java多线程死锁代码讲解

死锁

死锁条件

• 1.互斥条件：一个资源只能被一个进程使用

• 2.请求与保持条件：一个进程因请求另外资源被阻塞时，对以获得的锁不释放

• 3.不剥夺条件：进程已经获得的资源，未使用完，不能强行剥夺，

• 4.环路等待：若干进程头尾相接，的循环等待条件

public class DeadLock {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Makeup makeup1=new Makeup(0,"灰姑娘");
        Makeup makeup2=new Makeup(1,"公主");

        makeup1.start();
        makeup2.start();
    }
}
//口红
class Lipstick {

}
//镜子
class Mirror{

}
class Makeup extends Thread{

    //资源只有一份
    static Lipstick lipstick=new Lipstick();
    static Mirror mirror=new Mirror();

    int choice;//选择
    String girlName;

    public Makeup(int choice, String girlName) {
        this.choice = choice;
        this.girlName = girlName;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //画妆
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //画妆，互相持有对方的锁，就是需要对方资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException{
        if (choice==0){
            synchronized (lipstick){//得到口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                synchronized (mirror){//一秒后拿镜子
                    System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
                }
            }
        }else{
            synchronized (mirror){//得到口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
                Thread.sleep(2000);
                //拿出来
                synchronized (lipstick){//一秒后拿口红
                    System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
                }
            }
            //拿出来
//            synchronized (lipstick){//一秒后拿口红
//                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
//            }
        }
    }
}

结果：

灰姑娘获得口红的锁
公主获得镜子的锁

/两个想成都抱着对方的资源，然后僵持，成死锁
解决：

public class DeadLock {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Makeup makeup1=new Makeup(0,"灰姑娘");
        Makeup makeup2=new Makeup(1,"公主");

        makeup1.start();
        makeup2.start();
    }
}
//口红
class Lipstick {

}
//镜子
class Mirror{

}
class Makeup extends Thread{

    //资源只有一份
    static Lipstick lipstick=new Lipstick();
    static Mirror mirror=new Mirror();

    int choice;//选择
    String girlName;

    public Makeup(int choice, String girlName) {
        this.choice = choice;
        this.girlName = girlName;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //画妆
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //画妆，互相持有对方的锁，就是需要对方资源
    private void makeup() throws InterruptedException{
        if (choice==0){
            synchronized (lipstick){//得到口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                synchronized (mirror){//一秒后拿镜子
                    System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
                }
            }
        }else{
            synchronized (mirror){//得到口红的锁
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得镜子的锁");
                Thread.sleep(2000);
                //拿出来
                //synchronized (lipstick){//一秒后拿口红
                    //System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
                }
            }
            
            //解决办法拿出来
           
            synchronized (lipstick){//一秒后拿口红
                System.out.println(this.girlName+"获得口红的锁");
//            }
        }
    }
}

现在就是不在拿到镜子的锁去申请口红，破坏了环路等待条件