SQLite是一种小型的轻量级的关系型数据库,在移动设备上使用是非常好的选择,无论是Android还是IOS,都内置了SQLite数据库,现在的版本都是SQLite3。在IOS中使用SQLite如果使用SDK提供的方法,特别麻烦也不利于理解和使用,在之前的http://blog.csdn.net/tangren03/article/details/7781930文章中就是使用IOS的SDK自带的SQLiteAPI来使用数据库,感觉使用很不方便,今天就讲讲一个针对IOS的SQliteAPI封装的第三方库FMDB,FMDB对SDK中的API做了一层封装,使之使用OC来访问,使用方便而且更熟悉。FMDB的下载地址https://github.com/ccgus/fmdb。
FMDB主要涉及两个类,FMDatabase和FMResultSet,前者类似于Android中的SQLiteOpenHelper或SQLiteDatabase,FMResultSet类似于Android中的Cursor,用来存储结果集。
下载完FMDB源码后把文件拖到工程中,并导入SQLite支持库,工程目录如下:
然后就是这个Demo的完整截图:
然后就来看看如何操作FMDB:
- //点击按钮后执行保存到数据库的操作
- -
(IBAction)saveButtonClicked:(id)sender { -
//获取Document文件夹下的数据库文件,没有则创建 -
NSString *docPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectori esInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0]; -
NSString *dbPath = [docPath stringByAppendingPathCom ponent:@"user.db"]; -
-
//获取数据库并打开 -
FMDatabase *database = [FMDatabase databaseWithPath:dbPath]; -
if (![database open]) { -
NSLog(@"Open database failed"); -
return; -
} -
-
//创建表(FMDB中只有update和query操作,出了查询其他都是update操作) -
[database executeUpdate:@"create table user (name text,gender text,age integer)"]; -
-
//插入数据 -
BOOL insert = [database executeUpdate:@"insert into user values (?,?,?)",nameTextField.text,genderTextField.text,ageTextField.text]; -
-
if (insert) { -
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"保存成功" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil]; -
[alert show]; -
[alert release]; -
} -
-
[database close]; - }
操作成功后弹出提示框:
- //点击按钮后执行查询操作
- -
(IBAction)queryButtonTapped:(id)sender { -
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectori esInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); -
NSString *documentPath = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; -
NSString *dbPath = [documentPath stringByAppendingPathCom ponent:@"user.db"]; -
-
FMDatabase *database = [FMDatabase databaseWithPath:dbPath]; -
if (![database open]) { -
return; -
} -
-
//不需要像Android中那样关闭Cursor关闭FMResultSet,因为相关的数据库关闭时,FMResultSet也会被自动关闭 -
FMResultSet *resultSet = [database executeQuery:@"select * from user"]; -
while ([resultSet next]) { -
NSString *name = [resultSet stringForColumn:@"name"]; -
NSString *gender = [resultSet stringForColumn:@"gender"]; -
int age = [resultSet intForColumn:@"age"]; -
NSLog(@"Name:%@,Gender:%@,Age:%d",name,gender,age); -
-
} -
-
[database close]; -
//这里也不需要release - //
[database release]; - }
FMResultSet还支持以下方式获取值:
intForColumn:
longForColumn:
longLongIntForColumn:
boolForColumn:
doubleForColumn:
stringForColumn:
dateForColumn:
dataForColumn:
dataNoCopyForColumn:
UTF8StringForColumnIndex
: objectForColumn:
- //执行条件查询操作
- -
(IBAction)queryByConditionBtnTappe d:(id)sender { -
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectori esInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); -
NSString *docPath = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; -
NSString *dbPath = [docPath stringByAppendingPathCom ponent:@"user.db"]; -
-
FMDatabase *database = [FMDatabase databaseWithPath:dbPath]; -
if (![database open]) { -
return; -
} -
-
FMResultSet *resultSet = [database executeQuery:@"select * from user where name = ?",@"Ryan"]; -
while ([resultSet next]) { -
NSString *name = [resultSet stringForColumn:@"name"]; -
NSString *gender = [resultSet stringForColumn:@"gender"]; -
int age = [resultSet intForColumn:@"age"]; -
NSLog(@"Name:%@,Gender:%@,Age:%d",name,gender,age); -
} -
-
[database close]; - }
- //执行更新操作
- -
(IBAction)updateBtnTapped:(id)sender { -
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectori esInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); -
NSString *docPath = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; -
NSString *dbPath = [docPath stringByAppendingPathCom ponent:@"user.db"]; -
-
FMDatabase *database = [FMDatabase databaseWithPath:dbPath]; -
if (![database open]) { -
return; -
} -
-
//参数必须是NSObject的子类,int,double,bool这种基本类型,需要封装成对应的包装类才可以 -
BOOL update = [database executeUpdate:@"update user set name = ? where age = ?",@"RyanTang",[NSNumber numberWithInt:24]]; -
-
if(update){ -
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"更新成功" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil]; -
[alert show]; -
[alert release]; -
} -
-
[database close]; - }
- //执行删除操作
- -
(IBAction)deleteBtnTapped:(id)sender { -
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectori esInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); -
NSString *docPath = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; -
NSString *dbPath = [docPath stringByAppendingPathCom ponent:@"user.db"]; -
-
FMDatabase *database = [FMDatabase databaseWithPath:dbPath]; -
if (![database open]) { -
return; -
} -
-
BOOL delete = [database executeUpdate:@"delete from user where name = ?",@"Tang"]; -
if (delete) { -
UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"提示" message:@"删除成功" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"确定" otherButtonTitles:nil, nil]; -
[alert show]; -
[alert release]; -
-
} -
-
[database close]; - }
如果我们的app需要多线程操作数据库,那么就需要使用FMDatabaseQueue来保证线程安全了。切记不能在多个线程中共同一个FMDatabase对象并且在多个线程中同时使用,这个类本身不是线程安全的,这样使用会造成数据混乱等问题。
- -(void)executeDBOperation
- {
-
//获取Document文件夹下的数据库文件,没有则创建 -
NSString *docPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectori esInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0]; -
NSString *dbPath = [docPath stringByAppendingPathCom ponent:@"user.db"]; -
-
FMDatabaseQueue *databaseQueue = [FMDatabaseQueue databaseQueueWithPath:dbPath]; -
[databaseQueue inDatabase:^(FMDatabase *db){ -
[db executeUpdate:@"insert into user values (?,?,?)",@"Ren",@"Male",[NSNumber numberWithInt:20]]; -
}]; -
[databaseQueue close]; - }