主库不停用DUPLICATE做物理dg

在官方文档中，在rman的部分，有关于用DUPLICATE命令做dg的方法。
部分文档，摘取出来了，如下：

Purpose of Database Duplication

A duplicate database is useful for a variety of purposes, most of which involve testing. You can perform the following tasks in a duplicate database:

• Test backup and recovery procedures

• Test an upgrade to a new release of Oracle Database

• Test the effect of applications on database performance

• Create a standby database

• Generate reports

For example, you can duplicate the production database on host1 to host2, and then use the duplicate database on host2 to practice restoring and recovering this database while the production database on host1 operates as usual.

自己在虚拟机上试了一下。

环境介绍

操作系统：

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1. [root@wbg2 ~]# lsb_release -a
2. LSB Version: :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch
3. Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
4. Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.6 (Santiago)
5. Release: 6.6
6. Codename: Santiago

hosts文件

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1. [root@wbg2 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
2. 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
3. ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
4. 1.1.1.1 wbg1
5. 1.1.1.2 wbg2

操作过程

在主备库，要写好tnsnames.ora

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1. primary=
   
2. (DESCRIPTION=
   
3.  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=wbg1)(PORT=1521))
   
4.  (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=wbg)))
   
5. standby=
   
6. (DESCRIPTION=
   
7.  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=wbg2)(PORT=1521))
   
8.  (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=standby)))

备库要配置一个静态监听并启动，因为备库在搭建过程中，要重启几次
备库的口令文件，要从主库拷贝
备库要写一个pfile，只要指定一个db_name就可以了

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. LISTENER=
2. (DESCRIPTION=
3. (ADDRESS_LIST=
4. (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=wbg2)(PORT=1521))
5. (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=extproc))))
6. SID_LIST_LISTENER=
7. (SID_LIST=
8. (SID_DESC=
9. (GLOBAL_DBNAME=standby)
10. (ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle)
11. (SID_NAME=standby))
12. )

主库执行如下命令，修改相关配置：

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1. alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(wbg,standby)';
2. alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/u01/arch/wbg/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=wbg';
3. alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=standby ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby';
4. alter system set FAL_SERVER=standby;
5. alter system set STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO;
6. alter system set DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/data/standby/','/u01/data/wbg/' scope=spfile;
7. alter system set LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/data/standby/','/u01/data/wbg/' scope=spfile;
8. ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE '/u01/data/wbg/std01.log' size 50m;
9. ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE '/u01/data/wbg/std02.log' size 50m;
10. ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE '/u01/data/wbg/std03.log' size 50m;
11. ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE '/u01/data/wbg/std04.log' size 50m;

主库登录自己的rman，同时连接备库（辅助数据库）

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1. rman target / auxiliary sys/oracle@1.1.1.2:1521/standby

主库在rman中，执行DUPLICATE语句

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1. DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE
2. FOR STANDBY
3. FROM ACTIVE DATABASE
4. DORECOVER
5. SPFILE
6. SET db_unique_name 'standby'
7. SET control_files '/u01/data/standby/ctl1.ctl'
8. SET db_file_name_convert '/u01/data/wbg/','/u01/data/standby/'
9. SET fal_server 'primary'
10. SET log_archive_config 'DG_CONFIG=(wbg,standby)'
11. SET log_archive_dest_1 'LOCATION=/u01/arch/standby/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
12. SET log_archive_dest_2 'SERVICE=primary ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'
13. SET log_file_name_convert '/u01/data/wbg/','/u01/data/standby/'
14. SET remote_login_passwordfile 'EXCLUSIVE'
15. SET standby_file_management 'AUTO'
16. ;

