对象导航查询
对象图导航检索方式是根据已经加载的对象,导航到他的关联对象。它利用类与类之间的关系来检索对象。
例如:我们通过ID查询方式查出一个客户,可以调用Customer类中的getLinkMans()方法来获取该客户的所有联系人。对象导航查询的使用要求是:两个对象之间必须存在关联关系。
准备表和数据
实体类
package pers.zhang.entity;
/**
* @author zhang
* @date 2019/12/15 - 22:10
*/
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* 1.实体类和表的映射关系
* @Entity
* @Table
* 2.类中属性和表中字段的映射关系
* @Id
* @GeneratedValue
* @Colum
*/
@Entity //声明实体类
@Table(name="cst_customer") //建立实体类和表的映射关系
public class Customer {
@Id//声明当前私有属性为主键
@GeneratedValue(strategy= GenerationType.IDENTITY) //配置主键的生成策略
@Column(name="cust_id") //指定和表中cust_id字段的映射关系
private Long custId;
@Column(name="cust_name") //指定和表中cust_name字段的映射关系
private String custName;
@Column(name="cust_source")//指定和表中cust_source字段的映射关系
private String custSource;
@Column(name="cust_industry")//指定和表中cust_industry字段的映射关系
private String custIndustry;
@Column(name="cust_level")//指定和表中cust_level字段的映射关系
private String custLevel;
@Column(name="cust_address")//指定和表中cust_address字段的映射关系
private String custAddress;
@Column(name="cust_phone")//指定和表中cust_phone字段的映射关系
private String custPhone;
//配置客户和联系人之间的关系(一对多)
/*
1.声明关系:
配置一对多关系:@OneToMany:targetEntity(对方对象的字节码)
2.配置外键(中间表)
name:外键字段的名称
referencedColumnName:参照的主表的主键字段名称
在客户实体类上(一的一方)添加了外键的配置,所以对于客户而言,也具备了维护外键的作用
实际情况下,只需要一方维护关系即可
mappedBy表示:放弃外键维护,由对方维护,取值为对方配置关系的属性名称
级联:cascade
CascadeType.ALL:所有
MERGE:更新
PERSIST:保存
REMOVE:删除
fetch:配置关联对象的加载方式
EAGER:立即加载
LAZY:延迟加载
*/
// @OneToMany(targetEntity = LinkMan.class)
// @JoinColumn(name = "lkm_cust_id", referencedColumnName = "cust_id")
@OneToMany(mappedBy = "customer", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
private Set<LinkMan> linkMans = new HashSet<>();
public Set<LinkMan> getLinkMans() {
return linkMans;
}
public void setLinkMans(Set<LinkMan> linkMans) {
this.linkMans = linkMans;
}
public Long getCustId() {
return custId;
}
public void setCustId(Long custId) {
this.custId = custId;
}
public String getCustName() {
return custName;
}
public void setCustName(String custName) {
this.custName = custName;
}
public String getCustSource() {
return custSource;
}
public void setCustSource(String custSource) {
this.custSource = custSource;
}
public String getCustIndustry() {
return custIndustry;
}
public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry) {
this.custIndustry = custIndustry;
}
public String getCustLevel() {
return custLevel;
}
public void setCustLevel(String custLevel) {
this.custLevel = custLevel;
}
public String getCustAddress() {
return custAddress;
}
public void setCustAddress(String custAddress) {
this.custAddress = custAddress;
}
public String getCustPhone() {
return custPhone;
}
public void setCustPhone(String custPhone) {
this.custPhone = custPhone;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Customer{" +
"custId=" + custId +
", custName='" + custName + '\'' +
", custSource='" + custSource + '\'' +
", custIndustry='" + custIndustry + '\'' +
", custLevel='" + custLevel + '\'' +
", custAddress='" + custAddress + '\'' +
", custPhone='" + custPhone + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
package pers.zhang.entity;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import sun.awt.SunHints;
import javax.naming.Name;
import javax.persistence.*;
/**
* @author zhang
* @date 2019/12/17 - 20:23
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_linkman")
public class LinkMan {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "lkm_id")
private Long lkmId;//联系人编号
@Column(name = "lkm_name")
private String lkmName;//联系人姓名
