优秀的，完整的BIOS 代码
page ,132
title . PROCESSOR_TIMER_PARITY_REFRESH_NMI TEST
;*****************************************************************;
;*****************************************************************;
;** **;
;** (C)Copyright 1985-1996, American Megatrends Inc. **;
;** **;
;** All Rights Reserved. **;
;** **;
;** 6145-F, Northbelt Parkway, Norcross, **;
;** **;
;** Georgia - 30071, USA. Phone-(770)-246-8600. **;
;** **;
;*****************************************************************;
;*****************************************************************;
;---------------------------------------;
include mbiosequ.equ ; bios global constants
include mbiosmac.mac ; bios coding macro definition
include cf.equ
;---------------------------------------;
extrn check_point_no_stack:near
extrn check_point_stack:near
public bios_suru
public shutdown_0
public shutdown_77
public shutdown_88
extrn shutdown_1:near ; shutdown after memory error
extrn shutdown_2:near ; v_mode exception intr error
extrn _shutdown_33:near ; shutdown after memory test
extrn shutdown_4:near ; boot loader request shutdown
extrn shutdown_5:near ; user defined shutdown routine
extrn _shutdown_66:near ; shutdown during memory test to display memory size
extrn shutdown_7:near ; unused, (chipset memory detection)
extrn shutdown_8:near ; unused, (soft reset)
extrn shutdown_9:near ; shutdown after block move
extrn shutdown_a:near ; user defined shutdown routine
extrn init_8259_80287:near ; shut 4/5, init 8259, 80287
extrn disable_video:near
extrn clear_64k_memory:near
extrn int_isr:near
extrn _power_on_delay:byte
extrn _software_delay:byte
extrn ram_segment:word
extrn flush_all_cache:near
extrn power_on_init:near
public power_on_init_end
extrn hreset_clear:near
public hreset_clear_end
extrn sreset_clear:near
public sreset_clear_end
extern StopUsbHostController(dummy_ret):near
extrn dummy_ret:near
extrn disable_all_cache:near
extrn shutdown_init:near
public shutdown_init_end
extrn decompress_post_init:near
;---------------------------------------;
; C O D E S E G M E N T ;
;---------------------------------------;
cgroup group _text
_text segment word public 'CODE'
assume cs:cgroup
.486p
;---------------------------------------;
public _BIOS_STARTS
_BIOS_STARTS label byte ; marks start of module
;---------------------------------------;
; FLAGS TEST (SF,ZF,PF,CF) ;
; ;---;---;---;---;---;---;---;---; ;
; ; S ; Z ; x ; A ; x ; P ; x ; C ; ;
; ;---;---;---;---;---;---;---;---; ;
; HARD RESET OR SHUTDOWN RESET ;
;---------------------------------------;
; SHUTDOWN PROCESSING ;
;---------------------------------------;
bios_suru:
cli ; test under CLI mode
cld ; ensure direction
mov ax,cs
mov ss,ax
; $$$CORE0036+ >>>
extern wake_up(wake_up_end):near
public wake_up_end
jmp wake_up ; check for wakeup
wake_up_end: ; control will come here only if wake up is not needed
; $$$CORE0036+ <<<
jmp power_on_init
power_on_init_end:
in al,kb_stat_port ; if sys_flag bit is set
test al,00000100b ; then soft reset else power on
jnz shut_5 ; not power-on
;---------------------------------------;
; VANILLA MEMORY PATCH ;
;---------------------------------------;
ifdef VANILLA_BIOS
;---------------------------------------;
; save CPUID in cmos 35h(DL), 36h(DH)
extrn cmos_data_out:near
extrn _refresh_value:byte
mov ebp,edx
mov al,0b5h
mov ah,dl
ret_sp cmos_data_out
mov al,0b6h
mov ah,dh
ret_sp cmos_data_out
; start memory refresh..
mov al,00h ; initialise DMA-PAGE reg.
out 8fh,al ; (used in MEMORY REFRESH)
io_delay
mov al,01010100b ; start CH_1 (REFRESH)
out 43h,al ; one byte count used
io_delay
mov al,cgroup:_refresh_value; low byte count
out 41h,al
mov cx,100h ; 400h..01/11/95
xor di,di
mov es,di
wpulse1:
stosb
loop wpulse1
;---------------------------------------;
extrn vanilla_patch_offset:near
cmp cgroup:word ptr vanilla_patch_offset,0ffffh
jz ret_off ; no routine
mov sp,offset cgroup:sp_ret_off
jmp vanilla_patch_offset-1
even
sp_ret_off:
dw offset cgroup:ret_off
dw 0f000h
ret_off:
endif
;---------------------------------------;
jmp hreset_clear ; hard reset init (if any)
;;;;hreset_clear_end:
;;;; jmp shutdown_0x ; hard reset, goto regs. test
shut_5:
jmp sreset_clear ; GA20 disable and other....
