SpringMVC（一）Hello World

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 14:13:20 发布

ClarkKentYang

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-14 14:13:20 发布

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分类专栏： SpringMVC 文章标签： spring springMVC Java spring mvc 框架

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/clarkkentyang/article/details/52336776

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一、导入jar包

二、web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet

	<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

三、springmvc.xml 的配置信息

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">
		
		<!-- 配置处理器映射器：springmvc默认处理器映射
			BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping：根据bean(自定义的Controller)的name属性的url去寻找执行类Controller
		 -->
		<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping">	
		</bean>
		
		<!-- 配置处理器适配器(springmvc默认处理器适配器)：负责执行UserController -->
		<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
		
		<!-- 配置自定义bean:UserController -->
		<bean name="/hello.do" class="com.milan.controller.UserController"></bean>
		
		<!-- 配置视图解析器：解析出真正的物理视图(前缀+逻辑视图+后缀) -->
		<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
			<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsps/"></property>
			<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
		</bean>
</beans>

四、handler配置如下

package com.milan.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

public class UserController implements Controller{

	@Override
	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
		//接受请求，处理请求，返回结果
		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
		mv.addObject("hello","I love milan too");
		//设置物理视图
		//mv.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsps/index.jsp");
		//设置逻辑视图
		mv.setViewName("index");
		
		return mv;
	}
}

五、前台jsp

  <body>
    ${hello }
  </body>

六、三个处理器映射器

1. BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping

根据bean的name所对应的的类寻找到handler，即例子中的UserController

2. SimpleUrlHandlerMapping

通过访问的地址匹配bean的id，寻找到handler

<!-- 简单url处理器映射,通过value值通过查找匹配的bean的id获得 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
		<property name="mappings">
			<props>
				<prop key="/simple.do">userController</prop>
				<prop key="/test.do">userController</prop>
				<prop key="/milan.do">userController</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
		
	<!-- 配置自定义bean:UserController -->
	<bean id="userController" name="/hello.do" class="com.milan.controller.UserController"></bean>

3. ControllerClassHandlerMapping

<!-- 直接使用类名进行访问，格式为类名小写.do -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"></bean>

注意：三个处理器映射器可以共存

七、两个处理器适配器

1. SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter

负责执行handler

<!-- 配置处理器适配器(springmvc默认处理器适配器)：负责执行UserController -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>

2. HttpRequestHandlerAdapter

负责执行实现了接口HttpRequestHandler的Handler

<!-- 配置HttpRequestHandlerAdapter,用来处理实现HttpRequestHandler接口的Handler -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.HttpRequestHandlerAdapter"></bean>

httpController代码：

public class HttpController implements HttpRequestHandler{

	@Override
	public void handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		request.setAttribute("hello", "HttpRequestHandler");
		//设置的跳转的物理视图路径
		request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsps/index.jsp").forward(request, response);
	}

}