手动建库

1）确定实例名。
export ORACLE_SID=mynewdb

2）建立密码文件。
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
orapwd file=orapwmynewdb password=oracle

3）建立相关目录
mkdir -p /u01/oracle/admin/mynewdb/bdump
mkdir -p /u01/oracle/admin/mynewdb/cdump
mkdir -p /u01/oracle/admin/mynewdb/udump
mkdir -p /u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb

4）建立pfile
cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
cat init.ora | grep -v ^#|grep -v ^$> initmynewdb.ora
在inittest.ora 里只包含如下初始化参数：
[oracle@ora01 dbs]$ more initmynewdb.ora
db_name=mynewdb
background_dump_dest=/u01/oracle/admin/mynewdb/bdump
core_dump_dest=/u01/oracle/admin/mynewdb/cdump
user_dump_dest=/u01/oracle/admin/mynewdb/udump
control_files=("/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/control01.ctl", "/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/control02.ctl", "/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/control03.ctl")
processes=150
sga_target=300m
db_block_size=8192
log_buffer=50000000
undo_management=AUTO
undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS

 

5)建立spfile 并启动实例。
sql>sqlplus / as sysdba
sql>create spfile from pfile
sql>startup nomount

6)手工创建数据库（使用create database 命令）
CREATE DATABASE mynewdb
   USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY pz6r58
   USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY y1tz5p
   LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
           GROUP 2 ('/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,
           GROUP 3 ('/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/redo03.log') SIZE 100M
   MAXLOGFILES 5
   MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
   MAXLOGHISTORY 1
   MAXDATAFILES 100
   MAXINSTANCES 1
   CHARACTER SET US7ASCII
   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
   DATAFILE '/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
   EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
   DEFAULT TABLESPACE tbs_1 (在考试时去掉这条语句)
   DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts1
      TEMPFILE '/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/temp01.dbf'
      SIZE 20M REUSE
   UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs
      DATAFILE '/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/undotbs01.dbf'
      SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

7)运行相关脚本
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catoctk.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql

8)Create Additional Tablespaces
CONNECT SYS/password AS SYSDBA
-- create a user tablespace to be assigned as the default tablespace for users
CREATE TABLESPACE users LOGGING
     DATAFILE '/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/users01.dbf'
     SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
     EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
-- create a tablespace for indexes, separate from user tablespace
CREATE TABLESPACE indx LOGGING
     DATAFILE '/u01/oracle/oradata/mynewdb/indx01.dbf'
     SIZE 25M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT  1280K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
     EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;

参考的联机文档
1、administrator’s guide->2 creating a oracle database-> Manually Creating an
Oracle Database

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