sreset_clear_end:
mov al,8fh ; shutdown address
out cmos_addr_port,al ; mask NMI & select shut byte
jcxz short $+2 ; i/o delay
jcxz short $+2 ; i/o delay
in al,cmos_data_port ; read shutdown code
mov ah,00
mov si,ax ; save in (SI)
mov al,8fh ; shutdown address
jcxz short $+2 ; i/o delay
out cmos_addr_port,al
mov al,00 ; clear shutdown byte
jcxz short $+2 ; i/o delay
jcxz short $+2 ; i/o delay
out cmos_data_port,al
mov ax,cs
mov ss,ax
mov ax,si ; restore shutdown code
cmp al,04h ; for BOOT loader shutdown
jz shut_1 ; & for USER defined shutdown
cmp al,05h ; initialize 8259 (#1, #2)
jz shut_1 ; and (DS), (SS), (SP), STI
cmp al,0ah ; if shut code > 10
jbe shut_2 ; bypass intr. init
jmp short shutdown_0 ; then hard reset
;---------------------------------------;
; INIT 8259 for SHUTDOWN 04, 05 ;
;---------------------------------------;
shut_1:
mov bx,level_2_int*256+level_1_int
ret_sp init_8259_80287 ; shut 4/5, init 8259, 80287
;---------------------------------------;
; INTERNAL CACHE IS ALWAYS ON ;
;---------------------------------------;
shut_2:
jmp shutdown_init
shutdown_init_end:
mov ax,40h ; global data segment (ah) = 0
mov ds,ax ; setup (DS)
mov al,00h ; global extra segment (ah) = 0
mov es,ax ; setup (ES)
mov al,30h ; global stack segment (ah) = 0
mov ss,ax ; setup (SS)
mov sp,0100h ; setup (SP)
shl si,1 ; prepare index
jmp [si+cgroup:shut_jmp_tbl]; brunch with intr. disabled
;---------------------------------------;
; SHUTDOWN JMP TABLE ;
;---------------------------------------;
even
shut_jmp_tbl label word
dw offset cgroup:shutdown_0; hard reset
dw offset cgroup:shutdown_1; used for block move internal shutdown
dw offset cgroup:shutdown_2; v_mode exception intr error
dw offset cgroup:_shutdown_33; shutdown after memory test
dw offset cgroup:shutdown_4; shutdown for boot loader
dw offset cgroup:shutdown_5; shutdown (with intr. init)
dw offset cgroup:_shutdown_66; shutdown during memory test to display memory size
dw offset cgroup:shutdown_7; unused, (chipset memory detection)
dw offset cgroup:shutdown_8; unused, (soft reset)
dw offset cgroup:shutdown_9; shutdown after block move
dw offset cgroup:shutdown_a; shutdown (w/o intr. init)
;---------------------------------------;
hreset_clear_end:
shutdown_0x: ; hard reset
mov al,8dh
out cmos_addr_port,al ; NMI OFF
;---------------------------------------;
shutdown_0: ; hard reset
shutdown_77: ; unused
shutdown_88: ; unused
check_point_si 03h ; ======== 03
mov ax,cs
mov ss,ax
xor bp,bp
mov ds,bp ; set (DS) = 0
mov es,bp ; set (ES) = 0
jmp_di disable_video
in al,kb_stat_port ; if sys_flag bit is set
test al,00000100b ; then soft reset else power on
jz not_cnt_alt_del ; power on
cmp ds:word ptr [0472h],1234h
jnz cnt_alt_del
yes_cnt_alt_del:
or bp,soft_reset_bit ; msb used for soft reset
jmp short cnt_alt_del
not_cnt_alt_del:
cmp ds:word ptr [0472h],1234h
jz yes_cnt_alt_del
or bp,power_on_bit
cnt_alt_del:
;;;; ret_sp clear_64k_memory ; clear segment 0
mov ax,30h
mov ss,ax ; set stack
mov sp,100h
check_point 05h ; ======== 05
;; call StopUsbHostController ; disable USB host controller
;; call disable_all_cache ; disable all cache
call disable_all_cache ; disable all cache
call StopUsbHostController ; disable USB host controller
mov ax,cs
mov ss,ax
ret_sp clear_64k_memory ; clear segment 0
mov ax,30h
mov ss,ax ; set stack
mov sp,100h
check_point 06h ; ======== 06
call decompress_post_init
extrn _bios_to_rm:near
jmp _bios_to_rm
;---------------------------------------;
;*****************************************************************;
;*****************************************************************;
;** **;
;** (C)Copyright 1985-1996, American Megatrends Inc. **;
;** **;
;** All Rights Reserved. **;
;** **;
;** 6145-F, Northbelt Parkway, Norcross, **;
;** **;
;** Georgia - 30071, USA. Phone-(770)-246-8600. **;
;** **;
;*****************************************************************;
;*****************************************************************;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
; COPY_CONTROL_TO_RAM ;
; this routine copies 64k code to ram segment and give control to ram. ;
; input : ;
; none ;
; stack available ;
; output: ;
; none ;
; register destroyed..ALL except DS, ES, BP ;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
extrn copy_64k_memory:near
public copy_control_to_ram
copy_control_to_ram proc near
push es
push ds
mov es,cgroup:ram_segment
push cs
pop ds ; source segment
call copy_64k_memory
; transfer control to ram segment..
