Spring Boot 模板引擎：Thymeleaf的使用

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-06 16:43:51 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-06 16:43:51 发布

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Spring Boot 模板引擎：Thymeleaf的使用

模板引擎：JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf
在这里插入图片描述
SpringBoot推荐的Thymeleaf：语法更简单，功能更强大。
1、引入thymeleaf：

   <!--引入Thymeleaf模块-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>

2、Thymeleaf使用：

ThymeleafProperties文件：

@ConfigurationProperties(
    prefix = "spring.thymeleaf"
)
public class ThymeleafProperties {
    private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING;
    public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";
    public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
    private boolean checkTemplate = true;
    private boolean checkTemplateLocation = true;
    private String prefix = "classpath:/templates/";
    private String suffix = ".html";
    private String mode = "HTML";
    private Charset encoding;
    private boolean cache;
    private Integer templateResolverOrder;
    private String[] viewNames;
    private String[] excludedViewNames;
    private boolean enableSpringElCompiler;
    private boolean renderHiddenMarkersBeforeCheckboxes;
    private boolean enabled;
    private final ThymeleafProperties.Servlet servlet;
    private final ThymeleafProperties.Reactive reactive;

    public ThymeleafProperties() {
        this.encoding = DEFAULT_ENCODING;
        this.cache = true;
        this.renderHiddenMarkersBeforeCheckboxes = false;
        this.enabled = true;
        this.servlet = new ThymeleafProperties.Servlet();
        this.reactive = new ThymeleafProperties.Reactive();
    }

只要我们把HTML页面放在classpath:/templates/，thymeleaf就能自动渲染。
页面中的具体使用：
1、导入thymeleaf的名称空间：

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

2、使用thymeleaf语法：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>成功！</h1>

<hr>
<div th:text="${hello}"></div>
<div th:utext="${hello}"></div>

<hr>
<!--th:each每次遍历都会生成当前这个标签：3个h4-->
<h4 th:text="${user}" th:each="user:${users}"></h4>
<hr/>

<!--只有一个h4标签-->
<h4>
    <span th:each="user:${users}"> [[${user}]]</span>
</h4>
</body>
</html>

3、语法规则：
1）、th:text：改变当前元素里面的文本内容，
th：任意html属性，来替换原生属性的值。
在这里插入图片描述
2）、表达式：

Simple expressions:（表达式语法）
Variable Expressions: ${...}：获取变量值；OGNL；
1）、获取对象的属性、调用方法
2）、使用内置的基本对象：
#ctx : the context object.
#vars: the context variables.
#locale : the context locale.
#request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
#response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
#session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
#servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
${session.foo}
3）、内置的一些工具对象：
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets: methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).
Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}：选择表达式：和${}在功能上是一样；
补充：配合 th:object="${session.user}：
<div th:object="${session.user}">
<p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p>
<p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p>
<p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p>
</div>
Message Expressions: #{...}：获取国际化内容
Link URL Expressions: @{...}：定义URL；
@{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
Fragment Expressions: ~{...}：片段引用表达式
<div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div>
Literals（字面量）
Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
Boolean literals: true , false
Null literal: null
Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
Text operations:（文本操作）
String concatenation: +
Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
Arithmetic operations:（数学运算）
Binary operators: + , ‐ , * , / , %
Minus sign (unary operator): ‐
Boolean operations:（布尔运算）
Binary operators: and , or
Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not
Comparisons and equality:（比较运算）
Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )
Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )
Conditional operators:条件运算（三元运算符）
If‐then: (if) ? (then)
If‐then‐else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
Special tokens:
No‐Operation: _

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Spring Boot 模板引擎：Thymeleaf的使用

Spring Boot 模板引擎：Thymeleaf的使用模板引擎：JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、ThymeleafSpringBoot推荐的Thymeleaf：语法更简单，功能更强大。1、引入thymeleaf：  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
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