至此搭建完毕。在主库切换日志，可以看见备库收到了日志

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. Archived Log entry 5 added for thread 1 sequence 14 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
2. RFS[1]: Selected log 5 for thread 1 sequence 15 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119
3. Mon Nov 30 17:10:00 2015
4. Archived Log entry 6 added for thread 1 sequence 15 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
5. RFS[1]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 16 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119
6. Mon Nov 30 17:10:02 2015
7. Archived Log entry 7 added for thread 1 sequence 16 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
8. RFS[1]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 18 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119
9. Mon Nov 30 17:10:03 2015
10. RFS[3]: Assigned to RFS process 3638
11. RFS[3]: Selected log 5 for thread 1 sequence 17 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119
12. Archived Log entry 8 added for thread 1 sequence 17 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
13. Archived Log entry 9 added for thread 1 sequence 18 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
14. RFS[1]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 19 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119
15. Archived Log entry 10 added for thread 1 sequence 19 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
16. RFS[1]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 20 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119
17. Archived Log entry 11 added for thread 1 sequence 20 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
18. RFS[1]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 21 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119
19. Archived Log entry 12 added for thread 1 sequence 21 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
20. RFS[1]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 22 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119
21. Archived Log entry 13 added for thread 1 sequence 22 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
22. RFS[1]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 23 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119
23. Archived Log entry 14 added for thread 1 sequence 23 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
24. RFS[1]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 24 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119
25. Archived Log entry 15 added for thread 1 sequence 24 ID 0xcbe1a451 dest 1:
26. RFS[1]: Selected log 4 for thread 1 sequence 25 dbid -874449071 branch 887556119

