ORA-12520 PROCESSES过小引起的问题

监控数据库的软件，报了如下错误：
ORA-12520: TNS:listener could not find available handler for requested type of server
查看了mos，发现可能是processes过小导致的，把processes参数增大后，不再报错。
以下为模拟processes过小，用户登录数据库报错的试验.

1：修改processes参数
官方文档对processes描述如下：
PROCESSES specifies the maximum number of operating system user processes that can simultaneously connect to Oracle. 
Its value should allow for all background processes such as locks, job queue processes, and parallel execution processes.
根据上述描述，processes的值至少要是 background processes+job queue processes+ parallel execution processes.
更改processes的值，如下操作：
SYS@test >alter system set processes=30 scope=spfile;
System altered.

2：重启生效
SYS@test >startup force
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  208769024 bytes
Fixed Size                  2211928 bytes
Variable Size             180359080 bytes
Database Buffers           20971520 bytes
Redo Buffers                5226496 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

3：模拟多用户登陆
把值改小后，模拟多个用户登陆，到一定的数目后，报如下错误:
[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jan 16 13:48:01 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-00020: maximum number of processes (30) exceeded
Enter user-name: 
字符串连接,报如下错误：
[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ sqlplus sys/oracle@test as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jan 16 13:56:42 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12520: TNS:listener could not find available handler for requested type of  server
Enter user-name: 

到此，把错误模拟出来了。

end!

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