C语言学习笔记[第11天]

五、 运算号、表达式和语句

1.循环简介

/* shoesl.c -- 把鞋码转换成英寸 */
#include <stdio.h>
#define ADJUST 7.31 // 字符常量
int main(void)
{
    const double SCALE = 0.333;// const 变量
    double shoe, foot;

    shoe = 9.0;
    foot = SCALE * shoe + ADJUST;
    printf("Shoe size (men's)  foot length\n");
    printf("%10.1f %15.2f inches\n", shoe, foot);

    return 0;

}
//Shoe size (men's)  foot length
//       9.0           10.31 inches

/* shoes2.c -- 计算多个不同鞋码对应的脚长 */
#include <stdio.h>
#define ADJUST 7.31			//字符常量
int main(void)
{
    const double SCALE = 0.333; // const 变量
    double shoe, foot;
    
    printf("Shoe size (men's)  foot length\n");
    shoe = 3.0;
    while (shoe < 18.5)				/* while 循环开始 */
    {								/* 块开始		*/
        foot = SCALE * shoe + ADJUST;
        printf("%10.1f %15.2f inches\n", shoe, foot);
        shoe = shoe + 1.0;
    }								/* 块结束			*/
    printf("If the shoe fits, wear it.\n");
    
    return 0;
}

//Shoe size (men's)  foot length
//       3.0            8.31 inches
//       4.0            8.64 inches
//       5.0            8.97 inches
//       6.0            9.31 inches
//...
//      16.0           12.64 inches
//      17.0           12.97 inches
//      18.0           13.30 inches

2.基本运算符

​ ■=、+、-、*、/

2.1 赋值运算符: =

int ex;
int why;
int zee;
const int TWO = 2;
why = 42;
zee = why;
ex = TWO * (why + zee);

/* golf.c -- 高尔夫锦标赛记分卡 */
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    int jane, tarzan, cheeta;
    
    cheeta = tarzan = jane = 68;
    printf("		    cheeta tarzan  jane\n");
    printf("First round score %4d %8d %8d\n", cheeta, tarzan, jane);
    
    return 0;
}
//                    cheeta tarzan  jane
//First round score   68       68       68

2.2 加法运算符： +

printf("%d, 4 + 20");
//而不能：
//4 + 20

2.3 减法运算符： -

takehome = 224.00 - 24.00;

2.4 符号运算符： -和+

//标明或改变一个值的代数符号
rock = -12;			//使用的负号称为一元运算符
smokey = -rocky;
dozen = +12;

2.5 乘法运算符： *

/* square.c -- 计算1 ~20的平方 */
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    int num = 1;
    
    while (num < 21)
    {
        printf("%4d %6d\n", num, num * num);
        num = num +1;
    }
    return 0;
}
//打印数字1 ~ 20及其平方

​ ■指数增长

/* wheat.c -- 指数增长 */
#include <stdio.h>
#define SQUARES 64			// 棋盘中的方格数
int main(void)
{
    const double CROP = 2E16;	// 世界小麦年产谷粒数
    double current, total;
    int count = 1;
    
    printf("square		grains		total		");
    printf("fraction of \n");
    printf("			added		grains		");
    printf("world total\n");
    total = current = 1.0;		/* 从1颗谷粒开始	*/
    printf("%4d %13.2e %12.2e %12.2e\n", count, current,
          total, total / CROP);
    while (count < SQUARES)
    {
        count = count +1;
        current = 2.0 * current;	/* 下一个方格谷粒翻倍 */
        total = total + current;	/* 更新总数 */
        printf("%4d %13.2e %12.2e %12.2e\n", count, current, total, total/CROP);
    }
    printf("That's all.\n");
    
    return 0;
}
//square          grains          total           fraction of 
//                        added           grains          world total
//   1     1.00e+000    1.00e+000    5.00e-017
//   2     2.00e+000    3.00e+000    1.50e-016
//   3     4.00e+000    7.00e+000    3.50e-016
//   4     8.00e+000    1.50e+001    7.50e-016
//   5     1.60e+001    3.10e+001    1.55e-015
//   6     3.20e+001    6.30e+001    3.15e-015
//   7     6.40e+001    1.27e+002    6.35e-015
//   8     1.28e+002    2.55e+002    1.27e-014
//   9     2.56e+002    5.11e+002    2.55e-014
//  10     5.12e+002    1.02e+003    5.12e-014
//...
//  55     1.80e+016    3.60e+016    1.80e+000
//...
//  64     9.22e+018    1.84e+019    9.22e+002
//That's all.