oracle10g数据库恢复（RMAN 恢复）

 一、自动管理文件
 二、使用RMAN功能，包括所有资料档案库维护和报告功能
 可通过使用Oracle Enterprise Manager来完成【调用RMAN恢复的脚本】

RMAN恢复：restore和recover命令


restore：是RMAN从我们备份的地方找一下备份集，然后把这些备
份集移动到现在数据文件的位置。【相当于用户管理中的copy命令】

recover：开始使用归档日志文件或者联机重做日志文件把你变化的
数据恢复回来。

首先用RMAN做一下备份，备份到自己所建目录rback下；
RMAN> backup database format '/u01/rback/rm_%U' plus archivelog delete input;


测试1（通过RMAN恢复一个表空间）：
【创建一些模拟的数据，再模拟破坏数据库】
SQL>conn scott/tiger
SQL> select * from tab;


TNAME                          TABTYPE  CLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
E1                             TABLE
E22                            TABLE
USER1                          TABLE
DEPT                           TABLE
EMP                            TABLE
BONUS                          TABLE
SALGRADE                       TABLE
删除一些信息
SQL> delete from e22;
56 rows deleted.


SQL> select * from e22;
no rows selected
【注意：在第一次做RMAN备份的时候e22中有数据，备份完成之后删除e22表里的信息】


【模拟数据文件丢失】
$cd /u01/oracle/oradata/orcl
$rm -rf users01.dbf
【到sysdba下清理一下内存】
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;
SQL> alter system flush shared_pool;
【进入scott查看e22表】
SQL> select * from e22;
select * from e22
              *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 4
ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
【不只是e22，其他表都不能查，因为数据文件没了】

执行脚本
RMAN>
run{
sql"alter tablespace users offline immediate";
restore tablespace users;
recover tablespace users delete archivelog;
sql"alter tablespace users online";
}


sql statement: alter tablespace users offline immediate
Starting restore at 17-APR-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from 
backup set
restoring datafile 00004 to 
/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece 
/u01/rback/rm_4op5u3sf_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/u01/rback/rm_4op5u3sf_1_1 
tag=TAG20140417T032503
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
Finished restore at 17-APR-14
Starting recover at 17-APR-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:06
Finished recover at 17-APR-14
sql statement: alter tablespace users online


恢复完成，发现scott用户下e22表里任然没有数据
SQL> select * from e22;
no rows selected

恢复成功。


测试2 （恢复一个数据文件）
【在e22表里插入一些数据并查看】
SQL> select count(*) from e22;
  COUNT(*)
----------
        42
【再删除数据文件】
 $cd /u01/oracle/oradata/orcl
$ rm -rf users01.dbf

【到sysdba下清理一下内存】
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;
SQL> alter system flush shared_pool;

【查看数据】
SQL> select * from e22;
select * from e22
              *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 4
ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

【再次恢复数据】
run{
sql"alter database datafile 4 offline";
restore datafile 4;
recover datafile 4 delete archivelog;
sql"alter database datafile 4 online";
}


sql statement: alter database datafile 4 offline
Starting restore at 17-APR-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from 
backup set
restoring datafile 00004 to 
/u01/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece 
/u01/rback/rm_4op5u3sf_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/u01/rback/rm_4op5u3sf_1_1 
tag=TAG20140417T032503
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 17-APR-14
Starting recover at 17-APR-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished recover at 17-APR-14
sql statement: alter database datafile 4 online


RMAN>
进入文件$cd /u01/oracle/oradata/orcl查看发现有user01.dbf

再次进入scott用户下，查看
SQL> select count(*) from e22;
  COUNT(*)
----------
        42
发现数据恢复了。
恢复成功。

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/29509120/viewspace-1143870/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/29509120/viewspace-1143870/