如何自动获取网络变化通知

如何自动获取网络变化通知

2012-04-23

当我们把网线插到计算机上时，WINDOWS任务栏的托盘图标都会更改相应的网络图标，拔掉也会有相应的处理。一直都对这个机制感兴趣，却不知道如何做，而且公司的某个产品也需要这么一个功能。昨天在家测试某个程序的时候，发现了其中一个线程的栈中有一个叫wininet!CheckForNetworkChange的函数，IDA分析了WINNET.DLL后，有了本文。

微软在WINDOWS VISTA之后提供了一个叫NLA(Network List Manager API)的接口，用于获取网络状态变化通知的一个接口。以COM技术实现。
主要导出的COM接口如下：
IEnumNetworkConnections
IEnumNetworks
INetwork
INetworkConnection
INetworkConnectionEvents
INetworkEvents
INetworkListManager
INetworkListManagerEvents
其中INetworkListManager是一个根对象，可以获取计算机是否连接到因特网(INetworkListManager->get_IsConnectedToInternet)。还可以查询有哪些可用的网络和连接.更关键的是INetworkListManagerEvents和INetworkEvents两个类。这两个类在MSDN文档里的描述如下：

is a message sink interface that a client implements to get overall machine state related events.

也就是说我们要自己实现这两个类。而回调的方式是通过COM技术中特有的机制IConnectionPoint来搞定。实现方式如下：

view source

print ?

001	class CNetworkListManagerEvent : public INetworkListManagerEvents

002

{

003

public:

004	CNetworkListManagerEvent() : m_ref(1)

005

{

006

007

}

008

009	~CNetworkListManagerEvent()

010

{

011

012

}

013

014	HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppvObject)

015

{

016	HRESULT Result = S_OK;

017	if (IsEqualIID(riid, IID_IUnknown))

018

{

019	*ppvObject = (IUnknown *)this;

020

}

021	else if (IsEqualIID(riid ,IID_INetworkListManagerEvents))

022

{

023	*ppvObject = (INetworkListManagerEvents *)this;

024

}

025

else

026

{

027	Result = E_NOINTERFACE;

028

}

029

030	return Result;

031

}

032

033	ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE AddRef()

034

{

035	return (ULONG)InterlockedIncrement(&m_ref);

036

}

037

038	ULONG STDMETHODCALLTYPE Release()

039

{

040	LONG Result = InterlockedDecrement(&m_ref);

041	if (Result == 0)

042	delete this;

043	return (ULONG)Result;

044

}

045

046	virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE ConnectivityChanged(

047	/* [in] */ NLM_CONNECTIVITY newConnectivity)

048

{

049	return S_OK;

050

}

051

052

private:

053

054	LONG m_ref;

055

};

056

057	int _tmain(int argc, TCHAR** argv, TCHAR** Env)

058

{

059	CoInitialize(NULL);

060

061

//

062	//  通过NLA接口获取网络状态

063

//

064	IUnknown *pUnknown = NULL;

065

066	HRESULT Result = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_NetworkListManager, NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, IID_IUnknown, (void **)&pUnknown);

067	if (SUCCEEDED(Result))

068

{

069	INetworkListManager *pNetworkListManager = NULL;

070	Result = pUnknown->QueryInterface(IID_INetworkListManager, (void **)&pNetworkListManager);

071	if (SUCCEEDED(Result))

072

{

073	VARIANT_BOOL IsConnect = VARIANT_FALSE;

074	Result = pNetworkListManager->get_IsConnectedToInternet(&IsConnect);

075	if (SUCCEEDED(Result))

076

{

077	printf("IsConnect Result %s\n", IsConnect == VARIANT_TRUE ? "TRUE" : "FALSE");

078

}

079

080	IConnectionPointContainer *pCPContainer = NULL;

081	Result = pNetworkListManager->QueryInterface(IID_IConnectionPointContainer, (void **)&pCPContainer);

082	if (SUCCEEDED(Result))

083

{

084	IConnectionPoint *pConnectPoint = NULL;

085	Result = pCPContainer->FindConnectionPoint(IID_INetworkListManagerEvents, &pConnectPoint);

086	if(SUCCEEDED(Result))

087

{

088	DWORD Cookie = NULL;

089	CNetworkListManagerEvent *NetEvent = new CNetworkListManagerEvent;

090	Result = pConnectPoint->Advise((IUnknown *)NetEvent, &Cookie);

091	if (SUCCEEDED(Result))

092

{

093	printf("Loop Message\n");

094

MSG msg;

095	while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))

096

{

097	TranslateMessage(&msg);

098	DispatchMessage(&msg);

099

100	if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)

101

{

102

break;

103

}

104

}

105

106	pConnectPoint->Unadvise(Cookie);

107

108	pConnectPoint->Release();

109

}

110

}

111

112	pCPContainer->Release();

113

}

114

115	pNetworkListManager->Release();

116

}

117

118	pUnknown->Release();

119

}

120

121	CoUninitialize();

122

return 1;

123

}

因为NLA API是WINDOWS VISTA之后才有的，对于WINDOWS XP是不兼容的，但是WINDOWS XP下有一个方法可以达到同样的效果，可以参考文章Network Awareness in Windows XP，这个文章里的代码是C#的，其中关键的代码转换成C++

view source

print ?

01	void WaitForNetworkChnages()

02

{

03	WSAQUERYSET querySet = {0};

04	querySet.dwSize = sizeof(WSAQUERYSET);

05	querySet.dwNameSpace = NS_NLA;

06

07	HANDLE LookupHandle = NULL;

08	WSALookupServiceBegin(&querySet, LUP_RETURN_ALL, &LookupHandle);

09	DWORD BytesReturned = 0;

10	WSANSPIoctl(LookupHandle, SIO_NSP_NOTIFY_CHANGE, NULL, 0, NULL, 0, &BytesReturned, NULL);

11	WSALookupServiceEnd(LookupHandle);

12

}

13

14	void Test()

15

{

16	WSAData data = {0};

17	WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 0), &data);

18	int i = 0;

19

while(1)

20

{

21	printf("BeginWait %d\n", i++);

22	WaitForNetworkChnages();

23	printf("EndWait\n");

24

}

25

26	WSACleanup();

27

}

tags: Network Awareness, NLA, 网卡状态, 网络状态
posted in 程序开发 by Hydra | No Comments