springboot——security实现验证码：自定义过滤器

验证码（CAPTCHA）的全称是Complete Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers And Humans Apart,翻译过来就是“全自动区分计算机和人类的图灵测试”。通俗地讲，验证码就是为了防止恶意用户暴力重试而设置的。不管是用户注册，用户登录，还是论坛发帖，如果不加以限制，一旦某些恶意用户利用计算机发起无限重试，就容易导致系统遭到破坏。

一、Maven配置

<dependencies>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
		<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
		<version>3.2.0</version>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>mysql</groupId>
		<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		<scope>runtime</scope>
	</dependency>
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
		<artifactId>lombok