本节介绍了Tuple可见性判断的基本逻辑,以下判断逻辑来自于Bruce Momjian写的 Mvcc Unmasked - Bruce Momjian ,推荐阅读.

判断逻辑
((Xmin == my-transaction &&　　　　　　　inserted by the current transaction
　Cmin < my-command &&　　　　　　　　　　before this command, and
　(Xmax is null ||　　　　　　　　　　　　the row has not been deleted, or
　　(Xmax == my-transaction &&　　　　　　it was deleted by the current transaction
　　　Cmax >= my-command)))　　　　　　　but not before this command,
||　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　or
　(Xmin is committed &&　　　　　　　　　　the row was inserted by a committed transaction, and
　　(Xmax is null ||　　　　　　　　　　　　the row has not been deleted, or
　　　(Xmax == my-transaction &&　　　　　the row is being deleted by this transaction
　　　　Cmax >= my-command) ||　　　　　　but it’s not deleted “yet”, or
　　　　(Xmax != my-transaction &&　　　　the row was deleted by another transaction
　　　　　Xmax is not committed))))　　　　that has not been committed

其中,my-command在PG中通过cmin/cmax体现.
cmin/cmax
如下例所示,游标在删除命令前定义,因此Tuple可见.


10:51:21 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=# DELETE FROM mvcc_demo;
DELETE 3
10:51:22 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=# 
10:51:22 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=# BEGIN WORK;
BEGIN
10:51:22 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=#* INSERT INTO mvcc_demo VALUES (1);
INSERT 0 1
10:51:22 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=#* INSERT INTO mvcc_demo VALUES (2);
INSERT 0 1
10:51:22 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=#* INSERT INTO mvcc_demo VALUES (3);
INSERT 0 1
10:51:22 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=#* SELECT xmin, cmin, xmax, cmax, * FROM mvcc_demo;
 xmin | cmin | xmax | cmax | val 
------+------+------+------+-----
 2400 |    0 |    0 |    0 |   1
 2400 |    1 |    0 |    1 |   2
 2400 |    2 |    0 |    2 |   3
(3 rows)
10:51:23 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=#* DECLARE c_mvcc_demo CURSOR FOR
[local] xdb@testdb-# SELECT xmin, cmin, xmax, cmax, * FROM mvcc_demo; --> 定义游标
DECLARE CURSOR
10:51:34 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=#* DELETE FROM mvcc_demo; --> 删除数据
DELETE 3
10:51:34 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=#* SELECT xmin, cmin, xmax, cmax, * FROM mvcc_demo;
 xmin | cmin | xmax | cmax | val 
------+------+------+------+-----
(0 rows)
10:51:35 (xdb@[local]:5432)testdb=#* FETCH ALL FROM c_mvcc_demo; --> 游标在删除命令前定义,因此可见
 xmin | cmin | xmax | cmax | val 
------+------+------+------+-----
 2400 |    0 | 2400 |    0 |   1
 2400 |    1 | 2400 |    1 |   2
 2400 |    2 | 2400 |    2 |   3
(3 rows)

参考资料
Mvcc Unmasked - Bruce Momjian
HeapTupleSatisfiesSelf
PostgreSQL Source Code

PostgreSQL DBA(26) - MVCC#6(Tuple可见性判断-简化版)