一次完整的oracle rman备份与恢复的例子

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-23 16:47:42 发布
最新推荐文章于 2024-08-23 16:47:42 发布
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目标数据库版本为oracle8.1.7，目录数据库版本是oracle9.2.0，丢失所有的数据文件（包括控制文件和联机日志文件），用rman做备份和恢复的例子:

实验步骤：

1、在目录数据库中创建恢复目录所用表空间：

SQL> create tablespace rmants datafile '/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/rmants.dbf' size 100M autoextend on next 1M maxsize unlimited;

Tablespace created.

2、在目录数据库中创建RMAN用户并授权：

SQL> create user rman identified by rman default tablespace rmants temporary tablespace temp quota unlimited on rmants;

User created.

SQL> grant recovery_catalog_owner to rman;

Grant succeeded.

3、在目录数据库中创建恢复目录：

$ rman catalog rman/rman

Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

connected to recovery catalog database
recovery catalog is not installed

RMAN>create catalog tablespace rmants;
recovery catalog created

4、注册目标数据库到恢复目录
我的目标数据库使用的服务名称是rcat
$ rman target /   (在目标数据库上执行该命令，首先用rman连接到目标数据库)         

Recovery Manager: Release 8.1.7.3.0 - Production

RMAN-06005: connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1000277484)

RMAN> connect catalog rman/rman@rcat  (连接到catalog目录数据库)

RMAN-06008: connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN> register database;  （在catalog目录数据库上注册目标数据库）

RMAN-03022: compiling command: register
RMAN-03023: executing command: register
RMAN-08006: database registered in recovery catalog
RMAN-03023: executing command: full resync
RMAN-08002: starting full resync of recovery catalog
RMAN-08004: full resync complete

 准备工作已经作好，下面开始使用RMAN来进行备份和恢复了。

5.做rman全备份：
RMAN> run
{
allocate channel c1 type disk;
backup full  tag 'dbfull' format '/opt/oracle/full%u_%p_%c' database include current controlfile;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup filesperset 3  archivelog all delete input;
release channel c1;
}

RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate
RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate
RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c1
RMAN-08500: channel c1: sid=15 devtype=DISK

RMAN-03022: compiling command: backup
RMAN-03023: executing command: backup
RMAN-08008: channel c1: starting full datafile backupset
RMAN-08502: set_count=3 set_stamp=537970127 creation_time=27-SEP-04
RMAN-08010: channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00001 name=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
RMAN-08011: including current controlfile in backupset
RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00004 name=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/temp01.dbf
RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00019 name=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/rbs02.dbf
RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00003 name=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/rbs03.dbf
RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00002 name=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/tools01.dbf
RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00006 name=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/indx01.dbf
RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00005 name=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf
RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00007 name=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/drsys01.dbf
RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00010 name=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/test.dbf

RMAN-08013: channel c1: piece 1 created
RMAN-08503: piece handle=/opt/oracle/full03g11hef_1_1 comment=NONE
RMAN-08525: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:55
RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync
RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog
RMAN-08005: partial resync complete

RMAN-03022: compiling command: sql
RMAN-06162: sql statement: alter system archive log current
RMAN-03023: executing command: sql

