保姆级linux安装mysql5.7的教程

rpm包安装mysql

一、mysql安装包下载

• 官网下载地址

https://www.mysql.com/downloads/

• 点击GPL

• 选择server

• 选择系统版本点击下载
  

centos版本

二、检查

如果说没有安装过无需检查，安装过执行以下步骤

1、查看是否安装mysql

rpm -qa|grep -i mysql

2、卸载

rpm -e xxx（普通删除）
rpm -e --nodeps（强力删除）

三、解压

tar -xvf  mysql-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

下载到的安装包解压后会包括以下rpm包：

mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm：服务端安装包
mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm：客户端安装包
mysql-community-devel-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm：包含开发用的库头文件安装包
mysql-community-test-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm：一些测试的安装包
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm：嵌入式mysql的安装包
mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm：mysql共享库安装包
mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm：MySQL的配置安装包
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm：mysql兼容性库安装包
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm：嵌入式开发库的安装包

四、顺序安装

上述的rpm包按需安装即可。一般mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm、
mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm、mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm、mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm、mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm即可满足基本需求。
由于rpm的依赖关系，需要按顺序安装，此处列出安装顺序：

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

五、修改配置文件

配置文件不一定需要更改，按自己的需求更改

vi /etc/my.cnf 

[mysqld]
port=3306	#设置端口
character-set-server=utf8	#设置编码格式
max_connections=1000	#设置最大连接数为1000
max_allowed_packet=67108864 #单次执行sql语句的最大的byte
datadir=/var/lib/mysql #（可能已有）datadir为mysql的 data 包存放路径
lower_case_table_names=1 # 设置表名大小写不敏感
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES #开启严格模式

六、启动数据库

service mysqld start #开启
systemctl enable mysqld #开机启动
service mysqld stop #停止
service mysqld restart #重启

七、初始化root密码（mysql5.7以后自动生成随机密码）

sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

使用上面的临时密码登录MySQL

mysql -uroot -p # 回车键入临时密码

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; # 查看密码规则


mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';	#修改为新密码


mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');#修改root密码为123456，如果提示ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements，则说明密码设置太简单，如果想设置123456这样的简单密码，可在SQL中执行：
	#mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
	#mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
	#这样再次执行SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456')就可成功。

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;=

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;

mysql> flush privileges; # 刷新权限

mysql> quit # 退出数据库

service mysqld restart #重启数据库