matplotlib 绘制K线图

aapl.csv

AAPL,28-01-2011, ,344.17,344.4,333.53,336.1,21144800
AAPL,31-01-2011, ,335.8,340.04,334.3,339.32,13473000
AAPL,01-02-2011, ,341.3,345.65,340.98,345.03,15236800
AAPL,02-02-2011, ,344.45,345.25,343.55,344.32,9242600
AAPL,03-02-2011, ,343.8,344.24,338.55,343.44,14064100
AAPL,04-02-2011, ,343.61,346.7,343.51,346.5,11494200
AAPL,07-02-2011, ,347.89,353.25,347.64,351.88,17322100
AAPL,08-02-2011, ,353.68,355.52,352.15,355.2,13608500
AAPL,09-02-2011, ,355.19,359,354.87,358.16,17240800
AAPL,10-02-2011, ,357.39,360,348,354.54,33162400
AAPL,11-02-2011, ,354.75,357.8,353.54,356.85,13127500
AAPL,14-02-2011, ,356.79,359.48,356.71,359.18,11086200
AAPL,15-02-2011, ,359.19,359.97,357.55,359.9,10149000
AAPL,16-02-2011, ,360.8,364.9,360.5,363.13,17184100
AAPL,17-02-2011, ,357.1,360.27,356.52,358.3,18949000
AAPL,18-02-2011, ,358.21,359.5,349.52,350.56,29144500
AAPL,22-02-2011, ,342.05,345.4,337.72,338.61,31162200
AAPL,23-02-2011, ,338.77,344.64,338.61,342.62,23994700
AAPL,24-02-2011, ,344.02,345.15,338.37,342.88,17853500
AAPL,25-02-2011, ,345.29,348.43,344.8,348.16,13572000
AAPL,28-02-2011, ,351.21,355.05,351.12,353.21,14395400
AAPL,01-03-2011, ,355.47,355.72,347.68,349.31,16290300
AAPL,02-03-2011, ,349.96,354.35,348.4,352.12,21521000
AAPL,03-03-2011, ,357.2,359.79,355.92,359.56,17885200
AAPL,04-03-2011, ,360.07,360.29,357.75,360,16188000
AAPL,07-03-2011, ,361.11,361.67,351.31,355.36,19504300
AAPL,08-03-2011, ,354.91,357.4,352.25,355.76,12718000
AAPL,09-03-2011, ,354.69,354.76,350.6,352.47,16192700
AAPL,10-03-2011, ,349.69,349.77,344.9,346.67,18138800
AAPL,11-03-2011, ,345.4,352.32,345,351.99,16824200

python

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as mp
import datetime as dt
import matplotlib.dates as md


def dmy2ymd(dmy):
    """将aapl.csv中日期转为'2011-01-28'格式"""

    # 将字节串 b'28-01-2011' 转为字符串
    dmy = str(dmy, encoding='utf-8')
    # 解析字符串，构建日期时间对象
    t = dt.datetime.strptime(dmy, '%d-%m-%Y')
    # 将日期时间对象格式化为字符串 '2011-01-28'
    return t.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')


# 加载文件
# datas类型为<class 'list'>
# datas格式为[array(), array(), array(), array(), array()]
datas = np.loadtxt(
    'aapl.csv',
    usecols=(1,3,4,5,6),
    unpack=True,
    dtype='M8[D], f8, f8, f8, f8',
    delimiter=',',
    converters={1:dmy2ymd}
    )

# 提取数据
# 类型为<class 'numpy.ndarray'>
dates = datas[0]
opening_prices = datas[1]
highest_prices = datas[2]
lowest_prices = datas[3]
closing_prices = datas[4]

# 绘制坐标轴
mp.figure('AAPL', facecolor='lightgray')
mp.title('AAPL', fontsize=14)
mp.xlabel('Date', fontsize=12)
mp.ylabel('Price', fontsize=12)
mp.tick_params(labelsize=10)
mp.grid(linestyle=':')

# 绘制收盘价折线
mp.plot(
    dates,
    closing_prices,
    c='dodgerblue',
    linestyle='--',
    linewidth=2,
    label='AAPL',
    alpha=0.5
    )

# 蜡烛图颜色
rise = closing_prices >= opening_prices
color = np.array(['white' if x else 'green' for x in rise])
edgecolor = np.array(['red' if x else 'green' for x in rise])
# 绘制蜡烛图实体
mp.bar(
    dates,
    closing_prices-opening_prices,
    0.8,
    opening_prices,
    color=color,
    edgecolor=edgecolor,
    zorder=3
    )
# 绘制蜡烛图影线
mp.vlines(
    dates,
    lowest_prices,
    highest_prices,
    color=edgecolor
    )

# 获取坐标轴对象
ax = mp.gca()
# 设置主刻度定位器，每周一为一个主刻度
major_loc = md.WeekdayLocator(byweekday=md.MO)
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(major_loc)
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(md.DateFormatter('%Y-%m-%d'))
# 格式化日期刻度
mp.gcf().autofmt_xdate()
# 设置次刻度定位器，每天为一个次刻度
minor_loc = md.DayLocator()
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(minor_loc)

mp.legend()
mp.show()