RMAN-03022: compiling command: backup
RMAN-03025: performing implicit partial resync of recovery catalog
RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync
RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog
RMAN-08005: partial resync complete
RMAN-03023: executing command: backup
RMAN-08009: channel c1: starting archivelog backupset
RMAN-08502: set_count=4 set_stamp=537970305 creation_time=27-SEP-04
RMAN-08014: channel c1: specifying archivelog(s) in backup set
RMAN-08504: input archivelog thread=1 sequence=1 recid=7 stamp=537958625
RMAN-08013: channel c1: piece 1 created
RMAN-08503: piece handle=/opt/oracle/db01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/dbs/04g11hk1_1_1 comment=NONE
RMAN-08525: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
RMAN-08071: channel c1: deleting archivelog(s)
RMAN-08514: archivelog filename=/opt/oracle/arch/ORCL/arch_1_1.arc recid=7 stamp=537958625
RMAN-08009: channel c1: starting archivelog backupset
RMAN-08502: set_count=5 set_stamp=537970307 creation_time=27-SEP-04
RMAN-08014: channel c1: specifying archivelog(s) in backup set
RMAN-08504: input archivelog thread=1 sequence=2 recid=8 stamp=537958661
RMAN-08504: input archivelog thread=1 sequence=3 recid=9 stamp=537959443
RMAN-08504: input archivelog thread=1 sequence=4 recid=10 stamp=537970304
RMAN-08013: channel c1: piece 1 created
RMAN-08503: piece handle=/opt/oracle/db01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/dbs/05g11hk3_1_1 comment=NONE
RMAN-08525: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
RMAN-08071: channel c1: deleting archivelog(s)
RMAN-08514: archivelog filename=/opt/oracle/arch/ORCL/arch_1_2.arc recid=8 stamp=537958661
RMAN-08514: archivelog filename=/opt/oracle/arch/ORCL/arch_1_3.arc recid=9 stamp=537959443
RMAN-08514: archivelog filename=/opt/oracle/arch/ORCL/arch_1_4.arc recid=10 stamp=537970304
RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync
RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog
RMAN-08005: partial resync complete

RMAN-03022: compiling command: release
RMAN-03023: executing command: release
RMAN-08031: released channel: c1

RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.

6.查看数据库备份信息：

$ rman target / catalog rman/rman@rcat

Recovery Manager: Release 8.1.7.3.0 - Production

RMAN-06005: connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1000277484)
RMAN-06008: connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN>list backup;
RMAN-03022: compiling command: list

List of Backup Sets
Key     Recid      Stamp      LV Set Stamp  Set Count  Completion Time
------- ---------- ---------- -- ---------- ---------- ----------------------
22      2          537970293  0  537970127  3          27-SEP-04

    List of Backup Pieces
    Key     Pc# Cp# Status      Completion Time        Piece Name
    ------- --- --- ----------- ---------------------- ------------------------
    23      1   1   AVAILABLE   27-SEP-04              /opt/oracle/full03g11hef_1_1

    List of Datafiles Included
    File Name                                  LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time
    ---- ------------------------------------- -- ---- ---------- -------------
    1    /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf 0  Full 5226242    27-SEP-04
    2    /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/tools01.dbf 0  Full 5226242    27-SEP-04
    3    /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/rbs03.dbf 0  Full 5226242    27-SEP-04
    4    /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/temp01.dbf 0  Full 5226242    27-SEP-04
    5    /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf 0  Full 5226242    27-SEP-04
    6    /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/indx01.dbf 0  Full 5226242    27-SEP-04
    7    /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/drsys01.dbf 0  Full 5226242    27-SEP-04
    10   /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/test.dbf 0  Full 5226242    27-SEP-04
    19   /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/rbs02.dbf 0  Full 5226242    27-SEP-04

7.关闭数据库，模拟所有数据文件丢失，手工删除所有的数据文件、控制文件和联机日志文件：
$ lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Solaris: Version 8.1.7.3.0 - Production on 27-SEP-2004 12:30:39

(c) Copyright 1998 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=ipasdb)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully

$ sqlplus internal/oracle

SQL*Plus: Release 8.1.7.0.0 - Production on Mon Sep 27 12:29:12 2004

(c) Copyright 2000 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle8i Enterprise Edition Release 8.1.7.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning option
JServer Release 8.1.7.3.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

$ rm /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/*
$ rm /opt/oracle/db03/oradata/ORCL/*
$ rm /opt/oracle/db04/oradata/ORCL/*

8.用rman做完全恢复：
(1).首先将数据库启动到nomount状态：
$ sqlplus internal/oracle

SQL*Plus: Release 8.1.7.0.0 - Production on Mon Sep 27 12:32:37 2004

(c) Copyright 2000 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1134141116 bytes
Fixed Size                   102076 bytes
Variable Size             311750656 bytes
Database Buffers          819200000 bytes
Redo Buffers                3088384 bytes

