shell之for实现

第一类：数字性循环（1-10遍历为例）

expr说明

expr命令是一个手工命令行计数器，用于在LINUX下求表达式变量的值，一般用于整数值，也可用于字符串。
下面做一个简单说明：

[root@controller for]# cat test.sh
#数字运算
echo 2+3=$(expr 2 + 3)
#*是特殊符号，所以需要加转义符：\
echo 2x3=$(expr 2 \* 3)
echo 6-3=$(expr 6 - 3)
echo 6%3=$(expr 6 / 3)
# 统计字符
echo "统计字符长度:$(expr length "this is expr")"

[root@controller for]# sh test.sh 
2+3=5
2x3=6
6-3=3
6%3=2
统计字符长度:12
[root@controller for]# 

for1-1.sh

遍历1-10的一种方法

[root@controller for]# cat 1.sh 
#!/bin/bash

for((i=1;i<10;i++)); do
        echo $(expr $i \* 3 + 1)
done
[root@controller for]# sh 1.sh
4
7
10
13
16
19
22
25
28
[root@controller for]# 

for1-2.sh

for循环之 seq方式遍历数字

 [root@controller for]# 
[root@controller for]# cat 2.sh 
#!/bin/bash
     
for i in $(seq 1 10) ; do 
    echo $(expr $i \* 3 + 1);
done

[root@controller for]# sh 2.sh 
4
7
10
13
16
19
22
25
28
31
[root@controller for]# 

for1-3.sh

for之…方式遍历数字

[root@controller for]# cat 3.sh
#!/bin/bash
    
for i in {1..10} ; do
        echo $(expr $i \* 3 + 1);
done
[root@controller for]# sh 3.sh
4
7
10
13
16
19
22
25
28
31

for1-4.sh

BEGIN解释：任何在BEGIN之后列出的操作（在{}内）将在awk开始扫描输入之前执行

[root@controller for]# cat 4.sh 
#!/bin/bash
#如果不加BEGIN，程序不会结束
awk 'BEGIN{for(i=1;i<10;i++)print i}'
[root@controller for]# sh 4.sh
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
[root@controller for]# 

第二类：字符性循环

for2-1.sh

其实这种使用单个字符的都算不算遍历

[root@controller for]# cat for2-1.sh
#!/bin/bash

for i in 'This' ; do
        echo $i is file name
done
[root@controller for]# sh for2-1.sh
This is file name
[root@controller for]# 

for2-2.sh

接受参数，如果没有定义参数，则没有输出结果

[root@controller for]# cat for2-2.sh
#!/bin/bash

for i in $* ; do
        echo $i is input chart
done
[root@controller for]# sh for2-2.sh 123
123 is input chart
[root@controller for]# 
[root@controller for]# sh for2-2.sh 
[root@controller for]# 

for2-3.sh

依次遍历字符串

[root@controller for]# cat for2-3.sh
#!/bin/bash

for i in f1 f2 f3 ; do
        echo $i is appoint
done
[root@controller for]# sh for2-3.sh
f1 is appoint
f2 is appoint
f3 is appoint
[root@controller for]# 

for2-4.sh

定义变量的形式循环多个字符串

[root@controller for]# cat for2-4.sh
#!/bin/bash

list="rootfsuser date date2"
for i in $list ; do
        echo $i is appoint
done
[root@controller for]# sh for2-4.sh
rootfsuser is appoint
date is appoint
date2 is appoint
[root@controller for]# 

第三类：路径查找

for3-1.sh

遍历的形成列出该路径下的所以目录

[root@controller for]# cat for3-1.sh
#!/bin/bash

for file in /proc/* ; do
        echo $file is file path
done
[root@controller for]# sh for3-1.sh
/proc/1 is file path
/proc/10 is file path
/proc/1036 is file path
/proc/11 is file path
/proc/12 is file path
/proc/13 is file path
/proc/14 is file path
/proc/1480 is file path

for3-2.sh

遍历命令返回的结果 （这里是：默认列出当前路径所有.sh结尾的文件）

[root@controller for]# cat for3-2.sh
#!/bin/bash

for file in $(ls *.sh) ; do
        echo $file is file path
done
[root@controller for]# sh for3-2.sh
1.sh is file path
2.sh is file path
3.sh is file path
4.sh is file path
for2-1.sh is file path
for2-2.sh is file path
for2-3.sh is file path
for2-4.sh is file path
for3-1.sh is file path
for3-2.sh is file path
test.sh is file path
[root@controller for]# 

关于shell中的for循环遍历总结

1、 for((i=1;i<=10;i++));do echo $(expr $i \* 4);done
2、在shell中常用的是 for i in $(seq 10)
3、for i in `ls`
4、for i in ${arr[@]}
5、for i in $* ; do
6、for File in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/accept_redirects; do
7、for i in f1 f2 f3 ;do
8、for i in *.txt
9、for i in $(ls *.txt)
for in语句与` `和$( )合用，利用` `或$( )的将多行合为一行的缺陷，实际是合为一个字符串数组
 
============ -_- ==============for num in $(seq 1 100)
10、LIST="rootfs usr data data2"
for d in $LIST; do
用for in语句自动对字符串按空格遍历的特性，对多个目录遍历
11、for i in {1..10}
12、for i in stringchar {1..10}
13、awk 'BEGIN{for(i=1; i<=10; i++) print i}'
注意：AWK中的for循环写法和C语言一样的