C++ Primer: Chapter 7 Class

Code

my_sales_data类

在my_sales_data.h中：

#ifndef MY_SALES_DATA_H
#define MY_SALES_DATA_H

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
class my_sales_data
{
public:
	//构造函数（声明）
	//my_sales_data() : units_sold(0), revenue(0.0) {}; //使用类内初始值
	my_sales_data(std::string s) : bookNo(s) {};
	my_sales_data(std::string s, unsigned n, double r) : bookNo(s), units_sold(n), revenue(r) { std::cout << 'a' << std::endl; };
	my_sales_data() : my_sales_data("1001", 0, 0) { std::cout << 'b' << std::endl; }; //使用委托构造函数
	my_sales_data(std::istream&);
	//成员函数（声明）
	my_sales_data& combine(const my_sales_data&);
	inline double avg_price() const;

	//成员函数（声明）
	std::string isbn() const { return bookNo; }

private:
	//成员变量
	std::string bookNo;
	unsigned units_sold = 0;
	double revenue = 0.0;

	//友元函数
	friend my_sales_data add(const my_sales_data&, const my_sales_data&);
	friend std::ostream& print(std::ostream&, const my_sales_data&);
	friend std::istream& read(std::istream&, my_sales_data&);
};

//非成员接口函数（声明）
my_sales_data add(const my_sales_data&, const my_sales_data&);
std::ostream& print(std::ostream&, const my_sales_data&);
std::istream& read(std::istream&, my_sales_data&);

#endif

在my_sales_data.cpp中：

#include"my_sales_data.h"

//===== 构造函数 =====
my_sales_data::my_sales_data(std::istream& is)
{
	read(is, *this);
}

//===== 成员函数 =====
inline double my_sales_data::avg_price() const
{
	if (units_sold)
		return revenue / units_sold;
	else
		return 0;
}

my_sales_data& my_sales_data::combine(const my_sales_data& rhs)
{
	units_sold += rhs.units_sold;
	revenue += rhs.revenue;
	return *this;
}

//===== 非成员接口函数 ======

std::istream& read(std::istream& is, my_sales_data& item)
{
	double price = 0;
	is >> item.bookNo >> item.units_sold >> price;
	item.revenue = item.units_sold * price;
	return is;
}

std::ostream& print(std::ostream& os, const my_sales_data & item)
{
	os << item.bookNo << " " << item.units_sold << " " << item.revenue << " " << item.avg_price();
	return os;
}

my_sales_data add(const my_sales_data& lhs, const my_sales_data& rhs)
{
	my_sales_data sum = lhs;
	sum.combine(rhs);
	return sum;
}

Homework

person 类

在person.h中：

#pragma once

#include<iostream>
#include<string>

struct person 
{
	friend std::istream& read(std::istream& is, person& p);
	friend std::ostream& print(std::ostream& os, const person& p);
public:
	person() = default;
	person(std::string& n, std::string& a) : name(n), address(a){};
	explicit person(std::istream&);

	auto get_name() const -> std::string const& { return name; }
	auto get_address() const -> std::string const& { return address; }

private:

	std::string name;
	std::string address;
};

std::istream& read(std::istream& is, person& p);
std::ostream& print(std::ostream& os, const person& p);

在person.cpp中：

#include"person.h"

//===== 构造函数 =====
person::person(std::istream& is)
{
	read(is, *this);
}

//===== 非成员接口函数 =====
std::istream& read(std::istream& is, person& p)
{
	is >> p.name >> p.address;
	return is;
}

std::ostream& print(std::ostream& os, const person& p)
{
	os << p.get_name() << " " << p.get_address();
	return os;
}

screen类

在window_mgr.h中：

#pragma once
#include<vector>
#include<string>

class screen;

class window_mgr
{
public:
	typedef std::vector<screen>::size_type screenIndex;
	void clear(screenIndex);

private:
	std::vector<screen> screens;
};

在screen.h中：

#pragma once

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include"window_mgr.h"

class screen
{
	friend void window_mgr::clear(screenIndex);
public: 
	typedef std::string::size_type pos;

	screen() = default;
	screen(pos ht, pos wd) :height(ht), width(wd), contents(ht* wd, ' ') {};
	screen(pos ht, pos wd, char c) :height(ht), width(wd), contents(ht * wd, c){};

	char get() const { return contents[cursor]; }
	inline char get(pos, pos) const;
	screen& move(pos, pos);
	screen& set(char);
	screen& set(pos, pos, char);

	screen& display(std::ostream& os) { do_display(os); return *this; }
	const screen& display(std::ostream& os) const { do_display(os); return *this; }

private:
	pos cursor = 0;
	pos height = 0, width = 0;
	std::string contents;

	void do_display(std::ostream& os) const { os << contents; }
};

在screen.cpp中：

#include"screen.h"

inline char screen::get(pos r, pos c) const
{
	pos row = r * width;
	return contents[row + c];
}

screen& screen::move(pos r, pos c)
{
	pos row = r * width;
	cursor = row + c;
	return *this;
}

screen& screen::set(char c)
{
	contents[cursor] = c; //设置光标位置的字符
	return *this;
}

screen& screen::set(pos r, pos c, char a)
{
	contents[r * width + c] = a; //设置r行c列的字符
	return *this;
}

void window_mgr::clear(screenIndex i)
{
	screen& s = screens[i];
	s.contents = std::string(s.height * s.width, ' ');
}