树莓派实现自己的Qt HTTPserver

1. 目标

本文以树莓派为硬件，搭建一个本地的httpserver，用于产品中的各种测试。树莓派有了httpserver后，可以跨平台访问，实现了跨平台访问硬件的目标。

2. 清单

这里列举所需要的清单:

• 2016-9-28 jessie-lite树莓派系统镜像
• Qt5+boost+opencv
• xvfb,实现后台运行带窗口的界面
• daemontool管理后台服务器
• wifi-access-point脚本，一键设置树莓派为wifi热点

3. 步骤

上述的开发环境，我已将他们全部集成到一个shell脚本中，可在httpserver下，可以一键设置好开发环境。：

1. 配置开发环境

#!/bin/bash
#
# This version uses September 2016 rpi jessie image, please use this image
#

if [ "$EUID" -ne 0 ]
    then echo "Must be root"
    exit
fi

if [[ $# -lt 1 ]]; 
    then echo "You need to pass a password!"
    echo "Usage:"
    echo "sudo $0 yourChosenPassword [apName]"
    exit
fi

APPASS="$1"
APSSID="rPi3"

if [[ $# -eq 2 ]]; then
    APSSID=$2
fi

apt-get remove --purge hostapd -y
apt-get install hostapd dnsmasq -y

cat > /etc/systemd/system/hostapd.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Hostapd IEEE 802.11 Access Point
After=sys-subsystem-net-devices-wlan0.device
BindsTo=sys-subsystem-net-devices-wlan0.device
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/hostapd.pid
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/hostapd -B /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf -P /var/run/hostapd.pid
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

cat > /etc/dnsmasq.conf <<EOF
interface=wlan0
dhcp-range=10.0.0.2,10.0.0.5,255.255.255.0,12h
EOF

cat > /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf <<EOF
interface=wlan0
hw_mode=g
channel=10
auth_algs=1
wpa=2
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=CCMP
rsn_pairwise=CCMP
wpa_passphrase=$APPASS
ssid=$APSSID
EOF

sed -i -- 's/allow-hotplug wlan0//g' /etc/network/interfaces
sed -i -- 's/iface wlan0 inet manual//g' /etc/network/interfaces
sed -i -- 's/    wpa-conf \/etc\/wpa_supplicant\/wpa_supplicant.conf//g' /etc/network/interfaces

cat >> /etc/network/interfaces <<EOF
    wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
# Added by rPi Access Point Setup
allow-hotplug wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
    address 10.0.0.1
    netmask 255.255.255.0
    network 10.0.0.0
    broadcast 10.0.0.255
EOF

echo "denyinterfaces wlan0" >> /etc/dhcpcd.conf

systemctl enable hostapd

sudo apt-get install qt5-default  
sudo apt-get install qtcreator
sudo apt-get install libqt5svg5* libqt5webkit5* libqt5serialport5*
sudo apt-get install qtcreator

sudo apt-get install libboost1.50-all
sudo apt-get install xvfb
sudo apt-get install daemontools daemontools-run

echo "All done! Please reboot"

2. 设置后台运行脚本

使用xvfb，可以在没有桌面系统的情况下，照样调用Qt的一些窗口库(由于应用中，要用到一些带窗口的类的功能)。调用execut.sh脚本如下:

#!/bin/sh
echo "Execut the service by daemontools"
echo "Next will start the linebot"
cd /home/pi/raspberrylinebot/build/
echo "Really exec the linebot"
sudo xvfb-run --server-args="-screen 0 1024x768x24" ./LineBot
echo "The linebot has finish started!"

下一步就是设置daemontools来对后台程序进行管理。当后台的Qt应用程序自己当掉了，daemontools会自动在5秒后重启应用。

sudo mkdir -p /service/yourapp-serice
sudo vi /service/youapp-service/run
sudo chmod 755 /service/youapp-service/run
cd /etc/service/
sudo ln -s /service/yourapp-service  . 

在/service/youapp-service/run中，run是一个shell脚本，在这里调用使用exec来调用上一步骤中的execut.sh脚本。

3. 备份你的系统

使用备份脚本:

#!/bin/bash

VERSION=1.5
# Version 1.5   2016/09/09
#   * Remove any leading /dev/ from dest disk.
#   * Warn dest disk may be a partition if it ends with a digit.
# Version 1.4   2016/03/23
#   * Use -F on mkfs.ext4 and avoid the question.
# Version 1.3   2016/03/16
#   * don't > /dev/null for the mkfs.ext4 since mkfs can ask a question
# Version 1.2   2015/02/17
#   * add -x option
#   * tweak some echo messages
# Version 1.1   2015/02/16
#   * Do not include dphys swapfile in the clone.
#   * Add a missing -s flag to one of the parted commands.
#   * Dump parted stderr to /dev/null since it now complains about destination
#       disk partitions ending outside of disk before I get chance to resize
#       the partitions.
#   * Strip trailing s from PART_START - (fdisk now doesn't seem to accept...)
#

PGM=`basename $0`

RSYNC_OPTIONS="--force -rltWDEgopt"

# List of extra dirs to create under /mnt.
OPTIONAL_MNT_DIRS="clone mnt sda sdb rpi0 rpi1"

# Where to mount the disk filesystems to be rsynced.
CLONE=/mnt/clone

CLONE_LOG=/var/log/$PGM.log

HOSTNAME=`hostname`

SRC_BOOT_PARTITION_TYPE=`parted /dev/mmcblk0 -ms p | grep "^1" | cut -f 5 -d:`
SRC_ROOT_PARTITION_TYPE=`parted /dev/mmcblk0 -ms p | grep "^2" | cut -f 5 -d:`

if [ `id -u` != 0 ]
then
    echo -e "$PGM needs to be run as root.\n"
    exit 1
fi

if ! rsync --version > /dev/null
then
    echo -e "\nOoops! rpi-clone needs the rsync program but cannot find it."
    echo "Make sure rsync is installed:"