Android图片压缩（质量压缩和尺寸压缩）&Bitmap转成字符串上传

android图片压缩总结

总结来看，图片有三种存在形式：硬盘上时是file，网络传输时是stream，内存中是stream或bitmap，所谓的质量压缩，它其实只能实现对file的影响，你可以把一个file转成bitmap再转成file，或者直接将一个bitmap转成file时，这个最终的file是被压缩过的，但是中间的bitmap并没有被压缩（或者说几乎没有被压缩，我不确定），因为bigmap在内存中的大小是按像素计算的，也就是width * height，对于质量压缩，并不会改变图片的像素，所以就算质量被压缩了，但是bitmap在内存的占有率还是没变小，但你做成file时，它确实变小了；

而尺寸压缩由于是减小了图片的像素，所以它直接对bitmap产生了影响，当然最终的file也是相对的变小了。

最后把自己

public class ImageFactory {

    public static String SDPATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
            + "/pos/";

    /**
     * Get bitmap from specified image path
     * @param imgPath
     * @return
     */
    public Bitmap getBitmap(String imgPath) {
        // Get bitmap through image path
        BitmapFactory.Options newOpts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        newOpts.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        newOpts.inPurgeable = true;
        newOpts.inInputShareable = true;
        // Do not compress
        newOpts.inSampleSize = 1;
        newOpts.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
        return BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imgPath, newOpts);
    }

    /**
     * Store bitmap into specified image path
     *
     * @param bitmap
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     */
    public static String storeImage(Bitmap bitmap) throws FileNotFoundException {

        try {
            if (!isFileExist("")) {
                System.out.println("创建文件");
                File tempf = createSDDir("");
            }
            File f = new File(SDPATH, "image" + ".jpg");
            FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(f);
            bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, os);
            os.flush();
            os.close();
            return f.getAbsolutePath();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static File createSDDir(String dirName) throws IOException {
        File dir = new File(SDPATH + dirName);
        if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
                Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {

            System.out.println("createSDDir:" + dir.getAbsolutePath());
            System.out.println("createSDDir:" + dir.mkdir());
        }
        return dir;
    }

    public static boolean isFileExist(String fileName) {
        File file = new File(SDPATH + fileName);
        file.isFile();
        System.out.println(file.exists());
        return file.exists();
    }

    /**
     * Compress image by pixel, this will modify image width/height.
     * Used to get thumbnail
     *
     * @param imgPath image path
     * @param pixelW  target pixel of width
     * @param pixelH  target pixel of height
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap ratio(String imgPath, float pixelW, float pixelH) {
        BitmapFactory.Options newOpts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        // 开始读入图片，此时把options.inJustDecodeBounds 设回true，即只读边不读内容
        newOpts.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        newOpts.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;
        // Get bitmap info, but notice that bitmap is null now
        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imgPath, newOpts);

        newOpts.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        int w = newOpts.outWidth;
        int h = newOpts.outHeight;
        // 想要缩放的目标尺寸
        float hh = pixelH;// 设置高度为240f时，可以明显看到图片缩小了
        float ww = pixelW;// 设置宽度为120f，可以明显看到图片缩小了
        // 缩放比。由于是固定比例缩放，只用高或者宽其中一个数据进行计算即可
        int be = 1;//be=1表示不缩放
        if (w > h && w > ww) {//如果宽度大的话根据宽度固定大小缩放
            be = (int) (newOpts.outWidth / ww);
        } else if (w < h && h > hh) {//如果高度高的话根据宽度固定大小缩放
            be = (int) (newOpts.outHeight / hh);
        }
        if (be <= 0) be = 1;
        newOpts.inSampleSize = be;//设置缩放比例
        // 开始压缩图片，注意此时已经把options.inJustDecodeBounds 设回false了
        bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imgPath, newOpts);
        // 压缩好比例大小后再进行质量压缩
//        return compress(bitmap, maxSize); // 这里再进行质量压缩的意义不大，反而耗资源，删除
        return bitmap;
    }

