字节码文件揭秘

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已于 2022-07-06 13:44:57 修改

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文章标签： jvm java

于 2022-06-23 11:53:55 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/csywxr/article/details/125422498

版权

先以最简单的类结构介绍字节码文件的解析

public class Test {

    private static int a = 12;

    public static void main(String[] args)  {
        System.out.println("dsafad");
    }

}

通过javap -v Test.class命令反编译字节码信息如下：该信息是已经把二进制数据反编译后的结果

public class com.tongweb.uconsole.Test
minor version: 0
major version: 52
flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER
Constant pool:
#1 = Methodref #7.#24 // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
#2 = Fieldref #25.#26 // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
#3 = String #27 // dsafad
#4 = Methodref #28.#29 // java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
#5 = Fieldref #6.#30 // com/tongweb/uconsole/Test.a:I
#6 = Class #31 // com/tongweb/uconsole/Test
#7 = Class #32 // java/lang/Object
#8 = Utf8 a
#9 = Utf8 I
#10 = Utf8 <init>
#11 = Utf8 ()V
#12 = Utf8 Code
#13 = Utf8 LineNumberTable
#14 = Utf8 LocalVariableTable
#15 = Utf8 this
#16 = Utf8 Lcom/tongweb/uconsole/Test;
#17 = Utf8 main
#18 = Utf8 ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
#19 = Utf8 args
#20 = Utf8 [Ljava/lang/String;
#21 = Utf8 <clinit>
#22 = Utf8 SourceFile
#23 = Utf8 Test.java
#24 = NameAndType #10:#11 // "<init>":()V
#25 = Class #33 // java/lang/System
#26 = NameAndType #34:#35 // out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
#27 = Utf8 dsafad
#28 = Class #36 // java/io/PrintStream
#29 = NameAndType #37:#38 // println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
#30 = NameAndType #8:#9 // a:I
#31 = Utf8 com/tongweb/uconsole/Test
#32 = Utf8 java/lang/Object
#33 = Utf8 java/lang/System
#34 = Utf8 out
#35 = Utf8 Ljava/io/PrintStream;
#36 = Utf8 java/io/PrintStream
#37 = Utf8 println
#38 = Utf8 (Ljava/lang/String;)V
{
public com.tongweb.uconsole.Test();
descriptor: ()V
flags: ACC_PUBLIC
Code:
stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
0: aload_0
1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
4: return
LineNumberTable:
line 3: 0
LocalVariableTable:
Start Length Slot Name Signature
0 5 0 this Lcom/tongweb/uconsole/Test;

public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
Code:
stack=2, locals=1, args_size=1
0: getstatic #2 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
3: ldc #3 // String dsafad
5: invokevirtual #4 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
8: return
LineNumberTable:
line 8: 0
line 9: 8
LocalVariableTable:
Start Length Slot Name Signature
0 9 0 args [Ljava/lang/String;

static {};
descriptor: ()V
flags: ACC_STATIC
Code:
stack=1, locals=0, args_size=0
0: bipush 12
2: putstatic #5 // Field a:I
5: return
LineNumberTable:
line 5: 0
}
java字节码结构如下：

字节码文件标识说明

下面我们将参照java字节码整体结构来解析字节码文件

魔数为固定值在上面可能没有展示

此版本号：0

主版本号：52 【1.8】

类的访问控制权限： ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_SUPER

常量池大小：39 但实际上常量池里面是要减1

常量池：

#1 = Methodref #7.#24 // java/lang/Object."<init>":()V

表示方法的引用，#7 #24指向常量池中的位置常量

#2 = Fieldref #25.#26 // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;

表示字段引用 #25 #26 指向常量池中25,26的位置常量

#3 = String #27

String类型，指向常量池中27的位置

#4 = Methodref #28.#29 // java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V

方法引用指向28,29号位置

#5 = Fieldref #6.#30 // com/tongweb/uconsole/Test.a:I

字段引用，指向6,30号位置，为整数类型a

#6 = Class #31 // com/tongweb/uconsole/Test

Class 指向31号位置

#7 = Class #32 // java/lang/Object

这个应该是父类信息，指向32号位置

#8 = Utf8 a

变量名

#9 = Utf8 I

变量类型

#10 = Utf8 <init>

初始化方法

#11 = Utf8 ()V

初始化方法，返回为空

#12 = Utf8 Code

Code:
stack=1, locals=1, args_size=1
0: aload_0
1: invokespecial #1 // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
4: return

         LineNumberTable:
        line 3: 0
          LocalVariableTable:
        Start Length Slot Name Signature
          0 5 0 this Lcom/tongweb/uconsole/Test;

代码

invokespecial指向本实例方法，aload_0表示对this的操作

#13 = Utf8 LineNumberTable

源码行号和字节码行号的对应关系

#14 = Utf8 LocalVariableTable

本地变量表

#15 = Utf8 this

this对象

#16 = Utf8 Lcom/tongweb/uconsole/Test;
#17 = Utf8 main
#18 = Utf8 ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
#19 = Utf8 args
#20 = Utf8 [Ljava/lang/String;
#21 = Utf8 <clinit>
#22 = Utf8 SourceFile
#23 = Utf8 Test.java

以下是解析main方法和clint静态方法，就不一一说明了，原理是一样的(这个地方我再main中声明了个局部变量，并进行加一操作）

public static void main(java.lang.String[]);
descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
flags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATIC
Code:
stack=2, locals=2, args_size=1
0: iconst_0
1: istore_1
2: iinc 1, 1
5: getstatic #2 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
8: ldc #3 // String dsafad
10: invokevirtual #4 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
13: return
LineNumberTable:
line 8: 0
line 9: 2
line 10: 5
line 11: 13
LocalVariableTable:
Start Length Slot Name Signature
0 14 0 args [Ljava/lang/String;
2 12 1 b I

main方法

方法的描述：（参数类型）返回值类型

访问标志：静态，公共

代码：

stack: 最大操作数栈，locals本地变量数量，args_size，形参数量

iconst_0：将常量压入堆栈

istore_1：弹出1号位置元素，0号位置是this

iinc 1,1: 增1

getstatic #2 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;

获得常量池中2号位置的静态变量

ldc #3 // String dsafad

将常量压入堆栈

invokevirtual #4 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V

调用实例方法

static {};
descriptor: ()V
flags: ACC_STATIC
Code:
stack=1, locals=0, args_size=0
0: bipush 12
2: putstatic #5 // Field a:I
5: return
LineNumberTable:
line 5: 0

静态代码块的执行