kinds of parameters:
--- Explicit: Having an entry in the file
--- Implicit: No entry within the file, but assuming the Oracle default values
types of initialization parameter file:
--- Static parameter file, PFILE,commonly referred to as initSID.ora
--- Persistent parameter file, SPFILE,commonly referred to as spfileSID.ora
[@more@]Parameter File Contents
--- A list of instance parameters
--- The name of the database the instance is associated with
--- Allocations for memory structures of the System Global Area (SGA)
--- What to do with filled online redo log files
--- The names and locations of control files
--- Information on undo segments
PFILE : initSID.ora
--- a text file that can be modified with an operating system editor.
--- Modifications to the file are made manually.
--- Changes to the file take effect on the next startup.
--- Its default location is $ORACLE_HOME/dbs.
Rules for Specifying Parameters in PFILE:
--- Specify the values in the following format: keyword=value.
--- All parameters are optional.
--- Parameters can be specified in any order.
--- Comment lines begin with the # symbol.
--- Multiple values are enclosed in parentheses and separated by commas.
--- Enclose parameters in double quotation marks to include character literals.
--- Additional files can be included with the keyword IFILE.
--- If case is significant for the operating system, then it is also significant in filenames.
--- The server has a default value for each parameter. This value may be operating system dependent, depending on the parameter.
SPFILE : spfileSID.ora:
--- Binary file with the ability to make changes persistent across shutdown and startup
--- Maintained by the Oracle server
--- Records parameter value changes made with the ALTER SYSTEM command
--- Can specify whether the change being made is temporary or persistent
--- Values can be deleted or reset to allow an instance to revert to the default value
eg:ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace = 'UNDO2';
Change parameter in spfile
Syntax:ALTER SYSTEM SET parameter=value ;
Create a spfile:
Syntax:CREATE SPFILE [='SPFILE---NAME'] FROM PFILE[='PFILE---NAME']
Where:
--- SPFILE---NAME: Name of the SPFILE to be created: if not specified, the default SPFILE name is assumed.
--- PFILE---NAME: Name of a PFILE, must be available on the server side.
The CREATE SPFILE command requires the SYSDBA role to execute.
Create a pfile:
Syntax:CREATE PFILE [='PFILE---NAME'] FROM SPFILE[='SPFILE---NAME']
The CREATE PFILE command requires the SYSDBA role to execute.
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