Tomcat JSP 原理（一）~ 转换篇

龙泉寺天下行走

已于 2024-01-11 15:15:18 修改

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文章标签： java tomcat 开发语言

于 2024-01-11 13:37:58 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/coolinfo/article/details/135525588

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Tomcat是Servlet容器，也是JSP容器，其实他是将JSP转换为Servlet 实现的

1.手工部署JSP

在Tomcat的webapps下建立jsptest文件夹

在jsptest文件夹下建立 test.jsp

示例代码如下：

<%@page import="java.text.SimpleDateFormat" %>
<%@page import="java.util.*" %>

<html>
<body>
<%
	Date d = new Date();
	SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
	String noe = df.format(d);
%>
Now = <%=noe %>
</html>

2. 启动Tomcat

在 tomcat的bin目录启动tomcat,运行startup.bat(Windows)

3.在浏览器访问JSP

http://localhost:8080/jsptest/test.jsp

浏览器如下图

4.原理分析（转换为servlet程序）

访问 tomcat 的work目录如下：

└─localhost
.....
├─jsptest
│ └─org
│ └─apache
│ └─jsp

可以看到在其中有test_jsp.java程序，这个程序对应的就是 test.jsp转换为JAVA的代码，代码如下：

/*
 * Generated by the Jasper component of Apache Tomcat
 * Version: Apache Tomcat/9.0.84
 * Generated at: 2024-01-11 04:59:17 UTC
 * Note: The last modified time of this file was set to
 *       the last modified time of the source file after
 *       generation to assist with modification tracking.
 */
package org.apache.jsp;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;

public final class test_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
    implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent,
                 org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceImports {

  private static final javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory _jspxFactory =
          javax.servlet.jsp.JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();

  private static java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> _jspx_dependants;

  private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_packages;

  private static final java.util.Set<java.lang.String> _jspx_imports_classes;

  static {
    _jspx_imports_packages = new java.util.HashSet<>();
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet");
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("java.util");
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.http");
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet.jsp");
    _jspx_imports_classes = new java.util.HashSet<>();
    _jspx_imports_classes.add("java.text.SimpleDateFormat");
  }

  private volatile javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
  private volatile org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_instancemanager;

  public java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.Long> getDependants() {
    return _jspx_dependants;
  }

  public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getPackageImports() {
    return _jspx_imports_packages;
  }

  public java.util.Set<java.lang.String> getClassImports() {
    return _jspx_imports_classes;
  }

  public javax.el.ExpressionFactory _jsp_getExpressionFactory() {
    if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (_el_expressionfactory == null) {
          _el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
        }
      }
    }
    return _el_expressionfactory;
  }

  public org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager _jsp_getInstanceManager() {
    if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
      synchronized (this) {
        if (_jsp_instancemanager == null) {
          _jsp_instancemanager = org.apache.jasper.runtime.InstanceManagerFactory.getInstanceManager(getServletConfig());
        }
      }
    }
    return _jsp_instancemanager;
  }

  public void _jspInit() {
  }

  public void _jspDestroy() {
  }

  public void _jspService(final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, final javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response)
      throws java.io.IOException, javax.servlet.ServletException {

    if (!javax.servlet.DispatcherType.ERROR.equals(request.getDispatcherType())) {
      final java.lang.String _jspx_method = request.getMethod();
      if ("OPTIONS".equals(_jspx_method)) {
        response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
        return;
      }
      if (!"GET".equals(_jspx_method) && !"POST".equals(_jspx_method) && !"HEAD".equals(_jspx_method)) {
        response.setHeader("Allow","GET, HEAD, POST, OPTIONS");
        response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, "JSP 只允许 GET、POST 或 HEAD。Jasper 还允许 OPTIONS");
        return;
      }
    }

    final javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext pageContext;
    javax.servlet.http.HttpSession session = null;
    final javax.servlet.ServletContext application;
    final javax.servlet.ServletConfig config;
    javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter out = null;
    final java.lang.Object page = this;
    javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
    javax.servlet.jsp.PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;


    try {
      response.setContentType("text/html");
      pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext(this, request, response,
      			null, true, 8192, true);
      _jspx_page_context = pageContext;
      application = pageContext.getServletContext();
      config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
      session = pageContext.getSession();
      out = pageContext.getOut();
      _jspx_out = out;

      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("<html>\r\n");
      out.write("<body>\r\n");

	Date d = new Date();
	SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
	String noe = df.format(d);

      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("Now = ");
      out.print(noe );
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("</html>");
    } catch (java.lang.Throwable t) {
      if (!(t instanceof javax.servlet.jsp.SkipPageException)){
        out = _jspx_out;
        if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
          try {
            if (response.isCommitted()) {
              out.flush();
            } else {
              out.clearBuffer();
            }
          } catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
        if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
        else throw new ServletException(t);
      }
    } finally {
      _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
    }
  }
}

可以看到<%@ page import %>对应了

    _jspx_imports_packages.add("javax.servlet");
    _jspx_imports_packages.add("java.util");

而直接插入的HTML部分对应了

_jspx_out = out;

      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("\r\n");
      out.write("<html>\r\n");
      out.write("<body>\r\n");

的部分

而<% XXXX %>直接被复制到Servlet中

   Date d = new Date();
   SimpleDateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
   String noe = df.format(d);

由此可知Tomcat解析后直接将其转换为了标准JAVA程序；然后通过编译生成.class文件部署后，直接采用Servlet容器提供访问。