DUPLICATE的过程

看看命令执行过程中，数据库的反馈，可以了解一下，这个命令背后都干了什么

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1. [oracle@wbg1 admin]$ rman target / auxiliary sys/oracle@1.1.1.2:1521/standby
3. Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Nov 30 16:46:41 2015
5. Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
7. connected to target database: WBG (DBID=3420518225)
8. connected to auxiliary database: WBG (not mounted)
10. RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE
11. 2> FOR STANDBY
12. 3> FROM ACTIVE DATABASE
13. 4> DORECOVER
14. 5> SPFILE
15. 6> SET db_unique_name 'standby'
16. 7> SET control_files '/u01/data/standby/ctl1.ctl'
17. 8> SET db_file_name_convert '/u01/data/wbg/','/u01/data/standby/'
18. 9> SET fal_server 'primary'
19. 10> SET log_archive_config 'DG_CONFIG=(wbg,standby)'
20. 11> SET log_archive_dest_1 'LOCATION=/u01/arch/standby/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'
21. 12> SET log_archive_dest_2 'SERVICE=primary ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'
22. 13> SET log_file_name_convert '/u01/data/wbg/','/u01/data/standby/'
23. 14> SET remote_login_passwordfile 'EXCLUSIVE'
24. 15> SET standby_file_management 'AUTO'
25. 16> ;
27. Starting Duplicate Db at 30-NOV-15
28. using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
29. allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
30. channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
32. contents of Memory Script:
33. {
34. backup as copy reuse
35. targetfile '/u01/oracle/dbs/orapwwbg' auxiliary format
36. '/u01/oracle/dbs/orapwstandby' targetfile
37. '/u01/oracle/dbs/spfilewbg.ora' auxiliary format
38. '/u01/oracle/dbs/spfilestandby.ora' ;
39. sql clone "alter system set spfile= ''/u01/oracle/dbs/spfilestandby.ora''";
40. }
41. executing Memory Script
43. Starting backup at 30-NOV-15
44. allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
45. channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=40 device type=DISK
46. Finished backup at 30-NOV-15
48. sql statement: alter system set spfile= ''/u01/oracle/dbs/spfilestandby.ora''
50. contents of Memory Script:
51. {
52. sql clone "alter system set db_unique_name =
53. ''standby'' comment=
54. '''' scope=spfile";
55. sql clone "alter system set control_files =
56. ''/u01/data/standby/ctl1.ctl'' comment=
57. '''' scope=spfile";
58. sql clone "alter system set db_file_name_convert =
59. ''/u01/data/wbg/'', ''/u01/data/standby/'' comment=
60. '''' scope=spfile";
61. sql clone "alter system set fal_server =
62. ''primary'' comment=
63. '''' scope=spfile";
64. sql clone "alter system set log_archive_config =
65. ''DG_CONFIG=(wbg,standby)'' comment=
66. '''' scope=spfile";
67. sql clone "alter system set log_archive_dest_1 =
68. ''LOCATION=/u01/arch/standby/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'' comment=
69. '''' scope=spfile";
70. sql clone "alter system set log_archive_dest_2 =
71. ''SERVICE=primary ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'' comment=
72. '''' scope=spfile";
73. sql clone "alter system set log_file_name_convert =
74. ''/u01/data/wbg/'', ''/u01/data/standby/'' comment=
75. '''' scope=spfile";
76. sql clone "alter system set remote_login_passwordfile =
77. ''EXCLUSIVE'' comment=
78. '''' scope=spfile";
79. sql clone "alter system set standby_file_management =
80. ''AUTO'' comment=
81. '''' scope=spfile";
82. shutdown clone immediate;
83. startup clone nomount;
84. }
85. executing Memory Script
87. sql statement: alter system set db_unique_name = ''standby'' comment= '''' scope=spfile
89. sql statement: alter system set control_files = ''/u01/data/standby/ctl1.ctl'' comment= '''' scope=spfile
91. sql statement: alter system set db_file_name_convert = ''/u01/data/wbg/'', ''/u01/data/standby/'' comment= '''' scope=spfile
93. sql statement: alter system set fal_server = ''primary'' comment= '''' scope=spfile
95. sql statement: alter system set log_archive_config = ''DG_CONFIG=(wbg,standby)'' comment= '''' scope=spfile
97. sql statement: alter system set log_archive_dest_1 = ''LOCATION=/u01/arch/standby/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=standby'' comment= '''' scope=spfile
99. sql statement: alter system set log_archive_dest_2 = ''SERVICE=primary ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=primary'' comment= '''' scope=spfile
101. sql statement: alter system set log_file_name_convert = ''/u01/data/wbg/'', ''/u01/data/standby/'' comment= '''' scope=spfile
103. sql statement: alter system set remote_login_passwordfile = ''EXCLUSIVE'' comment= '''' scope=spfile
105. sql statement: alter system set standby_file_management = ''AUTO'' comment= '''' scope=spfile
107. Oracle instance shut down
109. connected to auxiliary database (not started)
110. Oracle instance started
112. Total System Global Area 626327552 bytes
114. Fixed Size 2255832 bytes
115. Variable Size 423625768 bytes
116. Database Buffers 197132288 bytes
117. Redo Buffers 3313664 bytes
119. contents of Memory Script:
120. {
121. backup as copy current controlfile for standby auxiliary format '/u01/data/standby/ctl1.ctl';
122. }
123. executing Memory Script
125. Starting backup at 30-NOV-15
126. using channel ORA_DISK_1
127. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
128. copying standby control file
129. output file name=/u01/oracle/dbs/snapcf_wbg.f tag=TAG20151130T164651 RECID=2 STAMP=897151611
130. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
131. Finished backup at 30-NOV-15
133. contents of Memory Script:
134. {
135. sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
136. }
137. executing Memory Script
139. sql statement: alter database mount standby database
141. contents of Memory Script:
142. {
143. set newname for tempfile 1 to
144. "/u01/data/standby/temp01.dbf";
145. switch clone tempfile all;
146. set newname for datafile 1 to
147. "/u01/data/standby/system01.dbf";
