,?2?interface?resets,?0?restarts?
1?carrier?transitions?
2.?举例

此主题相关图片如下:

设置如下:?
Router1:?
interface?Serial0?
ip?address?192.200.10.1?255.255.255.0?
clockrate?1000000?
Router2:?
interface?Serial0?
ip?address?192.200.10.2?255.255.255.0?
!?
3.?举例使用E1线路实现多个64K专线连接.?
相关命令:?
任务?命令?
进入controller配置模式?controller?{t1?|?e1}?number?
选择帧类型?framing?{crc4?|?no-crc4}?
选择line-code类型?linecode?{ami?|?b8zs?|?hdb3}?
建立逻辑通道组与时隙的映射?channel-group?number?timeslots?range1?
显示controllers接口状态?show?controllers?e1?[slot/port]2?
注:?1.?当链路为T1时,channel-group编号为0-23,?Timeslot范围1-24;?当链路为E1时,?channel-group编号为0-30,?Timeslot范围1-31.?
2.使用show?controllers?e1观察controller状态,以下为帧类型为crc4时controllers正常的状态.?
Router#?show?controllers?e1?
e1?0/0?is?up.?
Applique?type?is?Channelized?E1?-?unbalanced?
Framing?is?CRC4,?Line?Code?is?HDB3?No?alarms?detected.?
Data?in?current?interval?(725?seconds?elapsed):?
0?Line?Code?Violations,?0?Path?Code?Violations?
0?Slip?Secs,?0?Fr?Loss?Secs,?0?Line?Err?Secs,?0?Degraded?Mins?
0?Errored?Secs,?0?Bursty?Err?Secs,?0?Severely?Err?Secs,?0?Unavail?Secs?
Total?Data?(last?24?hours)?0?Line?Code?Violations,?0?Path?Code?Violations,?
0?Slip?Secs,?0?Fr?Loss?Secs,?0?Line?Err?Secs,?0?Degraded?Mins,?
0?Errored?Secs,?0?Bursty?Err?Secs,?0?Severely?Err?Secs,?0?Unavail?Secs?
以下例子为E1连接3条64K专线,?帧类型为NO-CRC4,非平衡链路,路由器具体设置如下:?
shanxi#wri?t?
Building?configuration...?
Current?configuration:?
!?
version?11.2?
no?service?udp-small-servers?
no?service?tcp-small-servers?
!?
hostname?shanxi?
!?
enable?secret?5?$1$XN08$Ttr8nfLoP9.2RgZhcBzkk/?
enable?password?shanxi?
!?
!?
ip?subnet-zero?
!?
controller?E1?0?
framing?NO-CRC4?
channel-group?0?timeslots?1?
channel-group?1?timeslots?2?
channel-group?2?timeslots?3?
!?
interface?Ethernet0?
ip?address?133.118.40.1?255.255.0.0?
media-type?10BaseT?
!?
interface?Ethernet1?
no?ip?address?
shutdown?
!?
interface?Serial0:0?
ip?address?202.119.96.1?255.255.255.252?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
!?
interface?Serial0:1?
ip?address?202.119.96.5?255.255.255.252?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
!?
interface?Serial0:2?
ip?address?202.119.96.9?255.255.255.252?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
!?
no?ip?classless?
ip?route?133.210.40.0?255.255.255.0?Serial0:0?
ip?route?133.210.41.0?255.255.255.0?Serial0:1?
ip?route?133.210.42.0?255.255.255.0?Serial0:2?
!?
line?con?0?
line?aux?0?
line?vty?0?4?
password?shanxi?
login?
!?
end?
PPP?
PPP(Point-to-Point?Protocol)是SLIP(Serial?Line?IP?protocol)的继承者,它提供了跨过同步和异步电路实现路由器到路由器(router-to-router)和主机到网络(host-to-network)的连接。?
CHAP(Challenge?Handshake?Authentication?Protocol)和PAP(Password?Authentication?Protocol)?(PAP)通常被用于在PPP封装的串行线路上提供安全性认证。使用CHAP和PAP认证,每个路由器通过名字来识别,可以防止未经授权的访问。?
CHAP和PAP在RFC?1334上有详细的说明。?
1.?有关命令?
端口设置?
任务?命令?
设置PPP封装?encapsulation?ppp1?
设置认证方法?ppp?authentication?{chap?|?chap?pap?|?pap?chap?|?pap}?[if-needed]?[list-name?|?default]?[callin]?
指定口令?username?name?password?secret?
设置DCE端线路速度?clockrate?speed?
注:1、要使用CHAP/PAP必须使用PPP封装。在与非Cisco路由器连接时,一般采用PPP封装,其它厂家路由器一般不支持Cisco的HDLC封装协议。?
2.?举例?
路由器Router1和Router2的S0口均封装PPP协议,采用CHAP做认证,在Router1中应建立一个用户,以对端路由器主机名作为用户名,即用户名应为router2。同时在Router2中应建立一个用户,以对端路由器主机名作为用户名,即用户名应为router1。所建的这两用户的password必须相同。

此主题相关图片如下:

设置如下:?
Router1:?
hostname?router1?
username?router2?password?xxx?
interface?Serial0?
ip?address?192.200.10.1?255.255.255.0?
clockrate?1000000?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
Router2:?
hostname?router2?
username?router1?password?xxx?
interface?Serial0?
ip?address?192.200.10.2?255.255.255.0?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
X.25?
1.?X25技术?
X.25规范对应OSI三层,X.25的第三层描述了分组的格式及分组交换的过程。X.25的第二层由LAPB(Link?Access?Procedure,?Balanced)实现,它定义了用于DTE/DCE连接的帧格式。X.25的第一层定义了电气和物理端口特性。?
X.25网络设备分为数据终端设备(DTE)、数据电路终端设备(DCE)及分组交换设备(PSE)。DTE是X.25的末端系统,如终端、计算机或网络主机,一般位于用户端,Cisco路由器就是DTE设备。DCE设备是专用通信设备,如调制解调器和分组交换机。PSE是公共网络的主干交换机。?
X.25定义了数据通讯的电话网络,每个分配给用户的x.25?端口都具有一个x.121地址,当用户申请到的是SVC(交换虚电路)时,x.25一端的用户在访问另一端的用户时,首先将呼叫对方x.121地址,然后接收到呼叫的一端可以接受或拒绝,如果接受请求,于是连接建立实现数据传输,当没有数据传输时挂断连接,整个呼叫过程就类似我们拨打普通电话一样,其不同的是x.25可以实现一点对多点的连接。其中x.121地址、htc均必须与x.25服务提供商分配的参数相同。X.25?PVC(永久虚电路),没有呼叫的过程,类似DDN专线。?
2.?有关命令:?
任务?命令?
设置X.25封装?encapsulation?x25?[dce]?
设置X.121地址?x25?address?x.121-address?
设置远方站点的地址映射?x25?map?protocol?address?[protocol2?address2[...[protocol9?address9]]]?x121-address?[option]?
设置最大的双向虚电路数?x25?htc?citcuit-number1?
设置一次连接可同时建立的虚电路数?x25?nvc?count2?
设置x25在清除空闲虚电路前的等待周期?x25?idle?minutes?
重新启动x25,或清一个svc,启动一个pvc相关参数?clear?x25?{serial?number?|?cmns-interface?mac-address}?[vc-number]?3?
清x25虚电路?clear?x25-vc?
显示接口及x25相关信息?show?interfaces?serialshow?x25?interfaceshow?x25?mapshow?x25?vc?
注:1、虚电路号从1到4095,Cisco路由器默认为1024,国内一般分配为16。?
2、虚电路计数从1到8,缺省为1。?
3、在改变了x.25各层的相关参数后,应重新启动x25(使用clear?x25?{serial?number?|?cmns-interface?mac-address}?[vc-number]或clear?x25-vc命令),否则新设置的参数可能不能生效。同时应对照服务提供商对于x.25交换机端口的设置来配置路由器的相关参数,若出现参数不匹配则可能会导致连接失败或其它意外情况。?
3.?实例:?
3.1.?在以下实例中每二个路由器间均通过svc实现连接。

