Vue中的nextTick源码分析

1）首先nextTick是可以传两个参数: 回调函数 和 环境对象

（2）nextTick做了什么：把传入的函数放入callback数组，并且执行timerFunc函数

（3）timerFunc函数： 去判断当前环境是否支持原生Promise，原生MutationObserver，试图把回调放入微任务队列去执行，如果不支持，则检查是否支持setImmediate，不支持就用setTimeout。就是对环境进行一个降级处理，去执行flushCallbacks函数

（4）flushCallbacks函数：就是for循环执行callback队列

const callbacks = []
let pending = false
let timerFunc

export function nextTick (cb?: Function, ctx?: Object) {
  let _resolve
  callbacks.push(() => {
    if (cb) {
      try {
        cb.call(ctx)
      } catch (e) {
        handleError(e, ctx, 'nextTick')
      }
    } else if (_resolve) {
      _resolve(ctx)
    }
  })
  if (!pending) {
    pending = true
    timerFunc()
  }
  // $flow-disable-line
  if (!cb && typeof Promise !== 'undefined') {
    return new Promise(resolve => {
      _resolve = resolve
    })
  }
}


// timerFunc
export let isUsingMicroTask = false
if (typeof Promise !== 'undefined' && isNative(Promise)) {
  //判断1：是否原生支持Promise
  const p = Promise.resolve()
  timerFunc = () => {
    p.then(flushCallbacks)
    if (isIOS) setTimeout(noop)
  }
  isUsingMicroTask = true
} else if (!isIE && typeof MutationObserver !== 'undefined' && (
  isNative(MutationObserver) ||
  MutationObserver.toString() === '[object MutationObserverConstructor]'
)) {
  //判断2：是否原生支持MutationObserver
  let counter = 1
  const observer = new MutationObserver(flushCallbacks)
  const textNode = document.createTextNode(String(counter))
  observer.observe(textNode, {
    characterData: true
  })
  timerFunc = () => {
    counter = (counter + 1) % 2
    textNode.data = String(counter)
  }
  isUsingMicroTask = true
} else if (typeof setImmediate !== 'undefined' && isNative(setImmediate)) {
  //判断3：是否原生支持setImmediate
  timerFunc = () => {
    setImmediate(flushCallbacks)
  }
} else {
  //判断4：上面都不行，直接用setTimeout
  timerFunc = () => {
    setTimeout(flushCallbacks, 0)
  }
}

function flushCallbacks () {
  pending = false
  const copies = callbacks.slice(0)
  callbacks.length = 0
  for (let i = 0; i < copies.length; i++) {
    copies[i]()
  }
}