SpringCloudAlibaba--Sentinel熔断、熔断框架比较

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-07 09:38:00 发布

吴声子夜歌

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-07 09:38:00 发布

阅读量955

点赞数 1

分类专栏： SpringCloudAlibaba 文章标签： Sentinel熔断熔断框架比较

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/cold___play/article/details/105037989

版权

SpringCloudAlibaba 专栏收录该内容

23 篇文章 16 订阅

订阅专栏

Sentinel服务熔断

sentinel整合ribbon+openFeign+fallback
Ribbon：
- 提供者9003/9004
- 消费者84
Feign：

新建cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003/9004

依赖：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>pers.zhang.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-provider-payment9003</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency><!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
            <groupId>pers.zhang.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

配置：application.yml

server:
  port: 9003
spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

Controller：

@RestController
public class PaymentController {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    String serverPort;

    public static HashMap<Long, Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();

    static {
        hashMap.put(1L, new Payment(1L, "1111111111111"));
        hashMap.put(2L, new Payment(2L, "2222222222222"));
        hashMap.put(3L, new Payment(3L, "3333333333333"));
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
        CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200, "from mysql, serverPort: " + serverPort, payment);
        return result;
    }
}

启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class Payment9003 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Payment9003.class, args);
    }
}
```**新建cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84**
依赖：
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>pers.zhang.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order84</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud openfeign -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>pers.zhang.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web组件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

配置：application.yml

server:
  port: 84

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-order-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
    sentinel:
      transport:
        dashboard: localhost:8080
        port: 8719

service-url:
  nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

Controller:

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class CircleBreakerController {

    public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";

    @Resource
    RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback")
    //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback")//fallback只负责业务异常
    //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler")//blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规
    //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback", fallback = "handlerFallback", blockHandler = "blockHandler")
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/" + id, CommonResult.class);
        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("IllegalArgumentException 非法参数异常...");
        } else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("NullPointerException  空指针异常...");
        }
        return result;
    }

    //本例是fallback
    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable  Long id,Throwable e) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }
    //本例是blockHandler
    public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable  Long id, BlockException blockException) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException  "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
    }

启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderNacosMain84 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
    }
}

测试：
启动nacos、Sentinel、9003、9004以及84微服务：
在这里插入图片描述

访问：localhost:84/consumer/fallback/id
在这里插入图片描述
id为4，返回非法参数

id为其它，返回空指针

直接返回错误不够友好，所以我们添加fallback方法。
修改@SentinelResource，并添加fallback方法：
在这里插入图片描述

重启84，访问：localhost:84/consumer/fallback/id

修改@SentinelResource，只配置blockHandler：
在这里插入图片描述

配置降级规则：
在这里插入图片描述
重启84，访问：localhost:84/consumer/fallback/id，第一次结果如下：

访问：localhost:84/consumer/fallback/id，（2秒内）第三次结果如下：

触发blockHandler。

同时配置fallback和blockHandler
在这里插入图片描述

流控配置：
在这里插入图片描述

重启84，快速多次访问(1秒内超过1次)：localhost:84/consumer/fallback/1
在这里插入图片描述
结论：程序本身无异常，如果触发blockHandler则执行blockHandler。

单次访问：localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4：
在这里插入图片描述
快速多次访问(1秒内超过1次)：localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

结论：在未触发blockHandler的情况下，程序出现异常则执行fallback；如果触发blockHandler，优先执行BlockHandler；

异常忽略：
忽略非法参数异常,假如报该异常，不再有fallback方法兜底，失去降级效果
在这里插入图片描述
重启84，访问：localhost:84/consumer/fallback/4

整合Feign

增加依赖：

		<!--SpringCloud openfeign -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

添加配置：

#激活sentinel对feign的支持
feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true

启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients//开启Feign
public class OrderNacosMain84 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class, args);
    }
}

新增接口：

@FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider", fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)
public interface PaymentService {

    @GetMapping(value = "/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

兜底类：

@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService {
    @Override
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(Long id) {
        return new CommonResult<>(444, "服务降级返回，-----PaymentFallbackService",new Payment(id, "errorSerial"));
    }
}

Controller:

//==================OpenFeign
    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @GetMapping(value = "/consumer/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id)
    {
        return paymentService.paymentSQL(id);
    }

测试：启动nacos，启动sentinel，启动9003、9004和84微服务：

访问：localhost:84/consumer/paymentSQL/1
在这里插入图片描述

测试84调用9003/9004，此时故意关闭9003/9004微服务提供者，看84消费侧自动降级，不会被耗死：
在这里插入图片描述

熔断框架比较

	Sentinel	Hystrix	resilience4j
隔离策略	信号量隔离（并发线程数限流）	线程池隔离/信号量隔离	信号量隔离
熔断降级策略	基于时间响应、异常比率、异常数	基于异常比率	基于异常比率、响应时间
实时统计实现	滑动窗口（LeapArray）	滑动窗口（基于RxJava）	Ring Bit Buffer
动态规则配置	支持多种数据源	支持多种数据源	有限支持
扩展性	多个扩展点	插件形式	接口形式
基于注解的支持	支持	支持	支持
限流	基于QPS、支持基于调用关系的限流	有限的支持	Rate Limiter