此主题相关图片如下:

路由器设置如下:?
Router1:?
interface?Serial0?
encapsulation?x25?
ip?address?192.200.10.1?255.255.255.0?
x25?address?110101?
x25?htc?16?
x25?nvc?2?
x25?map?ip?192.200.10.2?110102?broadcast?
x25?map?ip?192.200.10.3?110103?broadcast?
!?
Router2:?
interface?Serial0?
encapsulation?x25?
ip?address?192.200.10.2?255.255.255.0?
x25?address?110102?
x25?htc?16?
x25?nvc?2?
x25?map?ip?192.200.10.1?110101?broadcast?
x25?map?ip?192.200.10.3?110103?broadcast?
!?
Router:?
interface?Serial0?
encapsulation?x25?
ip?address?192.200.10.3?255.255.255.0?
x25?address?110103?
x25?htc?16?
x25?nvc?2?
x25?map?ip?192.200.10.1?110101?broadcast?
x25?map?ip?192.200.10.2?110102?broadcast?
!?
相关调试命令:?
clear?x25-vc?
show?interfaces?serial?
show?x25?map?
show?x25?route?
show?x25?vc?

3.2.?在以下实例中路由器router1和router2均通过svc与router连接,但router1和router2不通过svc直接连接,此三个路由器的串口运行RIP路由协议,使用了子接口的概念。由于使用子接口,router1和router2均学习到了访问对方局域网的路径,若不使用子接口,router1和router2将学不到到对方局域网的路由。?
子接口(Subinterface)是一个物理接口上的多个虚接口,可以用于在同一个物理接口上连接多个网。我们知道为了避免路由循环,路由器支持split?horizon法则,它只允许路由更新被分配到路由器的其它接口,而不会再分配路由更新回到此路由被接收的接口。?
无论如何,在广域网环境使用基于连接的接口(象?X.25和Frame?Relay),同一接口通过虚电路(vc)连接多台远端路由器时,从同一接口来的路由更新信息不可以再被发回到相同的接口,除非强制使用分开的物理接口连接不同的路由器。Cisco提供子接口(subinterface)作为分开的接口对待。你可以将路由器逻辑地连接到相同物理接口的不同子接口,?这样来自不同子接口的路由更新就可以被分配到其他子接口,同时又满足split?horizon法则。

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1:?
interface?Serial0?
encapsulation?x25?
ip?address?192.200.10.1?255.255.255.0?
x25?address?110101?
x25?htc?16?
x25?nvc?2?
x25?map?ip?192.200.10.3?110103?broadcast?
!?
router?rip?
network?192.200.10.0?
!?
Router2:?
interface?Serial0?
encapsulation?x25?
ip?address?192.200.11.2?255.255.255.0?
x25?address?110102?
x25?htc?16?
x25?nvc?2?
x25?map?ip?192.200.11.3?110103?broadcast?
!?
router?rip?
network?192.200.11.0?
!?
Router:?
interface?Serial0?
encapsulation?x25?
x25?address?110103?
x25?htc?16?
x25?nvc?2?
!?
interface?Serial0.1?point-to-point?
ip?address?192.200.10.3?255.255.255.0?
x25?map?ip?192.200.10.1?110101?broadcast?
!?
interface?Serial0.2?point-to-point?
ip?address?192.200.11.3?255.255.255.0?
x25?map?ip?192.200.11.2?110102?broadcast?
!?
router?rip?
network?192.200.10.0?
network?192.200.11.0?
!?
Frame?Relay?
1.?帧中继技术?
帧中继是一种高性能的WAN协议,它运行在OSI参考模型的物理层和数据链路层。它是一种数据包交换技术,是X.25的简化版本。它省略了X.25的一些强健功能,如提供窗口技术和数据重发技术,而是依靠高层协议提供纠错功能,这是因为帧中继工作在更好的WAN设备上,这些设备较之X.25的WAN设备具有更可靠的连接服务和更高的可靠性,它严格地对应于OSI参考模型的最低二层,而X.25还提供第三层的服务,所以,帧中继比X.25具有更高的性能和更有效的传输效率。


帧中继广域网的设备分为数据终端设备(DTE)和数据电路终端设备(DCE),Cisco路由器作为?DTE设备。?
帧中继技术提供面向连接的数据链路层的通信,在每对设备之间都存在一条定义好的通信链路,且该链路有一个链路识别码。这种服务通过帧中继虚电路实现,每个帧中继虚电路都以数据链路识别码(DLCI)标识自己。DLCI的值一般由帧中继服务提供商指定。帧中继即支持PVC也支持SVC。?
帧中继本地管理接口(LMI)是对基本的帧中继标准的扩展。它是路由器和帧中继交换机之间信令标准,提供帧中继管理机制。它提供了许多管理复杂互联网络的特性,其中包括全局寻址、虚电路状态消息和多目发送等功能。?
2.?有关命令:?
端口设置?
任务?命令?
设置Frame?Relay封装?encapsulation?frame-relay[ietf]?1?
设置Frame?Relay?LMI类型?frame-relay?lmi-type?{ansi?|?cisco?|?q933a}2?
设置子接口?interface?interface-type?interface-number.subinterface-number?[multipoint|point-to-point]?
映射协议地址与DLCI?frame-relay?map?protocol?protocol-address?dlci?[broadcast]3?
设置FR?DLCI编号?frame-relay?interface-dlci?dlci?[broadcast]?
注:1.若使Cisco路由器与其它厂家路由设备相连,则使用Internet工程任务组(IETF)规定的帧中继封装格式。?
2.从Cisco?IOS版本11.2开始,软件支持本地管理接口(LMI)“自动感觉”,?“自动感觉”使接口能确定交换机支持的LMI类型,用户可以不明确配置LMI接口类型。?
3.broadcast选项允许在帧中继网络上传输路由广播信息。?
3.?帧中继point?to?point配置实例

