Java递归获取权限树结构数据

先上代码
首先权限数据结构

package com.sakura.user.vo;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import com.sakura.common.api.Update;
import com.sakura.common.base.BaseEntity;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * 权限表
 *
 * @author Sakura
 * @since 2023-08-28
 */
@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@ApiModel(value = "权限信息")
public class PermissionVo extends BaseEntity {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @NotNull(message = "id不能为空", groups = {Update.class})
    @ApiModelProperty("自增ID")
    private Integer id;

    @ApiModelProperty("父ID，顶层为0")
    private Integer parentId;

    @ApiModelProperty("权限code")
    private String code;

    @ApiModelProperty("权限名称")
    private String name;

    @ApiModelProperty("请求url")
    private String url;

    @ApiModelProperty("类型：菜单menu 按钮button")
    private String type;

    @ApiModelProperty("描述")
    private String description;

    @ApiModelProperty("是否是公共权限： 1是 0否")
    private Integer isPublic;

    @ApiModelProperty("创建时间")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", timezone = "GMT+8")
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    private Date createDt;

}

然后对应的权限树数据结构和上面那个差不多，就多了个list用来装子权限的

package com.sakura.user.vo;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import com.sakura.common.api.Update;
import com.sakura.common.base.BaseEntity;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModel;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;

import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 权限表
 *
 * @author Sakura
 * @since 2023-08-28
 */
@Data
@Accessors(chain = true)
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true)
@ApiModel(value = "权限树信息")
public class PermissionTreeVo extends BaseEntity {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @NotNull(message = "id不能为空", groups = {Update.class})
    @ApiModelProperty("自增ID")
    private Integer id;

    @ApiModelProperty("父ID，顶层为0")
    private Integer parentId;

    @ApiModelProperty("权限code")
    private String code;

    @ApiModelProperty("权限名称")
    private String name;

    @ApiModelProperty("请求url")
    private String url;

    @ApiModelProperty("类型：菜单menu 按钮button")
    private String type;

    @ApiModelProperty("描述")
    private String description;

    @ApiModelProperty("是否是公共权限： 1是 0否")
    private Integer isPublic;

    @ApiModelProperty("创建时间")
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", timezone = "GMT+8")
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    private Date createDt;

    @ApiModelProperty("子权限")
    private List<PermissionTreeVo> childList;

}

Controller的方法

	@GetMapping("/tree/{parentId}")
    @OperationLog(name = "权限树", type = OperationLogType.PAGE)
    @ApiOperation(value = "权限树 顶层parentId为0", response = Permission.class)
    public ApiResult<List<PermissionTreeVo>> getPermissionTree(@PathVariable("parentId") Integer parentId) throws Exception {
        List<PermissionTreeVo> permissionTreeVos = permissionService.getPermissionTree(parentId);
        return ApiResult.ok(permissionTreeVos);
    }

Service方法

	@Override
    public List<PermissionTreeVo> getPermissionTree(Integer parentId) throws Exception {
        // 先获取所有的权限
        List<PermissionVo> permissionVos = permissionMapper.findAllPermission();
        // 递归遍历所有权限信息
        int num = 0; // 添加一个遍历层数，防止数据异常导致递归死循环
        List<PermissionTreeVo> permissionTreeVos = getChildPermissions(parentId, permissionVos, num);
        return permissionTreeVos;
    }

   /**
    * @description: 递归获取子权限
    * @param parentId 父ID
    * @param permissionVos 所有权限集合
    * @param num 最大遍历层数
    * @author: Sakura
    * @date: 2023/8/28 16:18
    */
    private List<PermissionTreeVo> getChildPermissions(Integer parentId, List<PermissionVo> permissionVos, int num) throws Exception {
        num++;// 控制遍历次数，防止因数据问题导致无限循环内存溢出，目前最大支持5层
        if (num > 5) {
            log.error("权限信息异常parentId：" + parentId);
            throw new BusinessException(500, "权限数据异常，请联系管理人员");
        }

        List<PermissionTreeVo> resultList = new ArrayList<>();

        for (PermissionVo permissionVo : permissionVos) {
            if (parentId.equals(permissionVo.getParentId())) {
                PermissionTreeVo permissionTreeVo = new PermissionTreeVo();
                BeanUtils.copyProperties(permissionVo, permissionTreeVo);
                // 通过当前ID获取子权限
                List<PermissionTreeVo> childPermissionTreeVos = getChildPermissions(permissionVo.getId(), permissionVos, num);
                permissionTreeVo.setChildList(childPermissionTreeVos);

                resultList.add(permissionTreeVo);
            }
        }

        return resultList;
    }

Mapper主要是为了拿到所有权限

	<select id="findAllPermission" resultType="com.sakura.user.vo.PermissionVo" >
        SELECT id, parent_id, code, name, url, type, description, is_public, create_dt
        FROM t_permission
        WHERE status = 1
    </select>

注意我这里是先拿到所有权限然后在程序里面再去遍历数据的，还有一种写法是每次都根据parentId去数据库查，我试过了，因为访问数据库次数太多速度上慢很多，不建议使用！