leetcode 二叉树路径和 path sum

1.

Given a binary tree and a sum, determine if the tree has a root-to-leaf path such that adding up all the values along the path equals the given sum.

For example:
Given the below binary tree and sum = 22,

 

              5
             / \
            4   8
           /   / \
          11  13  4
         /  \      \
        7    2      1

/**
  * Definition for binary tree
  * struct TreeNode {
  *     int val;
  *     TreeNode *left;
  *     TreeNode *right;
  *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
  * };
  */
 class Solution {
 public:
     bool dfs(TreeNode *node, int sum, int curSum)
     {
         if (node == NULL)
             return false;
         
         if (node->left == NULL && node->right == NULL)
             return curSum + node->val == sum;
                
         return dfs(node->left, sum, curSum + node->val) || dfs(node->right, sum, curSum + node->val);
     }
     
     bool hasPathSum(TreeNode *root, int sum) {
         
         return dfs(root, sum, 0);
     }
 };

/**
 * Definition for binary tree
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     struct TreeNode *left;
 *     struct TreeNode *right;
  * };
 */
bool dfs(struct TreeNode *node, int sum, int cur);
bool hasPathSum(struct TreeNode *root, int sum) {
    return dfs(root, sum, 0);
}

bool dfs(struct TreeNode *node, int sum, int cur){
    if(node == NULL) return false;
    if(node->left == NULL && node->right == NULL)
        return cur+node->val == sum;
    return(dfs(node->left, sum, cur+node->val) || dfs(node->right, sum, cur+node->val));
}

2.路径和，打印路径

Given a binary tree and a sum, find all root-to-leaf paths where each path's sum equals the given sum.

For example:
Given the below binary tree and sum = 22,

              5
             / \
            4   8
           /   / \
          11  13  4
         /  \    / \
        7    2  5   1

return

[
   [5,4,11,2],
   [5,8,4,5]
]

这道二叉树路径之和在之前的基础上又需要找出路径 ，但是基本思想都一样，还是需要用深度优先搜索DFS，只不过数据结构相对复杂一点，需要用到二维的vector，而且每当DFS搜索到新节点时，都要保存该节点。而且每当找出一条路径之后，都将这个保存为一维vector的路径保存到最终结果二位vector中。并且，每当DFS搜索到子节点，发现不是路径和时，返回上一个结点时，需要把该节点从一维vector中移除。代码如下：

class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<int> > pathSum(TreeNode *root, int sum) {
        vector<vector<int>> res;
        vector<int> out;
        helper(root, sum, out, res);
        return res;
    }
    void helper(TreeNode* node, int sum, vector<int>& out, vector<vector<int>>& res) {
        if (!node) return;
        out.push_back(node->val);
        if (sum == node->val && !node->left && !node->right) {
            res.push_back(out);
        }
        helper(node->left, sum - node->val, out, res);
        helper(node->right, sum - node->val, out, res);
        out.pop_back();
    }
};

3.没必要从开始到叶子节点结束，任意路径和。

You are given a binary tree in which each node contains an integer value.

Find the number of paths that sum to a given value.

The path does not need to start or end at the root or a leaf, but it must go downwards (traveling only from parent nodes to child nodes).

The tree has no more than 1,000 nodes and the values are in the range -1,000,000 to 1,000,000.

Example:

root = [10,5,-3,3,2,null,11,3,-2,null,1], sum = 8

      10
     /  \
    5   -3
   / \    \
  3   2   11
 / \   \
3  -2   1

Return 3. The paths that sum to 8 are:

1.  5 -> 3
2.  5 -> 2 -> 1
3. -3 -> 11

这道题让我们求二叉树的路径的和等于一个给定值，说明了这条路径不必要从根节点开始，可以是中间的任意一段，而且二叉树的节点值也是有正有负。那么我们可以用递归来做，相当于先序遍历二叉树，对于每一个节点都有记录了一条从根节点到当前节点到路径，同时用一个变量curSum记录路径节点总和，然后我们看curSum和sum是否相等，相等的话结果res加1，不等的话我们来继续查看子路径和有没有满足题意的，做法就是每次去掉一个节点，看路径和是否等于给定值，注意最后必须留一个节点，不能全去掉了，因为如果全去掉了，路径之和为0，而如果假如给定值刚好为0的话就会有问题，整体来说不算一道很难的题，参见代码如下：

class Solution {
public:
    int pathSum(TreeNode* root, int sum) {
        int res = 0;
        vector<TreeNode*> out;
        helper(root, sum, 0, out, res);
        return res;
    }
    void helper(TreeNode* node, int sum, int curSum, vector<TreeNode*>& out, int& res) {
        if (!node) return;
        curSum += node->val;
        out.push_back(node);
        if (curSum == sum) ++res;
        int t = curSum;
        for (int i = 0; i < out.size() - 1; ++i) {
            t -= out[i]->val;
            if (t == sum) ++res;
        }
        helper(node->left, sum, curSum, out, res);
        helper(node->right, sum, curSum, out, res);
        out.pop_back();
    }
};