1、在src/main/resources下建立env目录
建立属性文件
configurations-dev.properties
内容:flag=1
configurations-sit.properties
内容:flag=2
configurations-uat.properties
内容:flag=3
configurations-pit.properties
内容:flag=4
application-dev.properties
内容:appName=dev
application-sit.properties
内容:appName=sit
application-uat.properties
内容:appName=uat
application-pit.properties
内容:appName=pit
2、建立xml文件
在src/main/resources下创建spring-env.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<beans profile="dev">
<context:property-placeholder
ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:/env/configurations-dev.properties" />
<bean id="consoleProperties" class="com.study.util.PropertiesUtil">
<property name="order" value="1" />
<property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
<property name="location">
<value>classpath:env/application-dev.properties</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
<beans profile="sit">
<context:property-placeholder
ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:/env/configurations-sit.properties" />
<bean id="consoleProperties" class="com.study.util.PropertiesUtil">
<property name="order" value="1" />
<property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
<property name="location">
<value>classpath:env/application-sit.properties</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
<beans profile="uat">
<context:property-placeholder
ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:/env/configurations-uat.properties" />
<bean id="consoleProperties" class="com.study.util.PropertiesUtil">
<property name="order" value="1" />
<property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
<property name="location">
<value>classpath:env/application-uat.properties</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
<beans profile="pit">
<context:property-placeholder
ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath:/env/configurations-pit.properties" />
<bean id="consoleProperties" class="com.study.util.PropertiesUtil">
<property name="order" value="1" />
<property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
<property name="location">
<value>classpath:env/application-pit.properties</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
</beans>
说明:
1)context:property-placeholder可以在代码中使用@Value注解获取值
@Value("${flag}")
private String flag;
2)使用Bean方式定义,可以在代码中使用工具类获取
String appName = PropertiesUtil.getProperties("appName");
3)configurations-XXX.properties放置系统环境参数(数据库连接,调用组件参数),application-XXX.properties放置应用环境参数
3、applicationContext.xml导入该文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 注解bean扫描,spring扫描排除Controller -->
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.study">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 下面可以导入其他spring配置文件 -->
<import resource="classpath:/spring-env.xml" />
<!-- 下面可以声明bean -->
</beans>
4、web.xml中添加spring.profiles.default配置
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!--配置spring前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 配置初始化root WebApplicationContext -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 字符编码过滤器 统一编码UTF-8 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 在上下文context-param中设置profile.default的默认值 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>spring.profiles.default</param-name>
<param-value>${env.config}</param-value>
</context-param>
</web-app>
5、pom.xml中添加环境切换参数
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.my.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>webapp</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>webapp Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<springframework.version>4.3.22.RELEASE</springframework.version>
<aspectj.version>1.8.13</aspectj.version>
<commons-io.version>2.6</commons-io.version>
<commons-codec.version>1.12</commons-codec.version>
<commons-lang3.version>3.8.1</commons-lang3.version>
<commons-pool2.version>2.6.1</commons-pool2.version>
<servlet.version>3.1.0</servlet.version>
<slf4j.version>1.7.26</slf4j.version>
<logback.version>1.2.3</logback.version>
<logback-ext-spring.version>0.1.5</logback-ext-spring.version>
<jcl.version>1.7.26</jcl.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- springmvc框架 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>${aspectj.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${springframework.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 其他工具包 -->
<!-- apache commons -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>${commons-codec.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>${commons-io.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
<version>${commons-pool2.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- slf4j + logback -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>${jcl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
<version>${logback.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>${logback.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.logback-extensions</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-ext-spring</artifactId>
<version>${logback-ext-spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!-- 环境切换参数 -->
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>dev</id>
<properties>
<env.config>dev</env.config>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>sit</id>
<properties>
<env.config>sit</env.config>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>uat</id>
<properties>
<env.config>uat</env.config>
</properties>
</profile>
<profile>
<id>pit</id>
<properties>
<env.config>pit</env.config>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>
<build>
<finalName>webapp</finalName>
<!--过滤resource下的文件 -->
<resources>
<resource>
<!-- 会把该目录下的文件放在WEB-INF/classes下 -->
<filtering>true</filtering>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
</resource>
</resources>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
<configuration>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
<webResources>
<webResource>
<filtering>true</filtering>
<!-- 原配置文件的目录,相对于pom.xml文件路径 -->
<directory>src/main/webapp</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/web.xml</include>
</includes>
</webResource>
</webResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
说明:
1)编译时可以用install -Psit,带环境参数编译
2)注意maven-war-plugin版本要用高版本,用2.2会有web.xml中文注释乱码问题
6、测试下工具类功能(properties文件参数获取)
在src下建立测试实体类Student.java
package com.study.testBean;
public class Student {
private String name;
private int age;
public void sayHello() {
System.out.println("student say hello." + " name=" + name + " age=" + age);
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
在src/test/java下建立MyTest.java
package com.study.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import com.study.util.ApplicationContextHolder;
import com.study.util.PropertiesUtil;
import com.study.util.ReflectInvokeUtil;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:applicationContext.xml", "classpath:spring-mvc.xml" })
@ActiveProfiles("sit")
public class MyTest {
@Value("${flag}")
private String flag;
@Test
public void testInvoke() throws Exception {
System.out.println("第一个测试方法*******");
ApplicationContext ac = ApplicationContextHolder.getApplicationContext();
ReflectInvokeUtil.invokeMethod("com.study.testBean.Student", "sayHello", null);
}
@Test
public void testById() {
System.out.println("第二个测试方法*******");
ApplicationContext ac = ApplicationContextHolder.getApplicationContext();
System.out.println("**********");
}
@Test
public void testProperties() {
System.out.println("第三个测试方法*******");
System.out.println("flag is:" + flag);
System.out.println("appName is:" + PropertiesUtil.getProperties("appName"));
}
}