无名管道只限于有亲缘关系的父子进程之间进行同行
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{
int pipe_fd[2];
pid_t pid;
char buf_r[100];
int r_num;
memset(buf_r,0,sizeof(buf_r));
/*创建管道*/
if(pipe(pipe_fd)<0)
{
printf("pipe create error\n");
return -1;
}
printf("-----fd[0]=%d-----fd[1]=%d----\n", pipe_fd[0], pipe_fd[1]);
/*创建一子进程*/
if((pid=fork())==0)
{
printf("\n");
/*关闭子进程写描述符,并通过使父进程暂停 2 秒确保父进程已关闭相应的读描述符*/
close(pipe_fd[1]);
sleep(2);
/*子进程读取管道内容*/
if((r_num=read(pipe_fd[0],buf_r,100))>0){
printf("%d numbers read from the pipe is %s\n",r_num,buf_r);
}
/*关闭子进程读描述符*/
close(pipe_fd[0]);
exit(0);
}
else if(pid>0)
{
/*/关闭父进程读描述符,并分两次向管道中写入 Hello Pipe*/
close(pipe_fd[0]);
if(write(pipe_fd[1],"Hello",5)!= -1)
printf("parent write1 success!\n");
if(write(pipe_fd[1]," Pipe",5)!= -1)
printf("parent write2 success!\n");
/*关闭父进程写描述符*/
close(pipe_fd[1]);
sleep(3);
/*收集子进程退出信息*/
waitpid(pid,NULL,0);
exit(0);
}
return 0;
}
运行效果:
-----fd[0]=3-----fd[1]=4----
parent write1 success!
parent write2 success!10 numbers read from the pipe is Hello Pipe
其它控制
流向 | 进程名 | fd[0] | fd[1] |
父写子读 | 父进程 | close | write |
子进程 | read | close | |
子写父读 | 父进程 | read | close |
子进程 | close | write |
与有名管道之间差异
亲缘关系 | 非亲缘关系 | |
pipe(无名管道) | √ | × |
named pipe(有名管道) | √ | √ |