    /**
     * Compress image by size, this will modify image width/height.
     * Used to get thumbnail
     *
     * @param image
     * @param pixelW target pixel of width
     * @param pixelH target pixel of height
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap ratio(Bitmap image, float pixelW, float pixelH) {
        ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, os);
        if (os.toByteArray().length / 1024 > 1024) {//判断如果图片大于1M,进行压缩避免在生成图片（BitmapFactory.decodeStream）时溢出
            os.reset();//重置baos即清空baos
            image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 50, os);//这里压缩50%，把压缩后的数据存放到baos中
        }
        ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
        BitmapFactory.Options newOpts = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        //开始读入图片，此时把options.inJustDecodeBounds 设回true了
        newOpts.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        newOpts.inPreferredConfig = Config.RGB_565;
        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, newOpts);
        newOpts.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        int w = newOpts.outWidth;
        int h = newOpts.outHeight;
        float hh = pixelH;// 设置高度为240f时，可以明显看到图片缩小了
        float ww = pixelW;// 设置宽度为120f，可以明显看到图片缩小了
        //缩放比。由于是固定比例缩放，只用高或者宽其中一个数据进行计算即可
        int be = 1;//be=1表示不缩放
        if (w > h && w > ww) {//如果宽度大的话根据宽度固定大小缩放
            be = (int) (newOpts.outWidth / ww);
        } else if (w < h && h > hh) {//如果高度高的话根据宽度固定大小缩放
            be = (int) (newOpts.outHeight / hh);
        }
        if (be <= 0) be = 1;
        newOpts.inSampleSize = be;//设置缩放比例
        //重新读入图片，注意此时已经把options.inJustDecodeBounds 设回false了
        is = new ByteArrayInputStream(os.toByteArray());
        bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, newOpts);
        //压缩好比例大小后再进行质量压缩
        return compress(bitmap, 100); // 这里再进行质量压缩的意义不大，反而耗资源，删除
//        return bitmap;
    }
    //质量压缩
    public static Bitmap compress(Bitmap bitmap,int maxSize){
        // scale
        int options = 100;
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        // Store the bitmap into output stream(no compress)
        bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);
        // Compress by loop
        while (baos.toByteArray().length / 1024 > maxSize) {
            // Clean up os
            baos.reset();
            // interval 10
            options -= 10;
            bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);
        }
        return bitmap;
    }

    /**
     * Compress by quality,  and generate image to the path specified
     *
     * @param image
     * @param outPath
     * @param maxSize target will be compressed to be smaller than this size.(kb)
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void compressAndGenImage(Bitmap image, String outPath, int maxSize) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        // scale
        int options = 100;
        // Store the bitmap into output stream(no compress)
        image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, os);
        // Compress by loop
        while (os.toByteArray().length / 1024 > maxSize) {
            // Clean up os
            os.reset();
            // interval 10
            options -= 10;
            image.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, os);
        }

        // Generate compressed image file
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outPath);
        fos.write(os.toByteArray());
        fos.flush();
        fos.close();
    }

    /**
     * Compress by quality,  and generate image to the path specified
     *
     * @param imgPath
     * @param outPath
     * @param maxSize     target will be compressed to be smaller than this size.(kb)
     * @param needsDelete Whether delete original file after compress
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void compressAndGenImage(String imgPath, String outPath, int maxSize, boolean needsDelete) throws IOException {
        compressAndGenImage(getBitmap(imgPath), outPath, maxSize);
        // Delete original file
        if (needsDelete) {
            File file = new File(imgPath);
            if (file.exists()) {
                file.delete();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Ratio and generate thumb to the path specified
     *
     * @param image
     * @param pixelW  target pixel of width
     * @param pixelH  target pixel of height
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     */
    public static String ratioAndGenThumb(Bitmap image, float pixelW, float pixelH) throws FileNotFoundException {
        Bitmap bitmap = ratio(image, pixelW, pixelH);
        return storeImage(bitmap);
    }

