Dgmgrl表示Data Guard Manager Command Line Interface，用来管理维护Dataguard，而且该命令系统自带不需要额外安装，命令简单易上手，容易学习，比sqlplus用来更加简单一些.
一、初步认识Dgmgrl
[oracle@primary ~]$ dgmgrl
DGMGRL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
Copyright (c) 2000, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Welcome to DGMGRL, type "help" for information.
DGMGRL> help
The following commands are available:
add Adds a standby database to the broker configuration
connect Connects to an Oracle database instance
convert Converts a database from one type to another
create Creates a broker configuration
disable Disables a configuration, a database, or fast-start failover
edit Edits a configuration, database, or instance
enable Enables a configuration, a database, or fast-start failover
exit Exits the program
failover Changes a standby database to be the primary database
help Displays description and syntax for a command
quit Exits the program
reinstate Changes a database marked for reinstatement into a viable standby
rem Comment to be ignored by DGMGRL
remove Removes a configuration, database, or instance
show Displays information about a configuration, database, or instance
shutdown Shuts down a currently running Oracle database instance
sql Executes a SQL statement
start Starts the fast-start failover observer
startup Starts an Oracle database instance
stop Stops the fast-start failover observer
switchover Switches roles between a primary and standby database
Use "help " to see syntax for individual commands
DGMGRL> help create
Creates a broker configuration
Syntax:
CREATE CONFIGURATION AS
PRIMARY DATABASE IS
CONNECT IDENTIFIER IS ;
通过上述命令，可以发现命令非常简单，并且有很好的文档进行参照
二、Dgmgrl配置以及简单使用
--前提是已经安装Dataguard环境
1.开始配置参数
--主备库进行监听配置，增加如下红字内容
主库：
[oracle@primary ~]$ vim /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = primary)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SDU=32767)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SDU=32767)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/oracle
备库：
[oracle@standby dg]$ vim /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = standby)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SDU=32767)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = dg)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SDU=32767)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = dg)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/oracle
--添加完成后，重启监听
2.Dgmgrl添加主库
DGMGRL> create configuration orcl as primary database is "orcl" connect identifier is "orcl";
Error:
ORA-16525: the Data Guard broker is not yet available
ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_DRS", line 157
ORA-06512: at line 1
--该错误原因是因为必须在主备库修改dg_broker_start才能执行
-- 语句含义：第一个orcl是配置的名称,这里可以随便填.PRIMARY DATABASE IS 'orcl' ,这儿的orcl是指database的db_unique_name,而connect identifier is ‘orcl′这里的orcl是指tnsname.ora连接到主库的net service name.
--在修改之前我们可以先看下主库监听和后台进程
监听状况：
[oracle@primary ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 14-JAN-2016 09:55:59
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl_DGMGRL" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
--进程状态，没有dmon进程
[oracle@primary ~]$ ps -ef | grep dmon
oracle 7884 7849 0 09:58 pts/2 00:00:00 grep -i dmon
--发现2个文件不存在，并且dg_broker_start状态为FALSE
SQL> show parameter dg
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ---------------------------------------------
dg_broker_config_file1 string /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/dr1orcl.dat
dg_broker_config_file2 string /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/dr2orcl.dat
dg_broker_start boolean FALSE
[oracle@primary ~]$ ll /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/dr*
ls: /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/dr*: No such file or directory
3.修改dg_broker_start参数等于true，并查看相关变化(主备库都需要修改)
SQL> alter system set dg_broker_start=true scope=both;
System altered.
