Difference between itk::WarpImageFilter and ResampleImageFilter

The code of the WarpImageFilter is
relatively simple.

For practical purposes you may see the
WarpImageFilter as a variation of the
ResampleImageFilter. The difference being
that it supports a deformation field instead
of a transform.

As the ResampleImageFilter, all the mapping
is done in spatial coordinates as opposed to
pixel coordinates. In order to do this consistently
you have to make sure that both input and output
have the spacing an origin well defined.