ServletContext

（1）ServletContext简介

                web容器在启动时，它会为每个web应用程序都创建一个ServletContext对象，它代表当前的web应用

                ServletConfig实例中维护了一个ServletContext对象，所以在编写Servlet的时候，可以通过ServletConfig.getServletContext方法来获得ServletContext对象

（2）ServletContext应用

                1.获取web应用的初始化参数

                   在web.xml中使用<context-param>标签可以配置ServletContext的初始化参数

  <context-param>
  	<param-name>appName</param-name>
  	<param-value>servlet</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
  	<param-name>version</param-name>
  	<param-value>1.0.0</param-value>
  </context-param>

               在代码中获取：

package com.learn.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class FirstServlet
 */
public class FirstServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
		String appName = context.getInitParameter("appName");
		String version = context.getInitParameter("version");
		
		System.out.println(appName);
		System.out.println(version);
	}
}

                结果在控制台打印为：

servlet
1.0.0

                2.获取资源文件

                   1）获取资源文件的绝对路径

                  

package com.learn.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class FirstServlet
 */
public class FirstServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
		String path = context.getRealPath("WEB-INF/index.html");
		System.out.println(path);
	}
}

              控制台打印结果为：

D:\apache-tomcat-6.0.33\wtpwebapps\LearnServlet\WEB-INF\index.html

                   2）读取资源文件
                       

                      db.properties其中数据为：

username = jackson
password = 123

                      读取资源文件：

package com.learn.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class FirstServlet
 */
public class FirstServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
		InputStream in = context.getResourceAsStream("WEB-INF/classes/com/learn/servlet/db.properties");
		Properties properties = new Properties();
		properties.load(in);
		System.out.println(properties.get("username"));
		System.out.println(properties.get("password"));
	}
}

                    结果为：

jackson
123