swift Error handling

/*

  Swift error represented by types that conform to Error protocol

 

 */

//example

enum VendingMachineErr: Error {

    case invalidSelection

    case insufficientMoney(coinsNeeded:Int)

    case outOfStack

}

//throw VendingMachineErr.insufficientMoney(coinsNeeded: 5)

/*

  functions with throws keyword throwing error

    next time you call this function you have to put try keyword

 */

struct Snack{

    var itemCount:Int

    var itemPrice:Int

}

class VendingMachine{

    var itemList=["WangLaoJi":Snack(itemCount:10,itemPrice:3),

                  "JiaDuoBao":Snack(itemCount:10,itemPrice:2),

                  "MiMi":Snack(itemCount:10,itemPrice:1)]

    var coins=0

    /* 

    var a:Snack{

        get {

            return itemList["MiMi"]! // remember dictionary returns optional

        }

    }*/

    func vend(itemName:String) throws {

        guard let item = itemList[itemName] else{

            throw VendingMachineErr.invalidSelection

        }

        guard item.itemCount > 0 else{

            throw VendingMachineErr.outOfStack

        }

        guard item.itemPrice <= coins else{

            let gap = item.itemPrice - coins

            throw VendingMachineErr.insufficientMoney(coinsNeeded: gap)

        }

        coins -= item.itemPrice

        //item.itemCount -= 1 //it's value type, so doesn't count

        itemList[itemName]?.itemCount -= 1// dictional returns optional

        

        print("dispensing \(itemName)")

    }

}

var machine1 = VendingMachine()

machine1.coins = 1

machine1.itemList["MiMi"]?.itemCount

//try machine1.vend(itemName: "MiMi")

machine1.itemList["MiMi"]?.itemCount

do {

    try machine1.vend(itemName: "WangLaoJi")

}catch VendingMachineErr.invalidSelection{

    print("Don't have the item you looking for")

}catch VendingMachineErr.insufficientMoney(var gap){

    // var gap      just like switch case in enum

    print("insert \(gap) coins")

}

/*

    try? try!

 */

func test() throws -> String?{

    return "something"

}

func someTest() -> String?{

    if let a = try? test() {

        return a

    }else if let b = try! test(){

        return b

    }

    return nil

}

/*

  defer statements ensure excution  until current scope exited

 */

/*

func processFile(filename:String) throws {

    if exists(filename) {

        let file = open(filename)

        defer{

            close(file)

        }

        while let line = try file.readline(){

            //actions

        }

        

    }

}

 

 */