SCAN Concepts
- Single client access name (SCAN) is the virtual hostname to provide for all clients connecting to the cluster (as opposed to the vip hostnames in 10g and 11gR1).
- SCAN is a domain name registered to at least one and up to three IP addresses, either in the domain name service (DNS) or the Grid Naming Service (GNS).
- By default, the name used as the SCAN is also the name of the cluster and must be globally unique throughout your enterprise. The default value for the SCAN is based on the local node name. SCAN name must be at least one character long and no more than 15 characters in length, must be alphanumeric - cannot begin with a numeral and may contain hyphens (-). If you require a SCAN that is longer than 15 characters, then select an Advanced installation.
- For installation to succeed, the SCAN must resolve to at least one address.
- SCAN VIP addresses must be on the same subnet as virtual IP addresses and public IP addresses.
- Oracle strongly recommends that you do not configure SCAN VIP addresses in the hosts file. But if you use the hosts file to resolve SCAN name, you can have only one SCAN IP address.
- If hosts file is used to resolve SCAN hostname, you will receive Cluster Verification Utility failure at end of installation (see Note: 887471.1 for more details)
- For high availability and scalability, Oracle recommends that you configure the SCAN to use DNS Round Robin resolution to three addresses.
- Because the SCAN is associated with the cluster as a whole, rather than to a particular node, the SCAN makes it possible to add or remove nodes from the cluster without needing to reconfigure clients. It also adds location independence for the databases, so that client configuration does not have to depend on which nodes are running a particular database.
- Clients can continue to access the cluster in the same way as with previous releases, but Oracle recommends that clients accessing the cluster use the SCAN. Clients using the SCAN can also access the cluster using EZCONNECT.
- Grid Infrastructure will start local listener LISTENER on all nodes to listen on local VIP, and SCAN listener LISTENER_SCAN1 (up to three cluster wide) to listen on SCAN VIP(s); 11gR2 database by default will set local_listener to local LISTENER, and remote_listener to SCAN listener.
- SCAN listener will be running off GRID_HOME, and by default, in 11gR2 local listener will be running off GRID_HOME as well.
Common Questions Regarding SCAN
The following is a list of commonly asked questions regarding SCAN:
How can we configure the SCAN and SCAN listener?
SCAN VIP and the corresponding SCAN listener works like a pair, when SCAN VIP fails over to other node, the corresponding SCAN listener will also be failed over to the same node.
When SCAN VIP fails over happens, it will always select a node with least running SCAN VIP, i.e., if SCAN VIP runs on node1, node2 and node3 of a 4-node cluster, if node3 goes down, the SCAN VIP and corresponding SCAN listener will be failed over to node4 as the other two nodes already have one SCAN VIP running on each node.
Also we can use 'srvctl' to add/modify the scan resource and the listeners. Please refer to "Real Application Clusters Admin and Deployment Guide" or Note 1053147.1 for more information.
Do we still need to configure local listeners on each node?
How does SCAN work ?
Instead of DNS or GNS, Can we use '/etc/hosts' to resolve SCAN?
Can we use the previous method (Using VIP) for client connection?
Clients can continue to access the cluster in the same way as with previous releases. Vips are still used internally, and can still be used for connections. But Oracle strongly recommends that clients accessing the cluster use the SCAN. Clients using the SCAN can also access the cluster using EZCONNECT.
Is it mandatory to use SCAN?
It's highly recommended to use SCAN unless there's strong business reason preventing it from being used.
Is it supported to remove SCAN?
SCAN is an elementary part of 11gR2 Grid Infrastructure, it's not supported to remove SCAN.
Is it recommended to use COST feature?
Demo
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