Arduino例子----EdgeDetection

1. 功能描述

一旦你使一个按钮正常工作， 你通常想要基于按钮被按了多少次进行不同的动作。为了完成这个目的，当按钮的状态从关改为开时你需要知道，并统计状态改变发生了多少次。这称为状态改变测试或者边界测试。

 

2. 需要硬件

ü  Arduino 板子

ü  按钮或者开关

ü  10K欧姆电阻

ü  面包板

ü  安装线

 

3. 电路连接图

 

链接三条线到Arduino主板。第一条线链接按钮的一条腿，通过一个下拉电阻（这里是10K欧姆）到地。第二条线从按钮的corresponding leg 链接到5v电压。第三条线链接到一个数字I/O针脚（本例为2号），从这个针脚读取按钮的状态。

当按钮没有按下时，在按钮的两条腿之间没有链接，所以，针脚2号接地（通过一个10K欧姆的下拉电阻），我们读取到一个LOW。当按下按钮时，在按钮的两条腿之间形成一个链接，链接针脚2号到5v电压，所以，我们读取到一个HIGH（这个针脚依然链接到地，但是这个电阻阻值了电流的流动，所以最小阻力的路径是链接到+5v电压。）

 

4. 原理图

下面程序持续不断地读取按钮的状态。然后它通过主loop()循环不断地比较按钮的状态和上次的状态。如果当前状态不同于上一次的状态，且当前状态为HIGH，则按钮有关改为开。然后程序吧按钮的计算器加1。

本程序也可以检测按钮计数器的值，如果它是4的偶数倍，程序打开13号针脚的LED灯。否则，程序关闭这个LED灯。

 

5. 程序

 

/*

  State change detection (edge detection)

       

 Often, you don't need to know the state of a digital input all the time,

 but you just need to know when the input changes from one state to another.

 For example, you want to know when a button goes from OFF to ON.  This is called

 state change detection, or edge detection.

 

 This example shows how to detect when a button or button changes from off to on

 and on to off.

       

 The circuit:

 * pushbutton attached to pin 2 from +5V

 * 10K resistor attached to pin 2 from ground

 * LED attached from pin 13 to ground (or use the built-in LED on

   most Arduino boards)

 

 created  27 Sep 2005

 modified 30 Aug 2011

 by Tom Igoe

 

This example code is in the public domain.

       

 http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/ButtonStateChange

 

 */

 

// this constant won't change:

const int  buttonPin = 2;    // the pin that the pushbutton is attached to

const int ledPin = 13;       // the pin that the LED is attached to

 

// Variables will change:

int buttonPushCounter = 0;   // counter for the number of button presses

int buttonState = 0;         // current state of the button

int lastButtonState = 0;     // previous state of the button

 

void setup() {

  // initialize the button pin as a input:

  pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);

  // initialize the LED as an output:

  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);

  // initialize serial communication:

  Serial.begin(9600);

}

 

 

void loop() {

  // read the pushbutton input pin:

  buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);

 

 

  // compare the buttonState to its previous state

  if (buttonState != lastButtonState) {

    // if the state has changed, increment the counter

    if (buttonState == HIGH) {

      // if the current state is HIGH then the button

      // wend from off to on:

      buttonPushCounter++;

      Serial.println("on");

      Serial.print("number of button pushes:  ");

      Serial.println(buttonPushCounter);

    }

    else {

      // if the current state is LOW then the button

      // wend from on to off:

      Serial.println("off");

    }

  }

  // save the current state as the last state,

  //for next time through the loop

  lastButtonState = buttonState;

 

 

  // turns on the LED every four button pushes by

  // checking the modulo of the button push counter.

  // the modulo function gives you the remainder of

  // the division of two numbers:

  if (buttonPushCounter % 4 == 0) {

    digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);

  } else {

   digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);

  }

}

 

 

6. 实验照片

 

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