push es ; ram_segment
push offset cgroup:xxx
retf
xxx:
pop ds
pop es
xxx_exit:
ret
copy_control_to_ram endp
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
; COPY_TO_SHADOW ;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
; this routine copies the code to asked shadow. ;
; input : ;
; ES:DI destn seg:off ;
; DS:SI source segment:offset ;
; CX #of bytes to move ;
; 0000 = 64k copy ;
; stack available ;
; output: ;
; none ;
; register destroyed..ALL except DS, ES, BP ;
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
extrn move_bytes:near
extrn enable_shadow_write:near
extrn disable_shadow_write:near
public copy_to_shadow
copy_to_shadow proc near
pushf
cli ; disable interrupt
call enable_shadow_write ; enable write to shadow
call move_bytes ; move bytes
call flush_all_cache ; flush all cache
call disable_shadow_write ; enable write to shadow
popf
ret
copy_to_shadow endp
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
extrn e000_read_rom_write_x:near
extrn e000_read_ram_write_rom:near
extrn e000_read_x_write_ram:near
extrn f000_read_rom_write_x:near
extrn f000_read_ram_write_rom:near
extrn f000_read_x_write_ram:near
public do_f000_read_rom_write_x
public do_f000_read_ram_write_rom
public do_f000_read_x_write_ram
public do_e000_read_rom_write_x
public do_e000_read_ram_write_rom
public do_e000_read_x_write_ram
;---------------------------------------;
ifdef VANILLA_BIOS
do_f000_read_rom_write_x:
call f000_read_rom_write_x
mov al,15 ; offset to table of fn#
jmp short vanilla_patch
do_f000_read_ram_write_rom:
call f000_read_ram_write_rom
mov al,18 ; offset to table of fn#
jmp short vanilla_patch
do_f000_read_x_write_ram:
call f000_read_x_write_ram
mov al,21 ; offset to table of fn#
jmp short vanilla_patch
do_e000_read_rom_write_x:
call e000_read_rom_write_x
mov al,24 ; offset to table of fn#
jmp short vanilla_patch
do_e000_read_ram_write_rom:
call e000_read_ram_write_rom
mov al,27 ; offset to table of fn#
jmp short vanilla_patch
do_e000_read_x_write_ram:
call e000_read_x_write_ram
mov al,30 ; offset to table of fn#
vanilla_patch:
push bx
mov bx,cgroup:word ptr vanilla_patch_offset
inc bx
jz dop_00 ; no routine
dec bx
cbw ; AX = offset to jmp table
add bx,ax
push cs
push offset cgroup:dop_00
push cs
push bx
retf
dop_00:
pop bx
ret
;---------------------------------------;
else ; NORMAL BIOS CODE
do_f000_read_rom_write_x:
jmp f000_read_rom_write_x
do_f000_read_ram_write_rom:
jmp f000_read_ram_write_rom
do_f000_read_x_write_ram:
jmp f000_read_x_write_ram
do_e000_read_rom_write_x:
jmp e000_read_rom_write_x
do_e000_read_ram_write_rom:
jmp e000_read_ram_write_rom
do_e000_read_x_write_ram:
jmp e000_read_x_write_ram
endif
;-----------------------------------------------------------------------;
;*****************************************************************;
;*****************************************************************;
;** **;
;** (C)Copyright 1985-1996, American Megatrends Inc. **;
;** **;
;** All Rights Reserved. **;
;** **;
;** 6145-F, Northbelt Parkway, Norcross, **;
;** **;
;** Georgia - 30071, USA. Phone-(770)-246-8600. **;
;** **;
;*****************************************************************;
;*****************************************************************;
;---------------------------------------;
public _BIOS_ENDS
_BIOS_ENDS label byte ; marks end of module
;---------------------------------------;
_text ends
end
本文介绍了如何通过开源BIOS项目coreboot来学习BIOS代码。从IA32/64开机第一条指令的位置开始，逐步剖析了BIOS的初始化过程，包括实模式到保护模式的转换，以及C语言代码的介入。同时，提到了BIOS的POST代码和其在主板数码管显示的功能。通过这个过程，读者可以深入理解BIOS的工作原理。
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