python基础练习

#例1.1
print("Run the Code in this cell")

Run the Code in this cell

#例1.2 显示当前numpy库的版本号和配置信息
import numpy as np
print(np.__version__)
print(np.show_config())

1.18.5
blas_mkl_info:
libraries = [‘mkl_rt’]
library_dirs = [‘E:/anaconda3\Library\lib’]
define_macros = [(‘SCIPY_MKL_H’, None), (‘HAVE_CBLAS’, None)]
include_dirs = [‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl’, ‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl\include’, ‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl\lib’, ‘E:/anaconda3\Library\include’]
blas_opt_info:
libraries = [‘mkl_rt’]
library_dirs = [‘E:/anaconda3\Library\lib’]
define_macros = [(‘SCIPY_MKL_H’, None), (‘HAVE_CBLAS’, None)]
include_dirs = [‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl’, ‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl\include’, ‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl\lib’, ‘E:/anaconda3\Library\include’]
lapack_mkl_info:
libraries = [‘mkl_rt’]
library_dirs = [‘E:/anaconda3\Library\lib’]
define_macros = [(‘SCIPY_MKL_H’, None), (‘HAVE_CBLAS’, None)]
include_dirs = [‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl’, ‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl\include’, ‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl\lib’, ‘E:/anaconda3\Library\include’]
lapack_opt_info:
libraries = [‘mkl_rt’]
library_dirs = [‘E:/anaconda3\Library\lib’]
define_macros = [(‘SCIPY_MKL_H’, None), (‘HAVE_CBLAS’, None)]
include_dirs = [‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl’, ‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl\include’, ‘C:\Program Files (x86)\IntelSWTools\compilers_and_libraries_2019.0.117\windows\mkl\lib’, ‘E:/anaconda3\Library\include’]
None

#2.1 数值类型不可改变

i = 3
print(id(i))
i += 1
print(id(i)) #可以看出不是原有的int对象增加1，而是重新创建了一个int对象，其值为4

140721426478944
140721426478976

#2.2 python语言综合示例--天天学习，天天向上
import random
def fib_loop(n):
    listNum=[]
    a,b=0,1
    for i in range(n):
        a,b = b, a + b
        listNum.append(a)
        print(i,listNum)
    return listNum
listPlan=['吃零食','学习','学习','学习','看电影','学习','旅游','睡觉','学习']
listNum=fib_loop(6)
varIdx=random.randint(0,5)
varRandom=listNum[varIdx]
print('今日计划：',listPlan[varRandom])

0 [1]
1 [1, 1]
2 [1, 1, 2]
3 [1, 1, 2, 3]
4 [1, 1, 2, 3, 5]
5 [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8]
今日计划： 学习

#2.3 字符串的访问
str = 'picture'
print(str[1:3])   #第2，3个字符
print(str[-3:-1]) #倒数2，3个字符
print(str[3:-1])  #正数第4到倒数第二个字符
print(str[-6:7])  #倒数第6到正数第七个字符
print(str[2:])    #第三个字符开始的所有字符
print(str * 2)    #输出两次字符串
print(str + "TEST")#连接字符串

ic
ur
tur
icture
cture
picturepicture
pictureTEST

#2.4 字符串赋值
word = 'python'
print(word[0],word[5])
print(word[-1],word[-6])
word = 'Qython'   #使用重新赋值语句修改字符串的内容
print(word[0],word[5])
print(word[-1],word[-6])

p n
n p
Q n
n Q

#2.5 列表的访问
list = ['a',56,1.13,'HelloWorld',[7,8,9]]
print(list)         
print(list[4])
print(list[-2:5])
print(list[2:])

[‘a’, 56, 1.13, ‘HelloWorld’, [7, 8, 9]]
[7, 8, 9]
[‘HelloWorld’, [7, 8, 9]]
[1.13, ‘HelloWorld’, [7, 8, 9]]

#2.6 列表元素的修改
a=[1,2,3,4,5,6]
a[0]=9       #修改第一个数为0
print(a)
a.append(7)  #列表末尾追加7
print(a)
a[2:5] = []  #将第三到第五个元素值设置为空值
print(a)
a.pop(2)     #将第三个元素移除
print(a)

[9, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
[9, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
[9, 2, 6, 7]
[9, 2, 7]

#2.7 列表的遍历
lis = ['蚂蚱','螳螂','蝈蝈','蝗虫','蛐蛐']
#（1）直接遍历
for item in lis:
    print(item)
#（2）按索引遍历
for i in enumerate(lis):
    print(i)
#（3）对于列表类型，还有一种通过下标遍历的方式，如使用range()
for i in range(len(lis)):
    print(lis[i])

蚂蚱
螳螂
蝈蝈
蝗虫
蛐蛐
(0, ‘蚂蚱’)
(1, ‘螳螂’)
(2, ‘蝈蝈’)
(3, ‘蝗虫’)
(4, ‘蛐蛐’)
蚂蚱
螳螂
蝈蝈
蝗虫
蛐蛐

#2.8 元组的访问
tuple=('SpiderMan',2017,33.4,'Homecoming',14)
tinytuple=(16,'Marvel')
print(tuple)      #输出完整元组
print(tuple[0])   #输出元组的第一个元素
print(tuple[3:4]) #输出第四个元素
print(tuple + tinytuple) #连接元组

(‘SpiderMan’, 2017, 33.4, ‘Homecoming’, 14)
SpiderMan
(‘Homecoming’,)
(‘SpiderMan’, 2017, 33.4, ‘Homecoming’, 14, 16, ‘Marvel’)

#2.9 修改元组中的List类型数据项（虽然元组的元素不可改变，但如果元组内部的数据项可变，则可以修改）
tuple =([16,'Marvel'],'SpiderMan',2017,33.4,'Homecoming',14,)
print(tuple[0])
tuple[0][0]='Marvel'
tuple[0][1]='16'
print(tuple)

[16, ‘Marvel’]
([‘Marvel’, ‘16’], ‘SpiderMan’, 2017, 33.4, ‘Homecoming’, 14)

#2.10 字典的访问
dict = {'Name':'Mary','Age':7,'Class':'First'};
print(dict);
print("Name:",dict['Name'])
print("Age:",dict['Age'])

{‘Name’: ‘Mary’, ‘Age’: 7, ‘Class’: ‘First’}
Name: Mary
Age: 7