(2).做整个数据库恢复前，需要先恢复控制文件:
$ rman target / catalog rman/rman@rcat

Recovery Manager: Release 8.1.7.3.0 - Production

RMAN-06006: connected to target database: ORCL (not mounted)
RMAN-06008: connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN> run {
allocate channel c1 type disk;
restore controlfile;
release channel c1;
}

RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate
RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate
RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c1
RMAN-08500: channel c1: sid=14 devtype=DISK

RMAN-03022: compiling command: restore

RMAN-03022: compiling command: IRESTORE
RMAN-03023: executing command: IRESTORE
RMAN-08016: channel c1: starting datafile backupset restore
RMAN-08502: set_count=3 set_stamp=537970127 creation_time=27-SEP-04
RMAN-08021: channel c1: restoring controlfile
RMAN-08505: output filename=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/control01.ctl
RMAN-08023: channel c1: restored backup piece 1
RMAN-08511: piece handle=/opt/oracle/full03g11hef_1_1 tag=DBFULL params=NULL
RMAN-08024: channel c1: restore complete
RMAN-08058: replicating controlfile
RMAN-08506: input filename=/opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/control01.ctl
RMAN-08505: output filename=/opt/oracle/db03/oradata/ORCL/control02.ctl
RMAN-08505: output filename=/opt/oracle/db04/oradata/ORCL/control03.ctl

RMAN-03022: compiling command: release
RMAN-03023: executing command: release
RMAN-08031: released channel: c1

(3).恢复归档日志文件:
RMAN> run {
set archivelog destination to '/opt/oracle/arch/ORCL';
allocate channel c1 type disk;
restore archivelog all;
release channel c1;
}

RMAN-03022: compiling command: set

RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate
RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate
RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c1
RMAN-08500: channel c1: sid=14 devtype=DISK

RMAN-03022: compiling command: restore

RMAN-03022: compiling command: IRESTORE
RMAN-03023: executing command: IRESTORE
RMAN-08018: channel c1: starting archivelog restore to user-specified destination
RMAN-08508: archivelog destination=/opt/oracle/arch/ORCL
RMAN-08022: channel c1: restoring archivelog
RMAN-08510: archivelog thread=1 sequence=1
RMAN-08023: channel c1: restored backup piece 1
RMAN-08511: piece handle=/opt/oracle/db01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/dbs/04g11hk1_1_1 tag=null params=NULL
RMAN-08024: channel c1: restore complete
RMAN-08018: channel c1: starting archivelog restore to user-specified destination
RMAN-08508: archivelog destination=/opt/oracle/arch/ORCL
RMAN-08022: channel c1: restoring archivelog
RMAN-08510: archivelog thread=1 sequence=2
RMAN-08022: channel c1: restoring archivelog
RMAN-08510: archivelog thread=1 sequence=3
RMAN-08022: channel c1: restoring archivelog
RMAN-08510: archivelog thread=1 sequence=4
RMAN-08023: channel c1: restored backup piece 1
RMAN-08511: piece handle=/opt/oracle/db01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/dbs/05g11hk3_1_1 tag=null params=NULL
RMAN-08024: channel c1: restore complete

RMAN-03022: compiling command: release
RMAN-03023: executing command: release
RMAN-08031: released channel: c1

(4).恢复全部数据文件，并以resetlogs方式打开数据库：
RMAN> run {
allocate channel c1 type disk;
sql 'alter database mount';
restore database;
recover database;
sql 'alter database open resetlogs';
}

RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate
RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate
RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c1
RMAN-08500: channel c1: sid=12 devtype=DISK

RMAN-03022: compiling command: sql
RMAN-06162: sql statement: alter database mount
RMAN-03023: executing command: sql

RMAN-03022: compiling command: restore
RMAN-03025: performing implicit partial resync of recovery catalog
RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync
RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog
RMAN-08005: partial resync complete

