Linux下安装Mysql5.7.x数据库

首先检查是否存在mariadb 如果存在需要卸载

ps -ef| grep mariadb

mysql    31760 28814  0 18:16 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mariadb

 

rpm -qa | grep mariadb

mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

卸载

rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

会提示有依赖于这的安装包，那么就强制卸载，不查检依赖：

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64

将所有的mariadb安装包都删除，然后自行安装MySQL就可以了

1---->rpm -qa|grep -i mysql 检查是否已经有安装，可见已经安装了库文件，应该先卸载，不然会出现覆盖错误。注意卸:载时使用了--nodeps选项，忽略了依赖关系

2---->检查用户组是否存储cat /etc/group | grep mysql

检查用户是否存在cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

[mysql@oracledb_178 ~]$ cat /etc/group | grep mysql

mysql:x:1002:

[mysql@oracledb_178 ~]$ cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

mysql:x:1001:1002::/home/mysql:/bin/bash

3---->如果不存在新建

groupadd mysql 建立用户组

useradd -r -g mysql mysql 建立用户 useradd -r参数表示mysql用户是系统用户，不可用于登录系统

进入mysql文件夹，也就是mysql所在的目录，并更改所属的组和用户

chown -R mysql .

chgrp -R mysql .

4---->解压

tar xvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 ../mysql-5.7.18

5---->执行mysql_install_db脚本 报错 mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize

2017-09-01 11:50:57 [ERROR]   The data directory needs to be specified.mysql_install_db 已经不再推荐使用了，建议改成 mysqld –initialize 完成实例初始化

5.7.X的版本使用mysqld

执行命令：

./mysqld --user=mysql --datadir=/home/mysql/mysql-5.7.18/data --basedir=/home/mysql/mysql-5.7.18  --initialize

结果如下：必须记住A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Cuc_gue<B7Li

 

017-09-01T10:22:39.683534Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)

2017-09-01T10:22:39.683770Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

2017-09-01T10:22:39.684125Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

2017-09-01T10:22:42.210352Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

2017-09-01T10:22:42.696775Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2017-09-01T10:22:42.776470Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 7d47ff18-8eff-11e7-

9079-000c2918d28c.2017-09-01T10:22:42.780141Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.

2017-09-01T10:22:42.781062Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Cuc_gue<B7Li

 

6----> 检测一下是否能启动

./mysql.server start

./mysql.server: line 239: my_print_defaults: command not found

./mysql.server: line 259: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory

Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)

修改./mysql.server文件的

basedir=/home/mysql/mysql-5.7.18

datadir=/home/mysql/mysql-5.7.18/data

执行

$ ./mysql.server start

Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!

 

6---->配置my.cnf

[mysqld]

basedir=/home/mysql/mysql-5.7.18

datadir=/home/mysql/mysql-5.7.18/data

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.

# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,

# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the

# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

character_set_server=utf8

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/home/mysql/mysql-5.7.18/data/error.log

pid-file=/home/mysql/mysql-5.7.18/data/oracledb_178.pid

#

# include all files from the config directory

#

!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

 

7---->拷贝启动文件到/etc/init.d/下并重命令为mysqld

cp /home/mysql/mysql-5.7.18/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

 

8------->增加执行权限

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

 

9------->检查自启动项列表中没有mysqld这个，如果没有就添加mysqld：

chkconfig --list mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

 

10---------->用这个命令设置开机启动：

chkconfig mysqld on

 

11---------->停止mysql服务

service mysqld stop

重启mysql服务

service mysqld restart

12--->初始化mysql用户root的密码

先将mysql服务停止

# service mysqld stop

 

进入mysql安装目录，

 

cd mysql-5.7.18/bin

执行

./mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking&

 

然后打开另一个新的ssl窗口

cd mysql-5.7.18/bing

./mysql -u root mysql

执行

mysql> use mysql;

Database changed

mysql> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD('123456') WHERE user='root';

ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list'

mysql>

update user set authentication_string = PASSWORD('123456') where user = 'root';

 

执行 mysql>\s

--------------

./mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.18, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

Connection id: 3

Current database: mysql

Current user: root@

SSL: Not in use

Current pager: stdout

Using outfile: ''

Using delimiter: ;

Server version: 5.7.18 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Protocol version: 10

Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket

Server characterset: latin1

Db     characterset: latin1

Client characterset: utf8

Conn.  characterset: utf8

UNIX socket: /tmp/mysql.sock

Uptime: 3 min 57 sec

 

Threads: 1  Questions: 43  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 127  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 52  Queries per second avg: 0.181

--------------

 

mysql> exit;

 

12--->重新启动mysql服务， 用新密码连接mysql

mysql@oracledb_178 bin]$ ./mysql -uroot -p

13---> 远程授权

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';

grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456'; 

ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement

 

出现上面的错误只需要执行mysql>flush privileges;

 

在执行

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

 

客户端navacat无法连接关闭防火墙

关闭firewall：

systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewall

systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall开机启动

firewall-cmd --state #查看默认防火墙状态（关闭后显示notrunning，开启后显示running）

 

12--->最后重新启动一下，然后客户端就可以连接mysql了