树莓派安装OpenCV

本文所涉及的文件链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1u_y9TLP882FcFbNNXLEmKQ 提取码：4g67

1. 更新系统

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

2. 安装numpy

sudo pip3 install numpy

3. 扩展文件系统

sudo raspi-config

选择Advanced Options

选择Expand Filesystem

重启树莓派

sudo reboot

4. 安装依赖文件

sudo apt-get install build-essential git cmake pkg-config -y
sudo apt-get install libjpeg8-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libjasper-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libpng12-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev -y
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran -y

5. 解压缩并复制opencv和opencv-contrib文件夹到/home/pi/Downloads

6. 创建build文件夹并进入

cd /home/pi/Downloads/opencv
mkdir build
cd build

7. 设置CMAKE参数

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=/home/pi/Downloads/opencv_contrib/modules -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -D WITH_LIBV4L=ON PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3.7 PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/include/python3.7 PYTHON_LIBRARY=/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libpython3.7m.so PYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS=/home/pi/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include ..

如果有不同，可以根据自己的情况更改。

8. 将boostdesc_bgm文件夹里的文件放到/opencv_contrib/modules/xfeatures2d/src

9. 将test_detectors_regression文件夹里的文件放到/opencv_contrib/modules/xfeatures2d/test/

10. 修改test_features2d.cpp的include文件

// #include "features2d/test/test_detectors_regression.impl.hpp"
// #include "features2d/test/test_descriptors_regression.impl.hpp"
// 修改文件地址如下
#include "test_detectors_regression.impl.hpp"
#include "test_descriptors_regression.impl.hpp"

11. 修改test_rotation_and_scale_invariance.cpp的include文件

// #include "features2d/test/test_detectors_invariance.impl.hpp" // main OpenCV repo
// #include "features2d/test/test_descriptors_invariance.impl.hpp" // main OpenCV repo
// 修改文件地址如下
#include "test_detectors_invariance.impl.hpp" // main OpenCV repo
#include "test_descriptors_invariance.impl.hpp" // main OpenCV repo

12. 进行编译的准备

sudo nano /etc/dphys-swapfile

将CONF_SWAPSIZE变量，从100改成1024

sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile stop
sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile start

13. 编译

cd /home/pi/Downloads/opencv/build
make -j4

make -j4代表4线程编译，该过程很慢，需耐心等待。

14. 安装

sudo make install

15. 将更改的参数改回原来的值

sudo nano /etc/dphys-swapfile

将CONF_SWAPSIZE这个变量，从1024改成100

sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile stop
sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile start

16. 验证是否安装成功

python
import cv2
cv2.__version__