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1:?
interface?serial?0?
encapsulation?frame-reply?
!?
interface?serial?0.1?multipoint?
ip?address?172.16.1.2?255.255.255.0?
frame-reply?map?ip?172.16.1.1?201?broadcast?
frame-reply?map?ip?172.16.1.3?301?broadcast?
frame-reply?map?ip?172.16.1.4?401?broadcast?
!?
Router2:?
interface?serial?0?
encapsulation?frame-reply?
!?
interface?serial?0.1?multipoint?
ip?address?172.16.1.1?255.255.255.0?
frame-reply?map?ip?172.16.1.2?102?broadcast?
frame-reply?map?ip?172.16.1.3?102?broadcast?
frame-reply?map?ip?172.16.1.4?102?broadcast?
ISDN?
1.?综合数字业务网(ISDN)?
综合数字业务网(ISDN)由数字电话和数据传输服务两部分组成,一般由电话局提供这种服务。ISDN的基本速率接口(BRI)服务提供2个B信道和1个D信道(2B+D)。BRI的B信道速率为64Kbps,用于传输用户数据。D信道的速率为16Kbps,主要传输控制信号。在北美和日本,ISDN的主速率接口(PRI)提供23个B信道和1个D信道,总速率可达1.544Mbps,其中D信道速率为64Kbps。而在欧洲、澳大利亚等国家,ISDN的PRI提供30个B信道和1个64Kbps?D信道,总速率可达2.048Mbps。我国电话局所提供ISDN?PRI为30B+D。?
2.?基本命令?
任务?命令?
设置ISDN交换类型?isdn?switch-type?switch-type1?
接口设置?interface?bri?0?
设置PPP封装?encapsulation?ppp?
设置协议地址与电话号码的映射?dialer?map?protocol?next-hop-address?[name?hostname]?[broadcast]?[dial-string]?
启动PPP多连接?ppp?multilink?
设置启动另一个B通道的阈值?dialer?load-threshold?load?
显示ISDN有关信息?show?isdn?{active?|?history?|?memory?|?services?|?status?[dsl?|?interface-type?number]?|?timers}?
注:1.交换机类型如下表,国内交换机一般为basic-net3。?
按区域分关键字?交换机类型?
Australia?
basic-ts013?Australian?TS013?switches?
Europe?
basic-1tr6?German?1TR6?ISDN?switches?
basic-nwnet3?Norway?NET3?switches?(phase?1)?
basic-net3?NET3?ISDN?switches?(UK,?Denmark,?and?other?nations);?covers?the?Euro-ISDN?E-DSS1?signalling?system?
primary-net5?NET5?switches?(UK?and?Europe)?
vn2?French?VN2?ISDN?switches?
vn3?French?VN3?ISDN?switches?
Japan?
ntt?Japanese?NTT?ISDN?switches?
primary-ntt?Japanese?ISDN?PRI?switches?
North?America?
basic-5ess?AT&T?basic?rate?switches?
basic-dms100?NT?DMS-100?basic?rate?switches?
basic-ni1?National?ISDN-1?switches?
primary-4ess?AT&T?4ESS?switch?type?for?the?U.S.?(ISDN?PRI?only)?
primary-5ess?AT&T?5ESS?switch?type?for?the?U.S.?(ISDN?PRI?only)?
primary-dms100?NT?DMS-100?switch?type?for?the?U.S.?(ISDN?PRI?only)?
New?Zealand?
basic-nznet3?New?Zealand?Net3?switches?
3.?ISDN实现DDR(dial-on-demand?routing)实例
此主题相关图片如下:

设置如下:?
Router1:?
hostname?router1?
user?router2?password?cisco?
!?
isdn?switch-type?basic-net3?
!?
interface?bri?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.1?255.255.255.0?
encapsulation?ppp?
dialer?map?ip?192.200.10.2?name?router2?572?
dialer?load-threshold?80?
ppp?multilink?
dialer-group?1?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
!?
Router2:?
hostname?router2?
user?router1?password?cisco?
!?
isdn?switch-type?basic-net3?
!?
interface?bri?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.2?255.255.255.0?
encapsulation?ppp?
dialer?map?ip?192.200.10.1?name?router1?571?
dialer?load-threshold?80?
ppp?multilink?
dialer-group?1?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
!?

Cisco路由器同时支持回拨功能,我们将路由器Router1作为Callback?Server,Router2作为Callback?Client。?
与回拨相关命令:?
任务?命令?
映射协议地址和电话号码,并在接口上使用在全局模式下定义的PPP回拨的映射类别。?dialer?map?protocol?address?name?hostname?class?classname?dial-string?
设置接口支持PPP回拨?ppp?callback?accept?
在全局模式下为PPP回拨设置映射类别?map-class?dialer?classname?
通过查找注册在dialer?map里的主机名来决定回拨.?dialer?callback-server?[username]?
设置接口要求PPP回拨?ppp?callback?request?
设置如下:?
Router1:?
hostname?router1?
user?router2?password?cisco?
!?
isdn?switch-type?basic-net3?
!?
interface?bri?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.1?255.255.255.0?
encapsulation?ppp?
dialer?map?ip?192.200.10.2?name?router2?class?s3?572?
dialer?load-threshold?80?
ppp?callback?accept?
ppp?multilink?
dialer-group?1?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
map-class?dialer?s3?
dialer?callback-server?username?
dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
!?
Router2:?
hostname?router2?
user?router1?password?cisco?
!?
isdn?switch-type?basic-net3?
!?
interface?bri?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.2?255.255.255.0?
encapsulation?ppp?
dialer?map?ip?192.200.10.1?name?router1?571?
dialer?load-threshold?80?
ppp?callback?request?
ppp?multilink?
dialer-group?1?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
!?
相关调试命令:?
debug?dialer?
debug?isdn?event?
debug?isdn?q921?
debug?isdn?q931?
debug?ppp?authentication?
debug?ppp?error?
debug?ppp?negotiation?
debug?ppp?packet?
show?dialer?
show?isdn?status?
举例:执行debug?dialer命令观察router2呼叫router1,router1回拨router2的过程.?
router1#debug?dialer?
router2#ping?192.200.10.1?
router1#?
00:03:50:?%LINK-3-UPDOWN:?Interface?BRI0:1,?changed?state?to?up?
00:03:50:?BRI0:1:PPP?callback?Callback?server?starting?to?router2?572?
00:03:50:?BRI0:1:?disconnecting?call?
00:03:50:?%LINK-3-UPDOWN:?Interface?BRI0:1,?changed?state?to?down?
00:03:50:?BRI0:1:?disconnecting?call?
00:03:50:?BRI0:1:?disconnecting?call?
00:03:51:?%LINK-3-UPDOWN:?Interface?BRI0:2,?changed?state?to?up?
00:03:52:?callback?to?router2?already?started?
00:03:52:?BRI0:2:?disconnecting?call?
00:03:52:?%LINK-3-UPDOWN:?Interface?BRI0:2,?changed?state?to?down?
00:03:52:?BRI0:2:?disconnecting?call?
00:03:52:?BRI0:2:?disconnecting?call?
00:04:05:?:?Callback?timer?expired?
00:04:05:?BRI0:beginning?callback?to?router2?572?
00:04:05:?BRI0:?Attempting?to?dial?572?
00:04:05:?Freeing?callback?to?router2?572?
00:04:05:?%LINK-3-UPDOWN:?Interface?BRI0:1,?changed?state?to?up?
00:04:05:?BRI0:1:?No?callback?negotiated?
00:04:05:?%LINK-3-UPDOWN:?Interface?Virtual-Access1,?changed?state?to?up?
00:04:05:?dialer?Protocol?up?for?Vi1?
00:04:06:?%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:?Line?protocol?on?Interface?BRI0:1,?changed?state?
to?up?
00:04:06:?%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:?Line?protocol?on?Interface?Virtual-Access1,?chang?
ed?state?to?up?
00:04:11:?%ISDN-6-CONNECT:?Interface?BRI0:1?is?now?connected?to?572?
#router1?
 ISDN访问首都在线263网实例:

此主题相关图片如下:

本地局部网地址为10.0.0.0/24,属于保留地址,通过NAT地址翻译功能,局域网用户可以通过ISDN上263网访问Internet。263的ISDN电话号码为2633,用户为263,口令为263,所涉及的命令如下表:?
任务?命令?
指定接口通过PPP/IPCP地址协商获得IP地址?ip?address?negotiated?
指定内部和外部端口?ip?nat?{inside?|?outside}?
使用ppp/pap作认证?ppp?authentication?pap?callin?
指定接口属于拨号组1?dialer-group?1?
定义拨号组1允许所有IP协议?dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
设定拨号,号码为2633?dialer?string?2633?
设定登录263的用户名和口令?ppp?pap?sent-username?263?password?263?
设定默认路由?ip?route?0.0.0.0?0.0.0.0?bri?0?
设定符合访问列表2的所有源地址被翻译为bri?0所拥有的地址?ip?nat?inside?source?list?2?interface?bri?0?overload?
设定访问列表2,允许所有协议?access-list?2?permit?any?
具体配置如下:?
hostname?Cisco2503?
!?
isdn?switch-type?basic-net3?
!?
ip?subnet-zero?
no?ip?domain-lookup?
ip?routing?
!?
interface?Ethernet?0?
ip?address?10.0.0.1?255.255.255.0?
ip?nat?inside?
no?shutdown?
!?
interface?Serial?0?
shutdown?
no?description?
no?ip?address?
!?
interface?Serial?1?
shutdown?
no?description?
no?ip?address?
!?
interface?bri?0?
ip?address?negotiated?
ip?nat?outside?
encapsulation?ppp?
ppp?authentication?pap?callin?
ppp?multilink?
dialer-group?1?
dialer?hold-queue?10?
dialer?string?2633?
dialer?idle-timeout?120?
ppp?pap?sent-username?263?password?263?
no?cdp?enable?
no?ip?split-horizon?
no?shutdown?
!?
ip?classless?
!?
!?Static?Routes?
!?
ip?route?0.0.0.0?0.0.0.0?bri?0?
!?
!?Access?Control?List?2?
!?
access-list?2?permit?any?
!?
dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
!?
!?Dynamic?NAT?
!?
ip?nat?inside?source?list?2?interface?bri?0?overload?
snmp-server?community?public?ro?
!?
line?console?0?
exec-timeout?0?0?
!?
line?vty?0?4?
!?
end?
5.?Cisco765M通过ISDN拨号上263?
由于Cisco765的设置命令与我们常用的Cisco路由器的命令不同,所以以下列举了通过Cisco765上263访问Internet的具体命令行设置步骤。?
>set?system?c765?
c765>?set?multidestination?on?
c765>?set?switch?net3?
c765>?set?ppp?multilink?on?
c765>?cd?lan?
c765:LAN>?set?ip?routing?on?
c765:LAN>?set?ip?address?10.0.0.1?
c765:LAN>?set?ip?netmask?255.0.0.0?
c765:LAN>?set?briding?off?
c765:LAN>cd?
c765>?set?user?remotenet?
New?user?remotenet?being?created?
c765:remotenet>?set?ip?routing?on?
c765:remotenet>?set?bridging?off?
c765:remotenet>?set?ip?framing?none?
c765:remotenet>?set?ppp?clientname?263?
c765:remotenet>?set?ppp?password?client?
Enter?new?Password:?263?
Re-Type?new?Password:?263?
c765:remotenet>?set?ppp?authentication?out?none?
c765:remotenet>?set?ip?address?0.0.0.0?
c765:remotenet>?set?ip?netmask?0.0.0.0?
c765:remotenet>?set?ppp?address?negotiation?local?on?
c765:remotenet>?set?ip?pat?on?
c765:remotenet>?set?ip?route?destination?0.0.0.0/0?gateway?0.0.0.0?
c765:remotenet>?set?number?2633?
c765:remotenet>?set?active?
命令描述如下:?
任务?命令?
设置路由器系统名称?set?system?c765?
允许路由器呼叫多个目的地?set?multidestination?on?
设置ISDN交换机类型为NET3?set?switch?net3?
允许点到点间多条通道连接实现负载均衡?set?ppp?multilink?on?
关掉桥接?set?briding?off?
建立用户预制文件用于设置拨号连接参数-?可以设置多个用户预制文件用于相同的物理端口对应于不同的连接。?set?user?remotenet?
使用PPP/IPCP?set?ip?framing?none?
设置上网用户帐号?set?ppp?clientname?263?
设置上网口令?set?ppp?password?clientEnter?new?Password:?263Re-Type?new?Password:?263?
不用PPP/CHAP或PAP做认证?set?ppp?authentication?out?none?
允许地址磋商?set?ppp?address?negotiation?local?on?
设置地址翻译?set?ip?pat?on?
设置默认路由?set?ip?route?destination?0.0.0.0/0?gateway?0.0.0.0?
设置ISP的电话号码?set?number?2633?
激活用户预制文件?set?active?
PSTN?
电话网络(PSTN)是目前普及程度最高、成本最低的公用通讯网络,它在网络互连中也有广泛的应用。电话网络的应用一般可分为两种类型,一种是同等级别机构之间以按需拨号(DDR)的方式实现互连,一种是ISP为拨号上网为用户提供的远程访问服务的功能。?
1.?远程访问

此主题相关图片如下:

Access?Server基本设置:?
选用Cisco2511作为访问服务器,采用IP地址池动态分配地址.远程工作站使用WIN95拨号网络实现连接。?
全局设置:?
任务?命令?
设置用户名和密码?username?username?password?password?
设置用户的IP地址池?ip?local?pool?{default?|?pool-name?low-ip-address?[high-ip-address]}?
指定地址池的工作方式?ip?address-pool?[dhcp-proxy-client?|?local]?
基本接口设置命令:?
任务?命令?
设置封装形式为PPP?encapsulation?ppp?
启动异步口的路由功能?async?default?routing?
设置异步口的PPP工作方式?async?mode?{dedicated?|?interactive}?
设置用户的IP地址?peer?default?ip?address?{ip-address?|?dhcp?|?pool?[pool-name]}?
设置IP地址与Ethernet0相同?ip?unnumbered?ethernet0?
line拨号线设置:?
任务?命令?
设置modem的工作方式?modem?{inout|dialin}?
自动配置modem类型?modem?autoconfig?discovery?
设置拨号线的通讯速率?speed?speed?
设置通讯线路的流控方式?flowcontrol?{none?|?software?[lock]?[in?|?out]?|?hardware?[in?|?out]}?
连通后自动执行命令?autocommand?command?

访问服务器设置如下:?
Router:?
hostname?Router?
enable?secret?5?$1$EFqU$tYLJLrynNUKzE4bx6fmH//?
!?
interface?Ethernet0?
ip?address?10.111.4.20?255.255.255.0?
!?
interface?Async1?
ip?unnumbered?Ethernet0?
encapsulation?ppp?
keepalive?10?
async?mode?interactive?
peer?default?ip?address?pool?Cisco2511-Group-142?
!?
ip?local?pool?Cisco2511-Group-142?10.111.4.21?10.111.4.36?
!?
line?con?0?
exec-timeout?0?0?
password?cisco?
!?
line?1?16?
modem?InOut?
modem?autoconfigure?discovery?
flowcontrol?hardware?
!?
line?aux?0?
transport?input?all?
line?vty?0?4?
password?cisco?
!?
end?
相关调试命令:?
show?interface?
show?line?
1.2.?Access?Server通过Tacacs服务器实现安全认证:?
使用一台WINDOWS?NT服务器作为Tacacs服务器,地址为10.111.4.2,运行Cisco2511随机带的Easy?ACS?1.0软件实现用户认证功能.?
相关设置:?
任务?命令?
激活AAA访问控制?aaa?new-model?
用户登录时默认起用Tacacs+做AAA认证?aaa?authentication?login?default?tacacs+?
列表名为no_tacacs使用ENABLE口令做认证?aaa?authentication?login?no_tacacs?enable?
在运行PPP的串行线上采用Tacacs+做认证?aaa?authentication?ppp?default?tacacs+?
由TACACS+服务器授权运行EXEC?aaa?authorization?exec?tacacs+?
由TACACS+服务器授权与网络相关的服务请求。?aaa?authorization?network?tacacs+?
为EXEC会话运行记帐.进程开始和结束时发通告给TACACS+服务器。?aaa?accounting?exec?start-stop?tacacs+?
为与网络相关的服务需求运行记帐包括SLIP,PPP,PPP?NCPs,ARAP等.在进程开始和结束时发通告给TACACS+服务器。?aaa?accounting?network?start-stop?tacacs+?
指定Tacacs服务器地址?tacacs-server?host?10.111.4.2?
在Tacacs+服务器和访问服务器设定共享的关键字,访问服务器和Tacacs+服务器使用这个关键字去加密口令和响应信息。这里使用tac作为关键字。?tacacs-server?key?tac?
访问服务器设置如下:?
hostname?router?
!?
aaa?new-model?
aaa?authentication?login?default?tacacs+?
aaa?authentication?login?no_tacacs?enable?
aaa?authentication?ppp?default?tacacs+?
aaa?authorization?exec?tacacs+?
aaa?authorization?network?tacacs+?
aaa?accounting?exec?start-stop?tacacs+?
aaa?accounting?network?start-stop?tacacs+?
enable?secret?5?$1$kN4g$CvS4d2.rJzWntCnn/0hvE0?
!?
interface?Ethernet0?
ip?address?10.111.4.20?255.255.255.0?
!?
interface?Serial0?
no?ip?address?
shutdown?
interface?Serial1?
no?ip?address?
shutdown?
!?
interface?Group-Async1?
ip?unnumbered?Ethernet0?
encapsulation?ppp?
async?mode?interactive?
peer?default?ip?address?pool?Cisco2511-Group-142?
no?cdp?enable?
group-range?1?16?
!?
ip?local?pool?Cisco2511-Group-142?10.111.4.21?10.111.4.36?
tacacs-server?host?10.111.4.2?
tacacs-server?key?tac?
!?
line?con?0?
exec-timeout?0?0?
password?cisco?
login?authentication?no_tacacs?
line?1?16?
login?authentication?tacacs?
modem?InOut?
modem?autoconfigure?type?usr_courier?
autocommand?ppp?
transport?input?all?
stopbits?1?
rxspeed?115200?
txspeed?115200?
flowcontrol?hardware?
line?aux?0?
transport?input?all?
line?vty?0?4?
password?cisco?
!?
end?
2.?DDR(dial-on-demand?routing)实例