RMAN-03022: compiling command: IRESTORE
RMAN-03023: executing command: IRESTORE
RMAN-08016: channel c1: starting datafile backupset restore
RMAN-08502: set_count=3 set_stamp=537970127 creation_time=27-SEP-04
RMAN-08089: channel c1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00001 to /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00002 to /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/tools01.dbf
RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00003 to /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/rbs03.dbf
RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00004 to /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/temp01.dbf
RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00005 to /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf
RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00006 to /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/indx01.dbf
RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00007 to /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/drsys01.dbf
RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00010 to /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/test.dbf
RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00019 to /opt/oracle/db02/oradata/ORCL/rbs02.dbf

RMAN-08023: channel c1: restored backup piece 1
RMAN-08511: piece handle=/opt/oracle/full03g11hef_1_1 tag=DBFULL params=NULL
RMAN-08024: channel c1: restore complete
RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync
RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog
RMAN-08005: partial resync complete

RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover

RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(1)
RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync

RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(2)

RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(3)
RMAN-03023: executing command: recover(3)
RMAN-08054: starting media recovery

RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(4)
RMAN-03023: executing command: recover(4)
RMAN-08017: channel c1: starting archivelog restore to default destination
RMAN-08022: channel c1: restoring archivelog
RMAN-08510: archivelog thread=1 sequence=4
RMAN-08023: channel c1: restored backup piece 1
RMAN-08511: piece handle=/opt/oracle/db01/app/oracle/product/8.1.7/dbs/05g11hk3_1_1 tag=null params=NULL
RMAN-08024: channel c1: restore complete
RMAN-08515: archivelog filename=/opt/oracle/arch/ORCL/arch_1_4.arc thread=1 sequence=4
RMAN-08060: unable to find archivelog
RMAN-08510: archivelog thread=1 sequence=5
RMAN-03026: error recovery releasing channel resources
RMAN-08031: released channel: c1
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure during compilation of command
RMAN-03013: command type: recover
RMAN-03006: non-retryable error occurred during execution of command: recover(4)
RMAN-07004: unhandled exception during command execution on channel default
RMAN-20000: abnormal termination of job step
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread 1 scn 5226245

RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.

发现有部分错误信息，分析原因主要是因为没有找到arch_1_5.arc归档日志的缘故，此时只能手工执行alter database open resetlogs打开数据库：
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

注意：此时打开数据库后，可能会丢失部分数据，主要是当前redolog里的数据。因此上一步最后一个日志文件，应该用当前的redolog来恢复。

查看数据库的状态：
SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS
-------
OPEN

(5).恢复后rman数据库的同步：
$ rman target / catalog rman/rman@rcat

Recovery Manager: Release 8.1.7.3.0 - Production

RMAN-06005: connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1000277484)
RMAN-06008: connected to recovery catalog database
RMAN> reset database;

