Apache HTTP服务器

Apache HTTP服务器 (Apache HTTP Server)

Apache HTTP Server, Apache often called, is an HTTP server software product by the Apache Software Foundation. This is the most popular HTTP server on the Web. This is a free software with a specific type of license, called Apache license.

Apache HTTP Server(Apache通常被称为Apache)是Apache Software Foundation的HTTP服务器软件产品。 这是Web上最流行的HTTP服务器。 这是具有特定许可证类型(称为Apache许可证)的免费软件。

Apache – History

Apache –历史

Apache appeared in April 1995. At first it was a collection of fixes and additions to the server NCSA HTTPd 1.3, which was in the public domain in intellectual property law French and the HTTP server, so the most common. From this origin, many people argue that the Apache has a patchy server or “server patched. Subsequently, Apache has been completely rewritten, so that, in version 2, there remains no trace of NCSA HTTPd.

Apache于1995年4月问世。最初，它是对服务器NCSA HTTPd 1.3的修复和补充的集合，该服务器在法国的知识产权法和HTTP服务器中属于公共领域，因此是最常见的。 出于这个原因，许多人认为Apache具有补丁服务器或“补丁服务器”。 随后，Apache被完全重写，因此在版本2中，没有留下任何NCSA HTTPd的痕迹。

Initially, Apache was the only serious alternative to free HTTP server Netscape (iPlanet, Sun ONE now). Since April 1996, according to the ongoing study by Netcraft, Apache has become the most popular HTTP server on the Internet. In May 1999, he was turning 57% of Web servers, and if early 2004, he was about 69% market share, it holds only 50.61% of the market at the end of January 2008. In February 2008, Apache is 50.93% of market share. In December 2008, 72.45% of market share for Apache.

最初，Apache是​​免费HTTP服务器Netscape(现在是iPlanet，现在是Sun ONE)的唯一替代产品。 根据Netcraft进行的研究，自1996年4月以来，Apache已成为Internet上最流行的HTTP服务器。 在1999年5月，他要使用57％的Web服务器，如果到2004年初，他的市场份额约为69％，那么到2008年1月底，它仅占有50.61％的市场。在2008年2月，Apache占据了50.93％的市场份额。市场份额。 2008年12月，Apache占有72.45％的市场份额。

Version 2 of Apache has several major advances compared to version 1, including support for multiple platforms (Windows, Linux and UNIX, and others), support for UNIX threads, a new API and support IPv6.

与版本1相比，Apache的版本2有几个主要改进，包括对多个平台(Windows，Linux和UNIX等)的支持，对UNIX线程的支持，新的API和对IPv6的支持。

The Apache Foundation (Apache Software Foundation or ASF) was established in 1999 from the Apache group (Apache Group) at the origin server in 1995. Since then, many other useful software on the World Wide Web are developed alongside the HTTP server.

Apache基金会(Apache Software Foundation或ASF)于1999年由Apache小组(Apache Group)在原始服务器上成立，于1995年成立。从那时起，万维网上许多其他有用的软件与HTTP服务器一起开发。

Apache可用性 (Apache Availability)

Apache runs primarily on UNIX operating systems (Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris, BSD and UNIX) and Windows. The Windows version is considered stable since the 1.2 version of Apache. Apache is used by many products including IBM WebSphere, and Oracle Corporation. It is also supported in one way or another by the Borland development tools Delphi and Kylix, and by Drupal CMS.

Apache主要在UNIX操作系统(Linux，Mac OS X，Solaris，BSD和UNIX)和Windows上运行。 自Apache的1.2版本以来，Windows版本被认为是稳定的。 许多产品(包括IBM WebSphere和Oracle Corporation)都使用Apache。 Borland开发工具Delphi和Kylix以及Drupal CMS也以某种方式支持它。

Apache Features

Apache功能

Apache is designed to support multiple modules giving it additional functions: interpretation of Perl, PHP, Python and Ruby, Proxy Server, Common Gateway Interface, Server Side Includes, URL rewriting, content negotiation, communication protocols Additional, etc.. However, it should be noted that the existence of many complex modules Apache web server configuration. Indeed, good practice to load only the modules relevant: many security vulnerabilities affecting only the Apache modules are regularly discovered.

Apache被设计为支持多个模块，从而赋予其附加功能：Perl，PHP，Python和Ruby的解释，代理服务器，通用网关接口，服务器端包含，URL重写，内容协商，通信协议附加等。但是，它应该需要注意的是，Apache Web服务器存在许多复杂的模块配置。 确实，仅加载相关模块的良好做法是：定期发现许多仅影响Apache模块的安全漏洞。

The configuration options are a feature of Apache lighthouse. The principle is based on a hierarchy of configuration files, which can be managed independently. This feature is especially helpful to providers who can serve as sites of several clients using a single HTTP server. For customers, this feature is made visible.

配置选项是Apache lighthouse的功能。 该原理基于配置文件的层次结构，可以独立地对其进行管理。 对于可以使用单个HTTP服务器充当多个客户端站点的提供商，此功能特别有用。 对于客户，此功能是可见的。

高温通行 (Htaccess)

Among the supporting software maintenance of Apache log files can be analyzed using a lot of scripts and free software such as AWStats, Webalizer or W3Perl. Several graphical user interfaces facilitate the configuration of the server.

在支持Apache日志文件的软件维护中，可以使用许多脚本和免费软件(例如AWStats，Webalizer或W3Perl)进行分析。 几个图形用户界面简化了服务器的配置。

Some interesting modules – Modes and Prefork Worker

一些有趣的模块–模式和Prefork Worker

These two major modes of operation including changing performance HTTP server.

这两种主要的操作模式包括更改性能的HTTP服务器。

Historically, Apache runs Prefork, which means that a parent process launched with great rights (root) pre-execute child processes that will address each of a number of customer requests. However, on Linux, the multiplication process causes an increase in consumption of resources.

从历史上看，Apache运行Prefork，这意味着以较高权限(根)启动的父进程会预先执行子进程，该子进程将解决许多客户请求中的每一个。 但是，在Linux上，乘法过程导致资源消耗增加。

Worker Mode, Apache launches threads that will handle incoming requests. The difference is that this is a more preemptive process in which the father prepares resources for its threads.

工作者模式，Apache启动将处理传入请求的线程。 不同之处在于，这是一个更先发的过程，父亲在其中为线程准备资源。

Modules: prefork.c or worker.c

模块：prefork.c或worker.c

代理模块 (Proxy modules)

Through mod_proxy, among others, it is possible to use httpd Server as a true proxy.

通过mod_proxy等，可以将httpd Server用作真正的代理。

One of the most interesting uses is in the load balancing, either as part of a high availability, either in order to obtain better performance. Reverse Proxying skills are sufficient to point to a release easily from version 2.2.

最有趣的用途之一是负载平衡，它既是高可用性的一部分，也是为了获得更好的性能。 反向代理技能足以指向2.2版中的轻松发行版。

Study: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons.

研究：来自维基百科，免费的百科全书。 该文本可在“ 知识共享”下找到 。

翻译自: https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/apache-http-server/