此主题相关图片如下:

此例通过Cisco?2500系列路由器的aux端口实现异步拨号DDR连接。Router1拨号连接到Router2。其中采用PPP/CHAP做安全认证,在Router1中应建立一个用户,以对端路由器主机名作为用户名,即用户名应为Router2。同时在Router2中应建立一个用户,以对端路由器主机名作为用户名,即用户名应为Router1。所建的这两用户的password必须相同。?
相关命令如下:?
任务?命令?
设置路由器与modem的接口指令?chat-script?script-name?EXPECT?SEND?EXPECT?SEND?(etc.)?
设置端口在挂断前的等待时间?dialer?idle-timeout?seconds?
设置协议地址与电话号码的映射?dialer?map?protocol?next-hop-address?[name?hostname]?[broadcast]?[modem-scriptmodem-regexp]?[system-script?system-regexp]?[dial-string]?
设置电话号码?dialer?string?dial-string?
指定在特定线路下路由器默认?使用的chat-script?script?{dialer|reset}?script-name?
Router1:?
hostname?Router1?
!?
enable?secret?5?$1$QKI7$wXjpFqC74vDAyKBUMallw/?
!?
username?Router2?password?cisco?
chat-script?cisco-default?""?"AT"?TIMEOUT?30?OK?"ATDT?T"?TIMEOUT?30?CONNECT?c?
!?
interface?Ethernet0?
ip?address?10.0.0.1?255.255.255.0?
!?
interface?Async1?
ip?address?192.200.10.1?255.255.255.0?
encapsulation?ppp?
async?default?routing?
async?mode?dedicated?
dialer?in-band?
dialer?idle-timeout?60?
dialer?map?ip?192.200.10.2?name?Router2?modem-script?cisco-default?573?
dialer-group?1?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
ip?route?10.0.1.0?255.255.255.0?192.200.10.2?
dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
!?
line?con?0?
line?aux?0?
modem?InOut?
modem?autoconfigure?discovery?
flowcontrol?hardware?
Router2:?
hostname?Router2?
!?
enable?secret?5?$1$F6EV$5U8puzNt2/o9g.t56PXHo.?
!?
username?Router1?password?cisco?
!?
interface?Ethernet0?
ip?address?10.0.1.1?255.255.255.0?
!?
interface?Async1?
ip?address?192.200.10.2?255.255.255.0?
encapsulation?ppp?
async?default?routing?
async?mode?dedicated?
dialer?in-band?
dialer?idle-timeout?60?
dialer?map?ip?192.200.10.1?name?Router1?
dialer-group?1?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
ip?route?10.0.0.0?255.255.255.0?192.200.10.1?
dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
!?
line?con?0?
line?aux?0?
modem?InOut?
modem?autoconfigure?discovery?
flowcontrol?hardware?
!?
相关调试命令:?
debug?dialer?
debug?ppp?authentication?
debug?ppp?error?
debug?ppp?negotiation?
debug?ppp?packet?
show?dialer?
3.?异步拨号备份DDN专线:

此主题相关图片如下:

此例主连接采用DDN专线,备份线路为电话拨号。当DDN专线连接正常时,主端口S0状态为up,line?protocol亦为up,则备份线路状态为standby,line?protocol为down,此时所有通信均通过主接口进行。当主接口连接发生故障时,端口状态为down,则激活备份接口,完成数据通信。此方法不适合为X.25做备份。因为,配置封装为X.25的接口只要和X.25交换机之间的连接正常其接口及line?protocol的状态亦为?up,它并不考虑其它地方需与之通信的路由器的状态如何,所以若本地路由器状态正常,而对方路由器连接即使发生故障,本地也不会激活备份线路。例4将会描述如何为X.25做拨号备份。?
以下是相关命令:?
任务?命令?
指定主线路改变后,次线路状态发生改变的延迟时间?backup?delay?{enable-delay?|?never}?{disable-delay?|?never}?
指定一个接口作为备份接口?backup?interface?type?number?

hostname?c2522rb?
!?
enable?secret?5?$1$J5vn$ceYDe2FwPhrZi6qsIIz6g0?
enable?password?cisco?
!?
username?c4700?password?0?cisco?
ip?subnet-zero?
chat-script?cisco-default?""?"AT"?TIMEOUT?30?OK?"ATDT?T"?TIMEOUT?30?CONNECT?c?
chat-script?reset?atz?
!?
interface?Ethernet0?
ip?address?16.122.51.254?255.255.255.0?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
!?
interface?Serial0?
backup?delay?10?10?
backup?interface?Serial2?
ip?address?16.250.123.18?255.255.255.252?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
no?fair-queue?
!?
interface?Serial1?
no?ip?address?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
shutdown?
!?
interface?Serial2?
physical-layer?async?
ip?address?16.249.123.18?255.255.255.252?
encapsulation?ppp?
async?mode?dedicated?
dialer?in-band?
dialer?idle-timeout?60?
dialer?map?ip?16.249.123.17?name?c4700?6825179?
dialer-group?1?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
interface?Serial3?
no?ip?address?
shutdown?
no?cdp?enable?
!?
interface?Serial4?
no?ip?address?
shutdown?
no?cdp?enable?
!?
interface?Serial5?
no?ip?address?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
shutdown?
!?
interface?Serial6?
no?ip?address?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
shutdown?
!?
interface?Serial7?
no?ip?address?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
shutdown?
!?
interface?Serial8?
no?ip?address?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
shutdown?
!?
interface?Serial9?
no?ip?address?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
shutdown?
!?
interface?BRI0?
no?ip?address?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
shutdown?
!?
router?eigrp?200?
network?16.0.0.0?
!?
ip?classless?
!?
dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
!?
line?con?0?
line?2?
script?dialer?cisco-default?
script?reset?reset?
modem?InOut?
modem?autoconfigure?discovery?
rxspeed?38400?
txspeed?38400?
flowcontrol?hardware?
line?aux?0?
line?vty?0?4?
password?cisco?
login?
!?
end?
c2522rb#?
4.?异步拨号备份X.25:

此主题相关图片如下:

设置X.25的拨号备份,首先X.25连接的端口必须运行动态路由协议,异步拨号口必须使用静态路由.本例选择EIGRP作为路由选择协议,将静态路由的Metric的值设置为200,由于EIGRP的默认Metric为90,所以当同时有两条路径通往同一网段时,其中Metric值小的路径生效,而当X.25连接出现问题时,路由器无法通过路由协议学习到路由表,则此时静态路由生效,访问通过拨号端口实现。当X.25连接恢复正常时,路由器又可以学习到路由表,则由于?Metric值的不同,静态路由自动被动态路由所代替,这样就实现了备份的功能。?
路由器Router1配置如下:?
hostname?router1?
!?
enable?secret?5?$1$UTvD$99YiY2XsRMxHudcYeHn.Y.?
enable?password?cisco?
!?
username?router2?password?cisco?
ip?subnet-zero?
chat-script?cisco-default?""?"AT"?TIMEOUT?30?OK?"ATDT?T"?TIMEOUT?30?CONNECT?c?
chat-script?reset?atz?
interface?Ethernet0?
ip?address?202.96.38.100?255.255.255.0?
!?
interface?Serial0?
ip?address?202.96.0.1?255.255.255.0?
encapsulation?x25?
x25?address?10112227?
x25?htc?16?
x25?map?ip?202.96.0.2?10112225?broadcast?
!?
interface?Serial1?
no?ip?address?
shutdown?
!?
!?
interface?Async?1?
ip?address?202.96.1.1?255.255.255.252?
encapsulation?ppp?
dialer?in-band?
dialer?idle-timeout?60?
dialer?map?ip?202.96.1.2?name?router2?modem-script?cisco-default?2113470?
dialer-group?1?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
router?eigrp?200?
redistribute?connected?
network?202.96.0.0?
!?
ip?route?202.96.37.0?255.255.255.0?202.96.1.2?200?
dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
line?con?0?
line?aux?0?
script?dialer?cisco-default?
script?reset?reset?
modem?InOut?
modem?autoconfigure?discovery?
transport?input?all?
rxspeed?38400?
txspeed?38400?
flowcontrol?hardware?
line?vty?0?4?
password?cisco?
login?
!?
end?
路由器Router2配置如下:?
hostname?router2?
!?
enable?secret?5?$1$T4IU$2cIqak8f/E4Ug6dLT0k.J0?
enable?password?cisco?
!?
username?router1?password?cisco?
ip?subnet-zero?
chat-script?cisco-default?""?"AT"?TIMEOUT?30?OK?"ATDT?T"?TIMEOUT?30?CONNECT?c?
chat-script?reset?atz?
!?
interface?Ethernet0?
ip?address?202.96.37.100?255.255.255.0?
!?
interface?Serial0?
ip?address?202.96.0.2?255.255.255.0?
no?ip?mroute-cache?
encapsulation?x25?
x25?address?10112225?
x25?htc?16?
x25?map?ip?202.96.0.1?10112227?broadcast?
!?
interface?Serial1?
no?ip?address?
shutdown?
!?
interface?Async1?
ip?address?202.96.1.2?255.255.255.252?
encapsulation?ppp?
keepalive?30?
async?default?routing?
async?mode?dedicated?
dialer?in-band?
dialer?idle-timeout?60?
dialer?wait-for-carrier-time?120?
dialer?map?ip?202.96.1.1?name?router1?modem-script?cisco-default?2113469?
dialer-group?1?
ppp?authentication?chap?
!?
router?eigrp?200?
redistribute?static?
network?202.96.0.0?
!?
no?ip?classless?
ip?route?202.96.38.0?255.255.255.0?202.96.1.1?200?
dialer-list?1?protocol?ip?permit?
!?
line?con?0?
exec-timeout?0?0?
line?aux?0?
script?reset?reset?
modem?InOut?
modem?autoconfigure?discovery?
transport?input?all?
rxspeed?38400?
txspeed?38400?
flowcontrol?hardware?
line?vty?0?4?
password?cisco?
login?
!?
end?
路由协议设置?
二、RIP协议?
RIP(Routing?information?Protocol)是应用较早、使用较普遍的内部网关协议(Interior?Gateway?Protocol,简称IGP),适用于小型同类网络,是典型的距离向量(distance-vector)协议。文档见RFC1058、RFC1723。?
RIP通过广播UDP报文来交换路由信息,每30秒发送一次路由信息更新。RIP提供跳跃计数(hop?count)作为尺度来衡量路由距离,跳跃计数是一个包到达目标所必须经过的路由器的数目。如果到相同目标有二个不等速或不同带宽的路由器,但跳跃计数相同,则RIP认为两个路由是等距离的。RIP最多支持的跳数为15,即在源和目的网间所要经过的最多路由器的数目为15,跳数16表示不可达。?
1.?有关命令?
任务?命令?
指定使用RIP协议?router?rip?
指定RIP版本?version?{1|2}1?
指定与该路由器相连的网络?network?network?
注:1.Cisco的RIP版本2支持验证、密钥管理、路由汇总、无类域间路由(CIDR)和变长子网掩码(VLSMs)?
2.?举例

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1:?
router?rip?
version?2?
network?192.200.10.0?
network?192.20.10.0?
!?
相关调试命令:?
show?ip?protocol?
show?ip?route?
IGRP协议?
IGRP?(Interior?Gateway?Routing?Protocol)是一种动态距离向量路由协议,它由Cisco公司八十年代中期设计。使用组合用户配置尺度,包括延迟、带宽、可靠性和负载。?
缺省情况下,IGRP每90秒发送一次路由更新广播,在3个更新周期内(即270秒),没有从路由中的第一个路由器接收到更新,则宣布路由不可访问。在7个更新周期即630秒后,Cisco?IOS?软件从路由表中清除路由。?
1.?有关命令?
任务?命令?
指定使用RIP协议?router?igrp?autonomous-system1?
指定与该路由器相连的网络?network?network?
指定与该路由器相邻的节点地址?neighbor?ip-address?
注:1、autonomous-system可以随意建立,并非实际意义上的autonomous-system,但运行IGRP的路由器要想交换路由更新信息其autonomous-system需相同。?
2.举例

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1:?
router?igrp?200?
network?192.200.10.0?
network?192.20.10.0?
!?
OSPF协议?
OSPF(Open?Shortest?Path?First)是一个内部网关协议(Interior?Gateway?Protocol,简称IGP),用于在单一自治系统(autonomous?system,AS)内决策路由。与RIP相对,OSPF是链路状态路有协议,而RIP是距离向量路由协议。?
链路是路由器接口的另一种说法,因此OSPF也称为接口状态路由协议。OSPF通过路由器之间通告网络接口的状态来建立链路状态数据库,生成最短路径树,每个OSPF路由器使用这些最短路径构造路由表。?
文档见RFC2178。?
1.?有关命令?
全局设置?
任务?命令?
指定使用OSPF协议?router?ospf?process-id1?
指定与该路由器相连的网络?network?address?wildcard-mask?area?area-id2?
指定与该路由器相邻的节点地址?neighbor?ip-address?
注:1、OSPF路由进程process-id必须指定范围在1-65535,多个OSPF进程可以在同一个路由器上配置,但最好不这样做。多个OSPF进程需要多个OSPF数据库的副本,必须运行多个最短路径算法的副本。process-id只在路由器内部起作用,不同路由器的process-id可以不同。?
2、wildcard-mask?是子网掩码的反码,?网络区域ID?area-id在0-4294967295内的十进制数,也可以是带有IP地址格式的x.x.x.x。当网络区域ID为0或0.0.0.0时为主干域。不同网络区域的路由器通过主干域学习路由信息。?
2.?基本配置举例:

