2021-02-24 Python（简单函数）

函数的定义：

1. 将一件事情的步骤封装在一起并得到结果，
2. 函数名代表了这个函数要做的事情，
3. 函数体是实现函数功能的流程
4. 一种方法或者一种功能
5. 函数可以重复使用，通过函数名知道该函数的作用，所以这里取一个好听的函数名是很有必要的

举个例子：把大象装进冰箱 ----->函数名
                   打开冰箱，把大象放进去，关上冰箱----->函数体

函数的分类：

1. 内置函数：如id，max，int，str，ranage等
2. 自定义函数：自己开发实现想要的功能

简单的案例：

students = {
    1: {
        "name": "xiaoming",
        "age": "15",
        "class_number": "A",
        "sex": "boy"
    },
    2: {
        "name": "xiaoyun",
        "age": "18",
        "class_number": "A",
        "sex": "girl"
    },
    3: {
        "name": "xiaohong",
        "age": "16",
        "class_number": "B",
        "sex": "girl"
    },
    4: {
        "name": "xiaolin",
        "age": "21",
        "class_number": "B",
        "sex": "boy"
    },
    5: {
        "name": "xiaohu",
        "age": "20",
        "class_number": "B",
        "sex": "girl"
    }
}


def check_user_info(**kwargs):
    if "name" not in kwargs:
        return "没发生学生姓名"
    if "age" not in kwargs:
        return "没发生学生年龄"
    if "sex" not in kwargs:
        return "没发生学生性别"
    if "class_number" not in kwargs:
        return "没发生学生班级"
    return True


def get_all_students():
    for id_, value in students.items():
        print("学号：{}，姓名：{}，年龄：{}，班级：{}，性别：{}".format(
            id_, value["name"], value["age"], value["class_number"], value["sex"]
        ))
    return students


# get_all_students()
def add_student(**kwargs):
    check = check_user_info(**kwargs)
    if check != True:
        print(check)
        return

    id_ = max(students) + 1

    students[id_] = {
        "name": kwargs["name"],
        "age": kwargs["age"],
        "sex": kwargs["sex"],
        "class_number": kwargs["class_number"]

    }


# add_student(name="xiaobai",age=19,class_number="A",sex="boy")
# get_all_students()

def delete_student(student_id):
    if student_id not in students:
        print("{}并不存在".format(student_id))
    else:
        user_info = students.pop(student_id)
        print("学号是{}，{}同学的信息已经被删除了".format(student_id,
                                           user_info["name"]))


# delete_student(1)
# add_student(name="xiaobai",age=19,class_number="A",sex="boy")
# get_all_students()

def update_student(student_id, **kwargs):
    if student_id not in students:
        print("并不存在这个学号：{}".format(student_id))
    check = check_user_info(**kwargs)
    if check != True:
        print(check)
        return
    students[student_id] = kwargs
    print("同学信息更新完毕")


update_student(1, name="dewei_zhang", age=16, sex="boy", class_number="B")
get_all_students()


def get_user_by_id(student_id):
    return students.get(student_id)


print(get_user_by_id(3))


def search_users(**kwargs):
    values = list(students.values())
    key = None
    value = None
    result = []
    if "name" in kwargs:
        key = "name"
        value = kwargs[key]
    elif "age" in kwargs:
        key = "age"
        value = kwargs[key]
    elif "sex" in kwargs:
        key = "sex"
        value = kwargs[key]
    elif "class_number" in kwargs:
        key = "class_number"
        value = kwargs[key]
    else:
        print("没有发现搜索的关键字")
        return
    for user in values:
        if user[key] == value:
            result.append(user)
    return result


print("------")
users = search_users(age="16")
print(users)