制作 MySQL 镜像的 dockerfile以及 ENTRYPOINT 和 CMD 的区别

本文展示怎么制作一个 mysql 镜像：

FROM hub.jdcloud.com/baseimages/centos:7-amd64-secure-config-v20230315

# Base on the centos install mysql-server, then push to hub.jdcloud.com/dbs/mysql-server:5.7.41-1
COPY ./mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm ./
COPY ./mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm ./
COPY ./mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm ./
COPY ./mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm ./

ENV DB_USER root
ENV DB_PASSWORD mypassword

RUN yum install -y mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
    && yum install -y mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
    && yum install -y mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
    && yum install -y mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
    && mysqld --initialize --user=root \
    && mysqld --daemonize --user=root \
    && export OLD_DBPASSWORD=`cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost" | awk '{print $11}'` \
    && mysqladmin  -u${DB_USER} -p${OLD_DBPASSWORD}  password  ${DB_PASSWORD} \
    && mysqladmin shutdown -p${DB_PASSWORD}

ENTRYPOINT /usr/sbin/mysqld --user=${DB_USER}





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case1:
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/mysqld"]
CMD ["--user=root"]
docker run mysql_diy:v3

case2:
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/mysqld", "--user"]
CMD ["bala bala"]
docker run mysql_diy:v3 root   //这样就会以 root 用户启动, 命令行的参数替换掉 dockerfile 中的 CMD

case3:
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/mysqld", "--user=${DB_USER}"]    // 这种写法，读取不到环境变量 DB_USER

case4:
ENTRYPOINT /usr/sbin/mysqld --user=${DB_USER}
ENTRYPOINT "/usr/sbin/mysqld" "--user=${DB_USER}" // 和上面的写法等价
docker run  mysql_diy:v3        //这样就会以 root 用户启动
docker run  -e DB_USER=abc mysql_diy:v3  //这样就会以 abc 用户启动，只不过会失败，这是因为没有 abc 用户造成的
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# MySQL start or stop command
mysqld --user=${DB_USER}   // front boot
mysqld --daemonize --user=${DB_USER}  // daemon boot
mysqladmin shutdown -p${DB_PASSWORD}  // shutdown mysql

参考：docker制作mysql5.7镜像详解