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.1.0.129?255.255.255.192?
!?
interface?serial?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.5?255.255.255.252?
!?
router?ospf?100?
network?192.200.10.4?0.0.0.3?area?0?
network?192.1.0.128?0.0.0.63?area?1?
!?
Router2:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.1.0.65?255.255.255.192?
!?
interface?serial?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.6?255.255.255.252?
!?
router?ospf?200?
network?192.200.10.4?0.0.0.3?area?0?
network?192.1.0.64?0.0.0.63?area?2?
!?
Router3:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.1.0.130?255.255.255.192?
!?
router?ospf?300?
network?192.1.0.128?0.0.0.63?area?1?
!?
Router4:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.1.0.66?255.255.255.192?
!?
router?ospf?400?
network?192.1.0.64?0.0.0.63?area?1?
!?
相关调试命令:?
debug?ip?ospf?events?
debug?ip?ospf?packet?
show?ip?ospf?
show?ip?ospf?database?
show?ip?ospf?interface?
show?ip?ospf?neighbor?
show?ip?route?
3.?使用身份验证?
为了安全的原因,我们可以在相同OSPF区域的路由器上启用身份验证的功能,只有经过身份验证的同一区域的路由器才能互相通告路由信息。?
在默认情况下OSPF不使用区域验证。通过两种方法可启用身份验证功能,纯文本身份验证和消息摘要(md5)身份验证。纯文本身份验证传送的身份验证口令为纯文本,它会被网络探测器确定,所以不安全,不建议使用。而消息摘要(md5)身份验证在传输身份验证口令前,要对口令进行加密,所以一般建议使用此种方法进行身份验证。?
使用身份验证时,区域内所有的路由器接口必须使用相同的身份验证方法。为起用身份验证,必须在路由器接口配置模式下,为区域的每个路由器接口配置口令。?
任务?命令?
指定身份验证?area?area-id?authentication?[message-digest]?
使用纯文本身份验证?ip?ospf?authentication-key?password?
使用消息摘要(md5)身份验证?ip?ospf?message-digest-key?keyid?md5?key?
以下列举两种验证设置的示例,示例的网络分布及地址分配环境与以上基本配置举例相同,只是在Router1和Router2的区域0上使用了身份验证的功能。:?
例1.使用纯文本身份验证?
Router1:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.1.0.129?255.255.255.192?
!?
interface?serial?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.5?255.255.255.252?
ip?ospf?authentication-key?cisco?
!?
router?ospf?100?
network?192.200.10.4?0.0.0.3?area?0?
network?192.1.0.128?0.0.0.63?area?1?
area?0?authentication?
!?
Router2:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.1.0.65?255.255.255.192?
!?
interface?serial?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.6?255.255.255.252?
ip?ospf?authentication-key?cisco?
!?
router?ospf?200?
network?192.200.10.4?0.0.0.3?area?0?
network?192.1.0.64?0.0.0.63?area?2?
area?0?authentication?
!?
例2.消息摘要(md5)身份验证:?
Router1:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.1.0.129?255.255.255.192?
!?
interface?serial?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.5?255.255.255.252?
ip?ospf?message-digest-key?1?md5?cisco?
!?
router?ospf?100?
network?192.200.10.4?0.0.0.3?area?0?
network?192.1.0.128?0.0.0.63?area?1?
area?0?authentication?message-digest?
!?
Router2:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.1.0.65?255.255.255.192?
!?
interface?serial?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.6?255.255.255.252?
ip?ospf?message-digest-key?1?md5?cisco?
!?
router?ospf?200?
network?192.200.10.4?0.0.0.3?area?0?
network?192.1.0.64?0.0.0.63?area?2?
area?0?authentication?message-digest?
!?
相关调试命令:?
debug?ip?ospf?adj?
debug?ip?ospf?events?
重新分配路由?
在实际工作中,我们会遇到使用多个IP路由协议的网络。为了使整个网络正常地工作,必须在多个路由协议之间进行成功的路由再分配。?
以下列举了OSPF与RIP之间重新分配路由的设置范例:

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1的Serial?0端口和Router2的Serial?0端口运行OSPF,在Router1的Ethernet?0端口运行RIP?2,Router3运行RIP2,Router2有指向Router4的192.168.2.0/24网的静态路由,Router4使用默认静态路由。需要在Router1和Router3之间重新分配OSPF和RIP路由,在Router2上重新分配静态路由和直连的路由。?
范例所涉及的命令?
任务?命令?
重新分配直连的路由?redistribute?connected?
重新分配静态路由?redistribute?static?
重新分配ospf路由?redistribute?ospf?process-id?metric?metric-value?
重新分配rip路由?redistribute?rip?metric?metric-value?
Router1:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.168.1.1?255.255.255.0?
!?
interface?serial?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.5?255.255.255.252?
!?
router?ospf?100?
redistribute?rip?metric?10?
network?192.200.10.4?0.0.0.3?area?0?
!?
router?rip?
version?2?
redistribute?ospf?100?metric?1?
network?192.168.1.0?
!?
Router2:?
interface?loopback?1?
ip?address?192.168.3.2?255.255.255.0?
!?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.168.0.2?255.255.255.0?
!?
interface?serial?0?
ip?address?192.200.10.6?255.255.255.252?
!?
router?ospf?200?
redistribute?connected?subnet?
redistribute?static?subnet?
network?192.200.10.4?0.0.0.3?area?0?
!?
ip?route?192.168.2.0?255.255.255.0?192.168.0.1?
!?
Router3:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.168.1.2?255.255.255.0?
!?
router?rip?
version?2?
network?192.168.1.0?
!?
Router4:?
interface?ethernet?0?
ip?address?192.168.0.1?255.255.255.0?
!?
interface?ethernet?1?
ip?address?192.168.2.1?255.255.255.0?
!?
ip?route?0.0.0.0?0.0.0.0?192.168.0.2?
!?
IPX协议设置?
IPX协议与IP协议是两种不同的网络层协议,它们的路由协议也不一样,IPX的路由协议不象IP的路由协议那样丰富,所以设置起来比较简单。但IPX协议在以太网上运行时必须指定封装形式。?
1.?有关命令?
启动IPX路由?ipx?routing?
设置IPX网络及以太网封装形式?ipx?network?network?[encapsulation?encapsulation-type]1?
指定路由协议,默认为RIP?ipx?router?{eigrp?autonomous-system-number?|?nlsp?[tag]?|?rip}?
注:1.network?范围是1?到FFFFFFFD.?
IPX封装类型列表?
接口类型?封装类型?IPX帧类型?
Ethernet?novell-ether?(默认)arpasapsnap?Ethernet_802.3Ethernet_IIEthernet_802.2Ethernet_Snap?
Token?Ring?sap?(默认)snap?Token-RingToken-Ring_Snap?
FDDI?snap?(默认)sapnovell-fddi?Fddi_SnapFddi_802.2Fddi_Raw?
举例:?
在此例中,WAN的IPX网络为3a00,Router1所连接的局域网IPX网络号为2a00,在此局域网有一台Novell服务器,IPX网络号也是2a00,?路由器接口的IPX网络号必须与在同一网络的Novell服务器上设置的IPX网络号相同。路由器通过监听SAP来建立已知的服务及自己的网络地址表,并每60秒发送一次自己的SAP表。