148. set newname for datafile 2 to
149. "/u01/data/standby/sysaux01.dbf";
150. set newname for datafile 3 to
151. "/u01/data/standby/undotbs01.dbf";
152. set newname for datafile 4 to
153. "/u01/data/standby/users01.dbf";
154. set newname for datafile 5 to
155. "/u01/data/standby/example01.dbf";
156. backup as copy reuse
157. datafile 1 auxiliary format
158. "/u01/data/standby/system01.dbf" datafile
159. 2 auxiliary format
160. "/u01/data/standby/sysaux01.dbf" datafile
161. 3 auxiliary format
162. "/u01/data/standby/undotbs01.dbf" datafile
163. 4 auxiliary format
164. "/u01/data/standby/users01.dbf" datafile
165. 5 auxiliary format
166. "/u01/data/standby/example01.dbf" ;
167. sql 'alter system archive log current';
168. }
169. executing Memory Script
171. executing command: SET NEWNAME
173. renamed tempfile 1 to /u01/data/standby/temp01.dbf in control file
175. executing command: SET NEWNAME
177. executing command: SET NEWNAME
179. executing command: SET NEWNAME
181. executing command: SET NEWNAME
183. executing command: SET NEWNAME
185. Starting backup at 30-NOV-15
186. using channel ORA_DISK_1
187. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
188. input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/data/wbg/system01.dbf
189. output file name=/u01/data/standby/system01.dbf tag=TAG20151130T164658
190. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
191. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
192. input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/data/wbg/sysaux01.dbf
193. output file name=/u01/data/standby/sysaux01.dbf tag=TAG20151130T164658
194. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
195. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
196. input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/data/wbg/example01.dbf
197. output file name=/u01/data/standby/example01.dbf tag=TAG20151130T164658
198. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
199. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
200. input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/data/wbg/undotbs01.dbf
201. output file name=/u01/data/standby/undotbs01.dbf tag=TAG20151130T164658
202. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
203. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
204. input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/data/wbg/users01.dbf
205. output file name=/u01/data/standby/users01.dbf tag=TAG20151130T164658
206. channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
207. Finished backup at 30-NOV-15
209. sql statement: alter system archive log current
211. contents of Memory Script:
212. {
213. backup as copy reuse
214. archivelog like "/u01/arch/wbg/1_10_887556119.dbf" auxiliary format
215. "/u01/arch/standby/1_10_887556119.dbf" archivelog like
216. "/u01/arch/wbg/1_11_887556119.dbf" auxiliary format
217. "/u01/arch/standby/1_11_887556119.dbf" ;
218. catalog clone archivelog "/u01/arch/standby/1_10_887556119.dbf";
219. catalog clone archivelog "/u01/arch/standby/1_11_887556119.dbf";
220. switch clone datafile all;
221. }
222. executing Memory Script
224. Starting backup at 30-NOV-15
225. using channel ORA_DISK_1
226. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
227. input archived log thread=1 sequence=10 RECID=5 STAMP=897151623
228. output file name=/u01/arch/standby/1_10_887556119.dbf RECID=0 STAMP=0
229. channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
230. channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
231. input archived log thread=1 sequence=11 RECID=6 STAMP=897151688
232. output file name=/u01/arch/standby/1_11_887556119.dbf RECID=0 STAMP=0
233. channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
234. Finished backup at 30-NOV-15
236. cataloged archived log
237. archived log file name=/u01/arch/standby/1_10_887556119.dbf RECID=1 STAMP=897151692
239. cataloged archived log
240. archived log file name=/u01/arch/standby/1_11_887556119.dbf RECID=2 STAMP=897151692
242. datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
243. input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=897151692 file name=/u01/data/standby/system01.dbf
244. datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
245. input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=897151692 file name=/u01/data/standby/sysaux01.dbf
246. datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
247. input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=897151692 file name=/u01/data/standby/undotbs01.dbf
248. datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
249. input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=897151692 file name=/u01/data/standby/users01.dbf
250. datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
251. input datafile copy RECID=6 STAMP=897151692 file name=/u01/data/standby/example01.dbf
253. contents of Memory Script:
254. {
255. set until scn 1021784;
256. recover
257. standby
258. clone database
259. delete archivelog
260. ;
261. }
262. executing Memory Script
264. executing command: SET until clause
266. Starting recover at 30-NOV-15
267. allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
268. channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK
270. starting media recovery
272. archived log for thread 1 with sequence 10 is already on disk as file /u01/arch/standby/1_10_887556119.dbf
273. archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11 is already on disk as file /u01/arch/standby/1_11_887556119.dbf
274. archived log file name=/u01/arch/standby/1_10_887556119.dbf thread=1 sequence=10
275. archived log file name=/u01/arch/standby/1_11_887556119.dbf thread=1 sequence=11
276. media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
277. Finished recover at 30-NOV-15
278. Finished Duplicate Db at 30-NOV-15
280. RMAN>

这种方法，创建过程比较炫酷，但是中间不能有错误，要一气呵成。
娱乐一下还可以，少用。

额。。。赓赓。。。

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