@Column(name = "lkm_gender")
private String lkmGender;//联系人性别
@Column(name = "lkm_phone")
private String lkmPhone;//联系人办公电话
@Column(name = "lkm_mobile")
private String lkmMobile;//联系人手机
@Column(name = "lkm_email")
private String lkmEmail;//联系人E-mail
@Column(name = "lkm_position")
private String lkmPosition;//联系人地址
@Column(name = "lkm_memo")
private String lkmMemo;//联系人备注
//配置联系人到客户的多对一关系
/*
@ManyToOne:配置多对一关系
targetEntity:对方的实体类额字节码
@JoinColumn:配置外键(中间表)
name:外键字段名
referencedColumnName:外键引用的主表主键字段名
*/
@ManyToOne(targetEntity = Customer.class)
@JoinColumn(name = "lkm_cust_id", referencedColumnName = "cust_id")
private Customer customer;
public Customer getCustomer() {
return customer;
}
public void setCustomer(Customer customer) {
this.customer = customer;
}
public Long getLkmId() {
return lkmId;
}
public void setLkmId(Long lkmId) {
this.lkmId = lkmId;
}
public String getLkmName() {
return lkmName;
}
public void setLkmName(String lkmName) {
this.lkmName = lkmName;
}
public String getLkmGender() {
return lkmGender;
}
public void setLkmGender(String lkmGender) {
this.lkmGender = lkmGender;
}
public String getLkmPhone() {
return lkmPhone;
}
public void setLkmPhone(String lkmPhone) {
this.lkmPhone = lkmPhone;
}
public String getLkmMobile() {
return lkmMobile;
}
public void setLkmMobile(String lkmMobile) {
this.lkmMobile = lkmMobile;
}
public String getLkmEmail() {
return lkmEmail;
}
public void setLkmEmail(String lkmEmail) {
this.lkmEmail = lkmEmail;
}
public String getLkmPosition() {
return lkmPosition;
}
public void setLkmPosition(String lkmPosition) {
this.lkmPosition = lkmPosition;
}
public String getLkmMemo() {
return lkmMemo;
}
public void setLkmMemo(String lkmMemo) {
this.lkmMemo = lkmMemo;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "LinkMan{" +
"lkmId=" + lkmId +
", lkmName='" + lkmName + '\'' +
", lkmGender='" + lkmGender + '\'' +
", lkmPhone='" + lkmPhone + '\'' +
", lkmMobile='" + lkmMobile + '\'' +
", lkmEmail='" + lkmEmail + '\'' +
", lkmPosition='" + lkmPosition + '\'' +
", lkmMemo='" + lkmMemo + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
Dao接口
public interface LinkManDao extends JpaRepository<LinkMan, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<LinkMan> {
}
public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<Customer> {
}
测试类
package pers.zhang;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import pers.zhang.dao.CustomerDao;
import pers.zhang.dao.LinkManDao;
import pers.zhang.entity.Customer;
import pers.zhang.entity.LinkMan;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* @author zhang
* @date 2019/12/17 - 23:25
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class QueryByObjectTest {
@Autowired
private CustomerDao customerDao;
@Autowired
private LinkManDao linkManDao;
/*
对象导航查询:查询一个对象的时候,通过此对象查询所有关联对象
默认使用的是延迟加载的形式查询的
调用get方法并不会立即发送查询,而是在使用关联对象的时候才会查询
如果不像使用延迟加载:
修改配置:fetch,需要配置到多表映射关系的注解上(OneToMany、ManyToMany、OneToOne)
*/
@Test
@Transactional//解决no session问题
public void testQuery1(){
Customer customer = customerDao.getOne(10L);
//对象导航查询,此客户下的所有联系人
Set<LinkMan> linkMans = customer.getLinkMans();
for(LinkMan l : linkMans)
System.out.println(l);
/*
Hibernate: select customer0_.cust_id as cust_id1_0_0_, customer0_.cust_address as cust_add2_0_0_, customer0_.cust_industry as cust_ind3_0_0_, customer0_.cust_level as cust_lev4_0_0_, customer0_.cust_name as cust_nam5_0_0_, customer0_.cust_phone as cust_pho6_0_0_, customer0_.cust_source as cust_sou7_0_0_ from cst_customer customer0_ where customer0_.cust_id=?
