OSPF划分区域优点:
减小LSDB(lsa泛洪),同时保证到达目标网络的可达性
减小路由震荡
stub(末节网络)区域特点
1. 一个区域配置为stub时,所有相关路由器都需要配置该属性
2. 如果stub区域边界有多个ABR时,注意选路(修改cost)
3. 该区域不接受4、5类路由
4. 不能出现ASBR
5. 不能为区域0
6. 虚连接不能出现在该区域
7. ABR会自动下发一条缺省路由
实验拓扑
需求
1. A1配置为stub区域,查看到R5的路由情况(在R3的ospf进程中引入rip路由)
2. 查看各个区域都存在几类路由
3. R1、R2的loopback发布在0区,R3的loopback发布在2区,R5的loopback发布在rip中
完成ip网络基本配置,以及ospf邻居建立,查看邻居情况如下:
#R1
<R1>dis ospf peer brief
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1
Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 Serial0/0/1 2.2.2.2 Full
0.0.0.2 Serial0/0/0 3.3.3.3 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<R1>
#R2
<R2>dis ospf peer brief
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 Serial0/0/0 1.1.1.1 Full
0.0.0.1 Serial0/0/1 4.4.4.4 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<R2>
#R3
<R3>dis ospf peer brief
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3
Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.2 Serial0/0/0 1.1.1.1 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<R3>
#R4
<R4>dis ospf peer brief
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 4.4.4.4
Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.1 Serial0/0/1 2.2.2.2 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
<R4>
ospf邻居建立正常
#查看R3是否学到R5的loopback
<R3>dis ip routing-table p rip
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
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