RMAN-03022: compiling command: reset
RMAN-03023: executing command: reset
RMAN-08006: database registered in recovery catalog
RMAN-03023: executing command: full resync
RMAN-08002: starting full resync of recovery catalog
RMAN-08004: full resync complete
RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.
cn_chenfeng
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**RMAN (Recovery Manager)** 是 Oracle 数据库自带的一款强大的备份和恢复工具，它提供了完整的数据库备份和恢复解决方案。RMAN 的主要优势包括但不限于： 1. **跳过未使用的数据块**: 当备份 RMAN 备份集时，RMAN...
oracle指定tag恢复,Oracle RMAN的备份与恢复命令详解
weixin_39813200的博客
04-02 1125
4.3 Copy 镜像拷贝与恢复Copy镜像拷贝命令可以创建数据库数据文件、归档重做日志或者控制文件的精确副本。 RMAN 副本与这些文件的区别仅在于名称和(或)位置的区别。功能相当于用户管理的备份恢复中的热备份。备份副本的好处是恢复比较快，恢复时可以不用拷贝，指定新位置即可。Copy镜像拷贝至少要在mount 状态下运行。Copy镜像拷贝可作为增量备份的 Level 0Oracle10g开始，允...
oracle rman命令详解
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oracle rman 数据库备份还原命令详解，详细解释数据rman相关参数的含义和用法
Oracle数据库的备份与恢复
qq_62690755的博客
11-28 3547
准备工作：设置RMAN默认备份介质保存目录备份控制文件：设置备份介质保留期为7天一、首先检查Oracle数据库是否处于归档模式：当前处于非归档模式，需要更改到归档模式下：1.首先关闭数据库2.打开mount状态3.更改数据库为归档模式4.打开数据库5.再次检查已经处于归档模式。
【赵渝强老师】执行Oracle的冷备份与冷恢复
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赵渝强老师CSDN博客主页
08-23 690
冷备份与冷恢复是指发生在数据库已经正常关闭的情况下进行的备份和恢复。由于此时数据库已经关闭，通过冷备份可以将数据库的关键性文件拷贝到另外存储位置。冷备份因为只是拷贝文件，因此备份的速度非常快。在执行恢复时，只需将文件再拷贝回去就可以很容易恢复到某个时间点上。冷备份的最大缺点在于在冷备份过程中，数据库必须是关闭状态，不能提供外部的访问。【赵渝强老师】执行Oracle的冷备份与冷恢复下面将通过具体的操作示例来演示如何使用Oracle RMAN执行数据库的冷备份与冷恢复。
oracle -RMAN 异地恢复
qq_31194825的博客
12-23 943
xx环境使用的数据库版本为11.2.0.4，由于没有注意版本之前装了一个11.2.0.1的oracle，后发现和生产环境的版本不匹配，从新下载了一个同版本的。情况说明：XX系统使用的是oracle数据库，现已从服务器拉下来相关文件，依靠这些文件来早本地的测试机上恢复数据库，方便进行数据清洗、分析等工作。注：这里只是简单的介绍一下恢复的过程，每个人遇到的情况可能都不是完全一样的，如果遇到问题，耐心的查找，一个一个解决，最终会成功的！再次核对以下数据库文件信息，与上面的.rbf文件对应一致，即是正确的。
【RMAN】使用增量备份更新数据库备份镜像
citiao3931的博客
10-08 202
使用增量备份更新数据库备份镜像 从文件系统迁移数据文件到ASM磁盘组时，可以使用RMAN对数据库进行热备份为镜像文件。如果数据量大，热备过程持续时间长，热备过程中事务比较繁忙，可以在热备结束后再做一次...
RMAN 异机复制数据库
38°C的专栏
05-14 735
<br />实验平台： REDHAT linux 4.7 + oracle 10g<br /><br />目标库信息：<br />ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/oracle<br />ORACLE_HOME: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1<br />ORACLE_SID：orcl<br />IP: 192.168.1.20<br /><br />辅助库信息：<br />ORACLE_BASE: /u01/app/oracle<br />ORACLE_H
ORACLE如何进入rman，进入rman的方式
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zhangqifeng专栏
01-10 2万+
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>rman target 参数 值 说明 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- target 加引号的字符串 目标数据库连接字符串 目录 加引号的字
RMAN登陆及连接target数据库的步骤方法
iteye_19543的博客
04-10 1761
[img]http://dl2.iteye.com/upload/attachment/0095/9467/df364d56-51d5-3c91-96e0-df17abeb7c3e.jpg[/img] RMAN登陆及连接target数据库的步骤方法 一、 方法一： a) [Oracle@odd-oelr4u8 ~]$ rman target s...
rman 连接本地或者远程数据库方法
Fuyouche的专栏
01-21 1万+
rman 连接： 连接到本地数据库： 1、首先指定ORACLE_SID ； --如果数据库只有一个实例，那么就不需要进行指定了，rman默认连接到唯一的实例上； >set ORACLE_SID=ORCL 2、然后rman target usr/pwd nocatalog；--这样默认就是连接的指定的数据库服务名称，关于catalog是什么意思，我还不知道； >rman target us
Oracle RMAN备份与恢复实战指南
在Oracle数据库管理中，RMAN（Recovery Manager）是一个强大的工具，用于执行数据库的备份、恢复以及维护任务。本案例将深入探讨如何使用RMAN进行备份和恢复，特别关注10g和9i版本之间的差异。 首先，创建RMAN恢复...
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