ORA-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error

--停止oracle服务
net stop oracleserviceorcl

--连接oracle实例报ora-12560
C:\Users\123>sqlplus sys/system as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Mar 14 11:31:50 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error

--启动oracle服务
C:\Users\123>net start oracleserviceorcl
OracleServiceORCL 服务正在启动 .
OracleServiceORCL 服务已经启动成功。

--正常连接到oracle
C:\Users\123>sqlplus sys/system as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Mar

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights rese

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup pfile=d:\pfileora
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  217157632 bytes
Fixed Size                  2174320 bytes
Variable Size             159384208 bytes
Database Buffers           50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers                5267456 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

小结：发生ora-12560错误的原因
    1,oracle监听未启动
    2,oracle服务进程未启动
    3,未配置正确的oracle_sid

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