About Static Data Dictionary Views

1.静态数据字典视图：

Data dictionary tables are not directly accessible, but you can access information in them through data dictionary views. To list the data dictionary views available to you, query the view DICTIONARY.

数据字典不能够直接访问，但是你能够通过数据字典视图得到里面的信息。   通过查询数据字典视图，列出各类信息

Many data dictionary tables have three corresponding views:

许多数据字典表有三张对应的视图。

An ALL_ view displays all the information accessible to the current user, including information from the current user's schema as well as information from objects in other schemas, if the current user has access to those objects by way of grants of privileges or roles.

一种是以ALL_开头的，包含了当前用户所有能够访问到的信息。包括当前用户的 schemas也包括其它的 schemas：允许当前用户有权访问的那些对象或者

A DBA_ view displays all relevant information in the entire database. DBA_ views are intended only for administrators. They can be accessed only by users with the SELECT ANY TABLE privilege. This privilege is assigned to the DBA role when the system is initially installed.

一种是以DBA_开头的，包含了整个数据库相关的信息，DBA_开头的视图一般只给adminiistator 管理员用户使用，它们只能被通过获得了SELECT ANY TABLE  权限的用户查询到， 这种权限在建立数据库的时候会指定给dba 这个角色。

A USER_ view displays all the information from the schema of the current user. No special privileges are required to query these views.

一种是以USER_开头的，所有的信息都是来自与当前用户的schema，当前用户查询这些视图不需要特殊的权限

The columns of the ALL_, DBA_, and USER_ views corresponding to a single data dictionary table are usually nearly identical. 

ALL_ ，DBA_ 和USER_ 这些视图通常列出的结果是一个非常相似的数据。

About Dynamic Performance Views

V$ Views

The actual dynamic performance views are identified by the prefix V_$. Public synonyms for these views have the prefix V$. Database administrators and other users should access only the V$ objects, not the V_$ objects.

The dynamic performance views are used by Oracle Enterprise Manager, which is the primary interface for accessing information about system performance. After an instance is started, the V$ views that read from memory are accessible. Views that read data from disk require that the database be mounted, and some require that the database be open.

GV$ Views

For almost every V$ view described in this chapter, Oracle has a corresponding GV$ (global V$) view. In Real Application Clusters, querying a GV$ view retrieves the V$ view information from all qualified instances. In addition to the V$ information, each GV$ view contains an extra column named INST_ID of datatype NUMBER. The INST_ID column displays the instance number from which the associated V$ view information was obtained. The INST_ID column can be used as a filter to retrieve V$ information from a subset of available instances. For example, the following query retrieves the information from the V$LOCK view on instances 2 and 5:

另：

• DBA_ / USER_ / ALL_ views are built on the data dictionary - they're not available if the database is not mounted and opened.

• V$_.. views are dynamic performance dirctionary views, where as user_.., all_.. and dba_.. view are static performance dirctionary views. i.e. V$ views are get updated from control files and memory but to update dictionary information for user_, all_ and dba_ view you may need to analyze the object.

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/26764973/viewspace-741923/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/26764973/viewspace-741923/