Hibernate: select linkmans0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cust9_1_0_, linkmans0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_0_, linkmans0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cust9_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_email as lkm_emai2_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_gender as lkm_gend3_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_memo as lkm_memo4_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_mobile as lkm_mobi5_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_name as lkm_name6_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_phone as lkm_phon7_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_position as lkm_posi8_1_1_ from cst_linkman linkmans0_ where linkmans0_.lkm_cust_id=?
LinkMan{lkmId=3, lkmName='二狗', lkmGender='null', lkmPhone='null', lkmMobile='null', lkmEmail='null', lkmPosition='null', lkmMemo='null'}
LinkMan{lkmId=1, lkmName='小李', lkmGender='null', lkmPhone='null', lkmMobile='null', lkmEmail='null', lkmPosition='null', lkmMemo='null'}
*/
}
/*
对象导航查询:查询一个对象的时候,通过此对象查询所有关联对象
*/
@Test
@Transactional//解决no session问题
public void testQuery2(){
Customer customer = customerDao.getOne(10L);
//对象导航查询,此客户下的所有联系人
Set<LinkMan> linkMans = customer.getLinkMans();
for(LinkMan l : linkMans)
System.out.println(l);
/*
Hibernate: select customer0_.cust_id as cust_id1_0_0_, customer0_.cust_address as cust_add2_0_0_, customer0_.cust_industry as cust_ind3_0_0_, customer0_.cust_level as cust_lev4_0_0_, customer0_.cust_name as cust_nam5_0_0_, customer0_.cust_phone as cust_pho6_0_0_, customer0_.cust_source as cust_sou7_0_0_ from cst_customer customer0_ where customer0_.cust_id=?
Hibernate: select linkmans0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cust9_1_0_, linkmans0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_0_, linkmans0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cust9_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_email as lkm_emai2_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_gender as lkm_gend3_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_memo as lkm_memo4_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_mobile as lkm_mobi5_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_name as lkm_name6_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_phone as lkm_phon7_1_1_, linkmans0_.lkm_position as lkm_posi8_1_1_ from cst_linkman linkmans0_ where linkmans0_.lkm_cust_id=?
LinkMan{lkmId=3, lkmName='二狗', lkmGender='null', lkmPhone='null', lkmMobile='null', lkmEmail='null', lkmPosition='null', lkmMemo='null'}
LinkMan{lkmId=1, lkmName='小李', lkmGender='null', lkmPhone='null', lkmMobile='null', lkmEmail='null', lkmPosition='null', lkmMemo='null'}
*/
}
/*
从多的一方查询:从联系人导航查询他所属客户
默认为立即加载
本质为:
从一方查询多方
* 默认:使用延迟加载(****)
从多方查询一方
* 默认:使用立即加载
*/
@Test
@Transactional//解决no session问题
public void testQuery3(){
LinkMan linkMan = linkManDao.getOne(2l);
//对象导航查询所属客户
Customer customer = linkMan.getCustomer();
System.out.println(customer);
/*
Hibernate: select linkman0_.lkm_id as lkm_id1_1_0_, linkman0_.lkm_cust_id as lkm_cust9_1_0_, linkman0_.lkm_email as lkm_emai2_1_0_, linkman0_.lkm_gender as lkm_gend3_1_0_, linkman0_.lkm_memo as lkm_memo4_1_0_, linkman0_.lkm_mobile as lkm_mobi5_1_0_, linkman0_.lkm_name as lkm_name6_1_0_, linkman0_.lkm_phone as lkm_phon7_1_0_, linkman0_.lkm_position as lkm_posi8_1_0_, customer1_.cust_id as cust_id1_0_1_, customer1_.cust_address as cust_add2_0_1_, customer1_.cust_industry as cust_ind3_0_1_, customer1_.cust_level as cust_lev4_0_1_, customer1_.cust_name as cust_nam5_0_1_, customer1_.cust_phone as cust_pho6_0_1_, customer1_.cust_source as cust_sou7_0_1_ from cst_linkman linkman0_ left outer join cst_customer customer1_ on linkman0_.lkm_cust_id=customer1_.cust_id where linkman0_.lkm_id=?
Customer{custId=11, custName='育碧', custSource='null', custIndustry='null', custLevel='null', custAddress='null', custPhone='null'}
*/
}
}