understanding oracle 10g incremental updated backup using rman

those days i try to understand incremental updated backup, example :

RMAN> run {
2> recover copy of database with tag 'level_0';
3> backup incremental level 1 for recover of copy with tag 'level_0' database format '/backup/%UORA10G';
4> }

Starting recover at 02-JAN-08
using channel ORA_DISK_1
no copy of datafile 1 found to recover
no copy of datafile 2 found to recover
no copy of datafile 3 found to recover
no copy of datafile 4 found to recover
Finished recover at 02-JAN-08

Starting backup at 02-JAN-08
using channel ORA_DISK_1
no parent backup or copy of datafile 1 found
no parent backup or copy of datafile 3 found
no parent backup or copy of datafile 2 found
no parent backup or copy of datafile 4 found
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00001 name=/database/ora10g/system01.dbf
output filename=/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1_08j56c1s tag=LEVEL_0 recid=5 stamp=642986080
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:45
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00003 name=/database/ora10g/sysaux01.dbf
output filename=/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3_09j56c39 tag=LEVEL_0 recid=6 stamp=642986115
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00002 name=/database/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf
output filename=/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-2_0aj56c4d tag=LEVEL_0 recid=7 stamp=642986127
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile fno=00004 name=/database/ora10g/users01.dbf
output filename=/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-USERS_FNO-4_0bj56c4g tag=LEVEL_0 recid=8 stamp=642986129
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 02-JAN-08
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 02-JAN-08
piece handle=/backup/0cj56c4h_1_1ORA10G tag=TAG20080102T231404 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 02-JAN-08

memo: finish first backup ,only generated level_0 tag backup.no level 1 backup generated.

RMAN> list copy of database;

List of Datafile Copies
Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
------- ---- - --------------- ---------- --------------- ----
5 1 A 02-JAN-08 469003 02-JAN-08 /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1_08j56c1s
7 2 A 02-JAN-08 469104 02-JAN-08 /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-2_0aj56c4d
6 3 A 02-JAN-08 469052 02-JAN-08 /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3_09j56c39
8 4 A 02-JAN-08 469105 02-JAN-08 /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-USERS_FNO-4_0bj56c4g
notice: SCN: 469003.

RMAN> run {
2> recover copy of database with tag 'level_0';
3> backup incremental level 1 for recover of copy with tag 'level_0' database format '/backup/%Uora10g';
4> }

Starting recover at 02-JAN-08
using channel ORA_DISK_1
no copy of datafile 1 found to recover
no copy of datafile 2 found to recover
no copy of datafile 3 found to recover
no copy of datafile 4 found to recover
Finished recover at 02-JAN-08

Starting backup at 02-JAN-08
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/database/ora10g/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/database/ora10g/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/database/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/database/ora10g/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 02-JAN-08
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 02-JAN-08
piece handle=/backup/0dj56cd4_1_1ora10g tag=TAG20080102T232003 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 02-JAN-08
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 02-JAN-08
piece handle=/backup/0ej56ce7_1_1ora10g tag=TAG20080102T232003 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 02-JAN-08
notice: now we have level 1 incremental backup. but we do not have anyting avaliable for recover level 0 backup.

RMAN> run {
2> recover copy of database with tag 'level_0';
3> backup incremental level 1 for recover of copy with tag 'level_0' database format '/backup/%Uora10g';
4> }

Starting recover at 02-JAN-08
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile copies to recover
recovering datafile copy fno=00001 name=/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1_08j56c1s
recovering datafile copy fno=00002 name=/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-2_0aj56c4d
recovering datafile copy fno=00003 name=/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3_09j56c39
recovering datafile copy fno=00004 name=/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-USERS_FNO-4_0bj56c4g
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/0dj56cd4_1_1ora10g
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/backup/0dj56cd4_1_1ora10g tag=TAG20080102T232003
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:09
Finished recover at 02-JAN-08

Starting backup at 02-JAN-08
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=/database/ora10g/system01.dbf
input datafile fno=00003 name=/database/ora10g/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile fno=00002 name=/database/ora10g/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile fno=00004 name=/database/ora10g/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 02-JAN-08
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 02-JAN-08
piece handle=/backup/0fj56ckf_1_1ora10g tag=TAG20080102T232359 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental level 1 datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 02-JAN-08
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 02-JAN-08
piece handle=/backup/0gj56clj_1_1ora10g tag=TAG20080102T232359 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at 02-JAN-08

notice : we found this time we have something to apply to level 0 copy of dtabase. let us check the copy information:

RMAN> list copy of database;

List of Datafile Copies
Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
------- ---- - --------------- ---------- --------------- ----
12 1 A 02-JAN-08 469368 02-JAN-08 /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1_08j56c1s
10 2 A 02-JAN-08 469368 02-JAN-08 /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-2_0aj56c4d
11 3 A 02-JAN-08 469368 02-JAN-08 /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3_09j56c39
9 4 A 02-JAN-08 469368 02-JAN-08 /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/data_D-ORA10G_I-3961855384_TS-USERS_FNO-4_0bj56c4g
now the scn:469368 it prove the level 1 backup definitly apply to the level 0 copy of database.

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