Docker基础知识

Docker命令使用

Linux系统相关的一些配置

1、docker的基本原理

2、配置阿里云镜像加速



mac系统参考这篇博客：
mac系统配置docker镜像

Docker命令

Docker官网命令

1、docker基础命令

docker version          #查看docker的版本信息
docker info             #查看docker的系统信息,包括镜像和容器的数量
docker 命令 --help       #帮助命令(可查看可选的参数)
docker COMMAND --help

2、镜像命令：

1)docker images 查看本地主机的所有镜像

#解释:
1.REPOSITORY  镜像的仓库源
2.TAG  镜像的标签
3.IMAGE ID 镜像的id
4.CREATED 镜像的创建时间
5.SIZE 镜像的大小

# 可选参数
-a/--all 列出所有镜像
-q/--quiet 只显示镜像的id

2)docker search 搜索镜像
MacBook-Pro ~ % docker search --help   命令，可选项

Usage:  docker search [OPTIONS] TERM

Search the Docker Hub for images

Options:
  -f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided
      --format string   Pretty-print search using a Go template
      --limit int       Max number of search results (default 25)
      --no-trunc        Don't truncate output
deMacBook-Pro ~ % docker search mysql 
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   11374     [OK]       
mariadb                           MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou…   4314      [OK]       
mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   845                  [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   91                   
mysql/mysql-cluster               Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr…   88                   
centurylink/mysql                 Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link…   59                   [OK]
databack/mysql-backup             Back up mysql databases to... anywhere!         48                   
prom/mysqld-exporter                                                              42                   [OK]
deitch/mysql-backup               REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r…   41                   [OK]
tutum/mysql                       Base docker image to run a MySQL database se…   35                   
linuxserver/mysql                 A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe…   31                   
schickling/mysql-backup-s3        Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backup…   30                   [OK]
mysql/mysql-router                MySQL Router provides transparent routing be…   21                   
centos/mysql-56-centos7           MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                   20                   
arey/mysql-client                 Run a MySQL client from a docker container      18                   [OK]
fradelg/mysql-cron-backup         MySQL/MariaDB database backup using cron tas…   16                   [OK]
genschsa/mysql-employees          MySQL Employee Sample Database                  7                    [OK]
yloeffler/mysql-backup            This image runs mysqldump to backup data usi…   7                    [OK]
openshift/mysql-55-centos7        DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 image…   6                    
devilbox/mysql                    Retagged MySQL, MariaDB and PerconaDB offici…   3                    
ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb   An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL                2                    [OK]
jelastic/mysql                    An image of the MySQL database server mainta…   2                    
widdpim/mysql-client              Dockerized MySQL Client (5.7) including Curl…   1                    [OK]
centos/mysql-80-centos7           MySQL 8.0 SQL database server                   1                    
monasca/mysql-init                A minimal decoupled init container for mysql    0 

#搜索收藏数大于3000的镜像
MacBook-Pro ~ % docker search mysql --filter=STARS=3000
NAME      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql     MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   11374     [OK]       
mariadb   MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou…   4314      [OK]   

3)docker pull 镜像名[:tag] 下载镜像,#如果不写tag默认就是latest
MacBook-Pro ~ % docker pull mysql 
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
a330b6cecb98: Pull complete   #分层下载 docker image的核心-联合文件系统
9c8f656c32b8: Pull complete 
88e473c3f553: Pull complete 
062463ea5d2f: Pull complete 
daf7e3bdf4b6: Pull complete 
1839c0b7aac9: Pull complete 
cf0a0cfee6d0: Pull complete 
1b42041bb11e: Pull complete 
10459d86c7e6: Pull complete 
b7199599d5f9: Pull complete 
1d6f51e17d45: Pull complete 
50e0789bacad: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:99e0989e7e3797cfbdb8d51a19d32c8d286dd8862794d01a547651a896bcf00c     #MD5签名
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest #下载来源的真实地址  #docker pull mysql等价于docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:latest

#指定版本下载
MacBook-Pro ~ % docker pull mysql:5.7
5.7: Pulling from library/mysql
a330b6cecb98: Already exists 
9c8f656c32b8: Already exists 
88e473c3f553: Already exists 
062463ea5d2f: Already exists  #不需要重复下载
daf7e3bdf4b6: Already exists 
1839c0b7aac9: Already exists 
cf0a0cfee6d0: Already exists 
fae7a809788c: Pull complete 
dae5a82a61f0: Pull complete 
7063da9569eb: Pull complete 
51a9a9b4ef36: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:d9b934cdf6826629f8d02ea01f28b2c4ddb1ae27c32664b14867324b3e5e1291
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:5.7
docker.io/library/mysql:5.7

MacBook-Pro ~ % docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
mysql        5.7       1d7aba917169   30 hours ago   448MB
mysql        latest    0716d6ebcc1a   30 hours ago   514MB

4）docker rmi 删除镜像
#1.删除指定的镜像id
[ ~]# docker rmi -f  镜像id
#2.删除多个镜像id
[ ~]# docker rmi -f  镜像id 镜像id 镜像id
#3.删除全部的镜像id
[ ~]# docker rmi -f  $(docker images -aq)