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1:?
ipx?routing?
interface?ethernet?0?
ipx?network?2a00?encapsulation?sap?
!?
interface?serial?0?
ipx?network?3a00?
!?
ipx?router?eigrp?10?
network?3a00?
network?2a00?
!?
Router2:?
ipx?routing?
interface?ethernet?0?
ipx?network?2b00?encapsulation?sap?
!?
interface?serial?0?
ipx?network?3a00?
!?
ipx?router?eigrp?10?
network?2b00?
network?3a00?
!?
相关调试命令:?
debug?ipx?packet?
debug?ipx?routing?
debug?ipx?sap?
debug?ipx?spoof?
debug?ipx?spx?
show?ipx?eigrp?interfaces?
show?ipx?eigrp?neighbors?
show?ipx?eigrp?topology?
show?ipx?interface?
show?ipx?route?
show?ipx?servers?
show?ipx?spx-spoof?
服务质量及访问控制?
协议优先级设置?
1.有关命令?
任务?命令?
设置优先级表项目?priority-list?list-number?protocol?protocol?{high?|?medium?|?normal?|?low}?queue-keyword?keyword-value?
使用指定的优先级表?priority-group?list-number

此主题相关图片如下:

举例?
Router1:?
priority-list?1?protocol?ip?high?tcp?telnet?
priority-list?1?protocol?ip?low?tcp?ftp?
priority-list?1?default?normal?
interface?serial?0?
priority-group?1?
队列定制?
1.有关命令?
任务?命令?
设置队列表中包含协议?queue-list?list-number?protocol?protocol-name?queue-number?queue-keyword?keyword-value?
设置队列表中队列的大小?queue-list?list-number?queue?queue-number?byte-count?byte-count-number?
使用指定的队列表?custom-queue-list?list?

2.举例

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1:?
queue-list?1?protocol?ip?0?tcp?telnet?
queue-list?1?protocol?ip?1?tcp?www?
queue-list?1?protocol?ip?2?tcp?ftp?
queue-list?1?queue?0?byte-count?300?
queue-list?1?queue?1?byte-count?200?
queue-list?1?queue?2?byte-count?100?
interface?serial?0?
custom-queue-list?1?
访问控制?
1.有关命令?
任务?命令?
设置访问表项目?access-list?list?{permit?|?deny}?address?mask?
设置队列表中队列的大小?queue-list?list-number?queue?queue-number?byte-count?byte-count-number?
使用指定的访问表?ip?access-group?list?{in?|?out}?
2.举例

此主题相关图片如下:

Router1:?
access-list?1?deny?192.1.3.0?0.0.0.255?
access-list?1?permit?any?
interface?serial?0?
ip?access-group?1?in
第五章?虚拟局域网(VLAN)路由?
虚拟局域网(VLAN)?
当前在我们构造企业网络时所采用的主干网络技术一般都是基于交换和虚拟网络的。交换技术将共享介质改为独占介质,大大提高网络速度。虚拟网络技术打破了地理环境的制约,在不改动网络物理连接的情况下可以任意将工作站在工作组或子网之间移动,工作站组成逻辑工作组或虚拟子网,提高信息系统的运作性能,均衡网络数据流量,合理利用硬件及信息资源。同时,利用虚拟网络技术,大大减轻了网络管理和维护工作的负担,降低网络维护费用。随着虚拟网络技术的应用,随之必然产生了在虚拟网间如何通讯的问题.?
交换机间链路(ISL)协议?
ISL(Interior?Switching?Link)协议用于实现交换机间的VLAN中继。它是一个信息包标记协议,在支持ISL接口上发送的帧由一个标准以太网帧及相关的VLAN信息组成。如下图所示,在支持ISL的接口上可以传送来自不同VLAN的数据。

此主题相关图片如下:

虚拟局域网(VLAN)路由实例?
3.1.?例一:

此主题相关图片如下:

设备选用Catalyst5500交换机1台,安装WS-X5530-E3管理引擎,多块WS-X5225R及WS-X5302路由交换模块,WS-X5302被直接插入交换机,通过二个通道与系统背板上的VLAN?相连,从用户角度看认为它是1个1接口的模块,此接口支持ISL。在交换机内划有3个虚拟网,分别名为default、qbw、rgw,通过WS-X5302实现虚拟网间路由。?
以下加重下横线部分,如set?system?name?5500C为需设置的命令。?
设置如下:?
Catalyst?5500配置:?
begin?
set?password?$1$FMFQ$HfZR5DUszVHIRhrz4h6V70?
set?enablepass?$1$FMFQ$HfZR5DUszVHIRhrz4h6V70?
set?prompt?Console>?
set?length?24?default?
set?logout?20?
set?banner?motd?^C^C?
!?
#system?
set?system?baud?9600?
set?system?modem?disable?
set?system?name?5500C?
set?system?location?
set?system?contact?
!?
#ip?
set?interface?sc0?1?10.230.4.240?255.255.255.0?10.230.4.255?
set?interface?sc0?up?
set?interface?sl0?0.0.0.0?0.0.0.0?
set?interface?sl0?up?
set?arp?agingtime?1200?
set?ip?redirect?enable?
set?ip?unreachable?enable?
set?ip?fragmentation?enable?
set?ip?route?0.0.0.0?10.230.4.15?1?
set?ip?alias?default?0.0.0.0?
!?
#Command?alias?
!?
#vtp?
set?vtp?domain?hne?
set?vtp?mode?server?
set?vtp?v2?disable?
set?vtp?pruning?disable?
set?vtp?pruneeligible?2-1000?
clear?vtp?pruneeligible?1001-1005?
set?vlan?1?name?default?type?ethernet?mtu?1500?said?100001?state?active?
set?vlan?777?name?rgw?type?ethernet?mtu?1500?said?100777?state?active?
set?vlan?888?name?qbw?type?ethernet?mtu?1500?said?100888?state?active?
set?vlan?1002?name?fddi-default?type?fddi?mtu?1500?said?101002?state?active?
set?vlan?1004?name?fddinet-default?type?fddinet?mtu?1500?said?101004?state?active?bridge?0x0?stp?ieee?
set?vlan?1005?name?trnet-default?type?trbrf?mtu?1500?said?101005?state?active?bridge?0x0?stp?ibm?
set?vlan?1003?name?token-ring-default?type?trcrf?mtu?1500?said?101003?state?active?parent?0?ring?0x0?mode?srb?aremaxhop?7?stemaxhop?7?
!?
#set?boot?command?
set?boot?config-register?0x102?
set?boot?system?flash?bootflash:cat5000-sup3.4-3-1a.bin?
!?
#module?1?:?2-port?1000BaseLX?Supervisor?
set?module?name?1?
set?vlan?1?1/1-2?
set?port?enable?1/1-2?
!?
#module?2?:?empty?
!?
#module?3?:?24-port?10/100BaseTX?Ethernet?
set?module?name?3?
set?module?enable?3?
set?vlan?1?3/1-22?
set?vlan?777?3/23?
set?vlan?888?3/24?
set?trunk?3/1?on?isl?1-1005?
#module?4?empty?
!?
#module?5?empty?
!?
#module?6?:?1-port?Route?Switch?
set?module?name?6?
set?port?level?6/1?normal?
set?port?trap?6/1?disable?
set?port?name?6/1?
set?cdp?enable?6/1?
set?cdp?interval?6/1?60?
set?trunk?6/1?on?isl?1-1005?
!?
#module?7?:?24-port?10/100BaseTX?Ethernet?
set?m

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ,链接:http://blog.itpub.net/8566247/viewspace-888204/,如需转载,请注明出处,否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/8566247/viewspace-888204/

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