--后台进程可以发现，启动了一个dmon进程
[oracle@primary ~]$ ps -ef | grep dmon
oracle 6277 1 0 Jan13 ? 00:00:03 ora_dmon_orcl
oracle 7884 7849 0 09:58 pts/2 00:00:00 grep -i dmon
DGMGRL> create configuration orcl as primary database is "orcl"connect identifier is "orcl";
Configuration "orcl" created with primary database "orcl"
[oracle@primary ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 14-JAN-2016 09:55:59
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Services Summary...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl_DGB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl_DGMGRL" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
--系统中的2个文件此时也已经创建
[oracle@primary ~]$ ll /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/dr*
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 20480 Jan 14 08:34 /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/dr1orcl.dat
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 20480 Jan 14 07:16 /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/dr2orcl.dat
4.增加Dataguard机器
DGMGRL> add database"dg" as connect identifier is "dg" maintained asphysical;
Database "dg" added
--add database 'dg' ,这里的dg是指database的db_unique_name,而as connect identifier is dg这里的dg是指tnsname.ora连接到standby database的net service name.
5.启用配置
--执行报错，必须先enable configuration
DGMGRL> enable database orcl
Warning: ORA-16614: Data Guard broker configuration is disabled
DGMGRL> enable database dg;
Warning: ORA-16614: Data Guard broker configuration is disabled
--启动Configuration
DGMGRL> enable configuration
Enabled.
DGMGRL> show configuration
Configuration - orcl
Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
Databases:
orcl - Primary database
dg - Physical standby database
Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
Configuration Status:
SUCCESS
--再启动主备库，成功
DGMGRL> enable database orcl;
Enabled.
DGMGRL> enable database dg;
Enabled.
--执行下面命令后，如果在最后出现Database Status: SUCCESS表示启动成功
DGMGRL> show database verbose orcl
DGMGRL> show database verbose dg
6.检查配置，最后Database Status状态都必须是SUCCESS
DGMGRL> show database orcl
Database - orcl
Role: PRIMARY
Intended State: TRANSPORT-ON
Instance(s):
orcl
Database Status:
SUCCESS
DGMGRL> show database dg
Database - dg
Role: PHYSICAL STANDBY
Intended State: APPLY-ON
Transport Lag: 0 seconds (computed 0 seconds ago)
Apply Lag: 0 seconds (computed 0 seconds ago)
Apply Rate: 0 Byte/s
Real Time Query: ON
Instance(s):
dg
Database Status:
SUCCESS
DGMGRL> show configuration
Configuration - orcl
Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
Databases:
orcl - Primary database
dg - Physical standby database
Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
Configuration Status:
SUCCESS
DGMGRL> show configuration verbose
Configuration - orcl
Protection Mode: MaxPerformance
Databases:
orcl - Primary database
dg - Physical standby database
Properties:
FastStartFailoverThreshold = '30'
OperationTimeout = '30'
FastStartFailoverLagLimit = '30'
CommunicationTimeout = '180'
ObserverReconnect = '0'
FastStartFailoverAutoReinstate = 'TRUE'
FastStartFailoverPmyShutdown = 'TRUE'
BystandersFollowRoleChange = 'ALL'
ObserverOverride = 'FALSE'
ExternalDestination1 = ''
ExternalDestination2 = ''
PrimaryLostWriteAction = 'CONTINUE'
Fast-Start Failover: DISABLED
Configuration Status:
SUCCESS
7.总结
①.创建配置
create configuration orcl as primary database is "orcl" connectidentifier is "orcl";
②.添加备用库
add database "dg" as connect identifier is "dg" maintained as physical;
③.查看配置
show configuration
show configuration verbose
④.查看数据库或者实例
show database orcl
show database verbose orcl
show database dg
show database verbose dg
show instance orcl
show instance verbose orcl
show instance dg
show instance verbose dg
⑤.启用配置
enable configuration
enable database orcl
enable database dg
⑥.要启动dgmgrl要打开
alter system set dg_broker_start=true scope=both;
系统会启动一个进程ora_dmon_XXXX.并且会动态注册一个服务，命名为_DGB.
⑦.要建立两个dg_broker的配置文件。
SYS@orcl> show parameter dg
NAME TYPE VALUE
----------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
dg_broker_config_file1 string /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/dr1orcl.dat
dg_broker_config_file2 string /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/dr2orcl.dat
dg_broker_start boolean TRUE
参考博文：http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-1142649/
来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/29812844/viewspace-1988859/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。
转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/29812844/viewspace-1988859/
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