    /**
     * Ratio and generate thumb to the path specified
     *
     * @param imgPath
     * @param pixelW      target pixel of width
     * @param pixelH      target pixel of height
     * @param needsDelete Whether delete original file after compress
     * @throws FileNotFoundException
     */
    public static String ratioAndGenThumb(String imgPath, float pixelW, float pixelH,
                                   boolean needsDelete) throws FileNotFoundException {

        Bitmap bitmap = ratio(imgPath, pixelW, pixelH);
        int degree = readPictureDegree(imgPath);
        if(degree!=0){//旋转照片角度
            bitmap=rotateBitmap(bitmap,degree);
        }
        String filePath = storeImage(bitmap);

        // Delete original file
        if (needsDelete) {
            File file = new File(imgPath);
            if (file.exists()) {
                file.delete();
            }
        }
        return filePath;
    }
    /** 获得图片角度*/
    public static int readPictureDegree(String path) {
        int degree = 0;
        try {
            ExifInterface exifInterface = new ExifInterface(path);
            int orientation = exifInterface.getAttributeInt(
                    ExifInterface.TAG_ORIENTATION,
                    ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_NORMAL);
            switch (orientation) {
                case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_90:
                    degree = 90;
                    break;
                case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_180:
                    degree = 180;
                    break;
                case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_270:
                    degree = 270;
                    break;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return degree;
    }
    /**旋转图片*/
    public static Bitmap rotateBitmap(Bitmap bitmap,int degress) {
        if (bitmap != null) {
            Matrix m = new Matrix();
            m.postRotate(degress);
            bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(),
                    bitmap.getHeight(), m, true);
            return bitmap;
        }
        return bitmap;
    }  

在实际开发中，有时候我们需求将文件转换为字符串，然后作为参数进行上传。

必备工具类图片bitmap转成字符串string与String字符串转换为bitmap图片格式

[java]  view plain  copy

1. import android.graphics.Bitmap;  
2. import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;  
3. import android.util.Base64;  
4.   
5. import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;  
6.   
7. /** 
8.  *  
9.  *  
10.  * 功能描述：Android开发之常用必备工具类图片bitmap转成字符串string与String字符串转换为bitmap图片格式 
11.  */  
12. public class BitmapAndStringUtils {  
13.     /** 
14.      * 图片转成string 
15.      * 
16.      * @param bitmap 
17.      * @return 
18.      */  
19.     public static String convertIconToString(Bitmap bitmap)  
20.     {  
21.         ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();// outputstream  
22.         bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, baos);  
23.         byte[] appicon = baos.toByteArray();// 转为byte数组  
24.         return Base64.encodeToString(appicon, Base64.DEFAULT);  
25.   
26.     }  
27.   
28.     /** 
29.      * string转成bitmap 
30.      * 
31.      * @param st 
32.      */  
33.     public static Bitmap convertStringToIcon(String st)  
34.     {  
35.         // OutputStream out;  
36.         Bitmap bitmap = null;  
37.         try  
38.         {  
39.             // out = new FileOutputStream("/sdcard/aa.jpg");  
40.             byte[] bitmapArray;  
41.             bitmapArray = Base64.decode(st, Base64.DEFAULT);  
42.             bitmap =  
43.                     BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(bitmapArray, 0,  
44.                             bitmapArray.length);  
45.             // bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out);  
46.             return bitmap;  
47.         }  
48.         catch (Exception e)  
49.         {  
50.             return null;  
51.         }  
52.     }  
53. }  

如果你的图片是File文件，可以用下面代码：

[java]  view plain  copy

1. /** 
2.  * 图片文件转换为指定编码的字符串 
3.  * 
4.  * @param imgFile  图片文件 
5.  */  
6. public static String file2String(File imgFile) {  
7.     InputStream in = null;  
8.     byte[] data = null;  
9.     //读取图片字节数组  
10.     try{  
11.         in = new FileInputStream(imgFile);  
12.         data = new byte[in.available()];  
13.         in.read(data);  
14.         in.close();  
15.     } catch (IOException e){  
16.         e.printStackTrace();  
17.     }  
18.     //对字节数组Base64编码  
19.     BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();  
20.     String result = encoder.encode(data);  
21.     return result;//返回Base64编码过的字节数组字符串  
22. }